scholarly journals The Study of Face Processing in Social Anxiety Disorder Based on Face-Specific N170 Component

2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Xuejing Bi ◽  
Min Guo ◽  
Jianqin Cao ◽  
Yanhua Hao
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Social Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Face Processing ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Asymmetry Index ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
N170 Component ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Right

Although previous studies showed that social anxiety disorder (SAD) exhibits the attentional bias for angry faces, few studies investigated effective face recognition combined with event-related potential (ERP) technique in SAD patients, especially the treatment effect. This study examines the differences in face processing in SAD patients before and after treatment and healthy control people (H-group). High-density EEG scans were registered in response to emotional schematic faces, particularly interested in the face processing N170 component. Analysis of N170 amplitude revealed a larger N170 for P-group-pre in response to inverted and upright stimuli than H-group in the right hemisphere. The result of the intragroup t-test showed that N170 was delayed for inverted relative to upright faces only in P-group-post and H-group but not in P-group-pre. Remarkably, the results of ANOVAs manifested that emotional expression cannot modulate N170 for SAD patients. Besides, the