Seroprevalence, Associated Factors, and Fetomaternal Outcome in Pregnant Women That Tested Positive to Hepatitis E Antibodies in Nigeria

Background. Hepatitis E virus infection is an emerging disease with varied courses in pregnancy. There is a dearth of statistics among pregnant women. Aim. To evaluate the prevalence, associated factors, and pregnancy outcome in women that tested positive for hepatitis E virus (HEV) antibodies in pregnancy. Research Methods. This was a cross-sectional study conducted among pregnant women at a teaching hospital in Nigeria. Relevant information was collected using a structured questionnaire. Blood was collected from each of the participants, and the serum was used to determine the presence of hepatitis E immunoglobulin M (IgM) and G (IgG). The data were analysed using SPSS version 23. Associations between variables were determined at a p value of <0.05. Results. A total of 200 pregnant women participated in this study. The prevalence of HEV infection among pregnant women was 28.00% (56/200). The mean age was 30.11 ± 5.88. Hepatitis E infection was significantly associated with age ( p value = 0.028), method of faecal disposal ( p value = 0.043), and source of drinking water ( p value = 0.039). A total of 9/200 (4.50%) stillbirths were recorded with 3/9 (33.33%) in women that tested positive for HEV antibodies. About 4/200(2.00%) miscarriages were recorded, and 2/4 (50.00%) were in women that tested positive for HEV antibodies. Hepatitis E infection was not significantly associated with perinatal outcome ( p value = 0.45). Only 1/56 (0.50%) maternal death was recorded among women that tested positive to hepatitis E, and none was recorded among those that tested negative to hepatitis E antibodies. Conclusion. There was a significant statistical association between HEV infection and age, method of faecal disposal, and source of drinking water. This underscores the importance of the provision of clean water and safe faecal disposal. Hepatitis E virus infection did not significantly affect the foetal and maternal outcomes.

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Burden of hepatitis E virus infection in pregnancy and maternofoetal outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth ◽

10.1186/s12884-020-03116-2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jean Joel Bigna ◽

Abdou Fatawou Modiyinji ◽

Jobert Richie Nansseu ◽

Marie A. Amougou ◽

Moise Nola ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Virus Infection ◽

Hepatitis E Virus ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Hepatitis E ◽

In Pregnancy

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Cross-sectional study to assess etiology and associated factors for anaemia during first trimester of pregnancy in Anuradhapura District, Sri Lanka: a protocol

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.28226.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

pp. 223

Author(s):

Gayani Amarasinghe ◽

Vasana Mendis ◽

Thilini Agampodi

Keyword(s):

Sri Lanka ◽

Data Collection ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Associated Factors ◽

First Trimester ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Anaemia In Pregnancy ◽

In Pregnancy

Background: Anaemia in pregnancy, which can lead to adverse maternal and fetal outcomes, is a significant global health problem. Despite Sri Lanka’s strong public health system and commitment towards prevention, maternal anaemia remains a major problem in the country. While prevention is focused on iron deficiency, detailed etiological studies on this topic are scarce. Moreover, estimates of socio demographic and economic factors associated with anaemia in pregnancy, which can provide important clues for anaemia control, are also lacking. This study aims to evaluate the hemoglobin distribution, spatial distribution, etiology and associated factors for anaemia in pregnant women in Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka. Methods: This is a cross sectional study of pregnant women in their first trimester registered for antenatal care from July to September 2019 in the Anuradhapura district. The minimal sample size was calculated to be 1866. Initial data collection has already been carried out in special field clinics for pregnant women between June to October 2019. An interviewer-administered questionnaire, a self-completed dietary questionnaire and an examination checklist were used for data collection. In addition, all participants underwent complete blood count testing. Further investigations are being conducted for predicting the etiology of anaemia based on a developed algorithm (such as high-performance liquid chromatography [HPLC] and peripheral blood film analysis). Discussion: Being the largest study on anaemia during pregnancy in a single geographical area in Sri Lanka, this study will provide important clues about geographical clustering of anaemia cases with similar etiology, associated factors and etiologies which would help to develop interventions to improve the health of pregnant women in the area. The possibility of selection bias is a potential limitation associated with the study design.

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SEROPREVALENCE OF HEPATITIS E VIRUS (HEV) INFECTION AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN IN SOUTH INDIA

10.36106/ijsr/2100920 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 28-31

Author(s):

Nivedhitha E ◽

Selvi R ◽

Kayalvili KK ◽

Arul selvan S ◽

Duraivel M

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Hepatitis E Virus ◽

South India ◽

Educational Status ◽

Hepatitis E ◽

Elisa Test ◽

Public Health Issue ◽

Water Type ◽

Mortality And Morbidity

Background: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection poses a major public health issue in countries with poor drinking water supply, inadequate rd sanitation and improper disposal of human excretes. It causes fulminant hepatitis in pregnant women during 3 trimester with a high mortality rate of 20-30%. Aim:The aim of the study was to estimate the seroprevalence of HEVinfection among pregnant women in South India. Materials and methods: Atotal of 200 asymptomatic, pregnant women were included in the study was evaluated using a questionnaire form. 5ml of blood samples were collected from them and serum was separated to detect for the presence of HEV-antibodies and HEV-RNA by ELISA test and RT-PCR test respectively. Results: The prevalence of HEV-antibodies was found to be 11.5%. HEV-RNA was not present in any participants. A very high statistical signicance was seen associated with the risk factors such as educational status, source of drinking water, type of toilet system used, and the habit of hand washing after using toilets (P<0.01). Conclusion: Even though the prevalence of HEV among the pregnant women is low, periodic assessment and screening of the pregnant women should be done. Encouraging the public sector to strictly adhere to the personal hygienic measures will denitely have an impact in the maternal as well as perinatal mortality and morbidity

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Hepatitis E virus infection in pregnant women, Argentina

BMC Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1186/s12879-020-05087-3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Gabriela Tissera ◽

María Cecilia Lardizabal ◽

Sofía Belén Torres ◽

Anabella Clara Fantilli ◽

Maribel G. Martínez Wassaf ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Virus Infection ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Hepatitis E Virus ◽

Hepatitis E

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Prevalence and clinical features of hepatitis E virus infection in pregnant women: A large cohort study in Inner Mongolia, China

Clinics and Research in Hepatology and Gastroenterology ◽

10.1016/j.clinre.2020.08.012 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Xiao-xia Ma ◽

Yunpeng Ji ◽

Li Jin ◽

Zulqarnain Baloch ◽

De-rong Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Virus Infection ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Clinical Features ◽

Inner Mongolia ◽

Hepatitis E Virus ◽

Hepatitis E ◽

Large Cohort ◽

Large Cohort Study

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An observational study of maternal and fetal outcome in pregnant women with Hepatitis E

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20193520 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (8) ◽

pp. 3110

Author(s):

Ranjana Mishra ◽

Arun H. Nayak ◽

Madhuri Mehendale

Keyword(s):

Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Hepatitis E Virus ◽

Mode Of Delivery ◽

Research Work ◽

Hepatitis E ◽

Fetal Outcome ◽

Medical Complication ◽

Neonatal Deaths ◽

In Pregnancy

Background: Hepatitis E in pregnancy has been a subject of interest in the recent years as the available research work is very limited and conflicting especially in pregnant women as compared to infection in men and non- pregnant women in which the disease is usually self- limiting. The mechanism of liver injury in hepatitis E is not clear and no conclusive theories about the exact pathogenesis are available. This study was done to gain insight into the effects of hepatitis E virus on pregnancy in terms of maternal and fetal outcome.Methods: Total of 40 pregnant women with Hepatitis E Virus IgM antibodies was included in the study. Hepatitis cases due to other viral and non-infective causes were excluded. Maternal outcomes in terms of mode of delivery, complications like PPH, hepatic encephalopathy, fulminant hepatic failure, coagulopathy and maternal mortality was studied. Fetal outcomes in terms of intrauterine fetal deaths, stillbirth, live births, and neonatal deaths were studied.Results: This study showed high mortality rates (42.5%) in pregnant women with hepatitis E. The most common obstetric complication was IUFD (45%) followed by preterm labor (32.5%) and postpartum hemorrhage (22.5%). Hepatic encephalopathy (62.5%) was the commonest medical complication followed by coagulopathy (25%). A statistically significant association was found between the presence of medical complications and poor maternal outcome.Conclusions: Hepatitis E virus infection in pregnancy often has a fulminant course with poor maternal and fetal outcome. Its management therefore requires an early diagnosis, and a multidisciplinary approach.

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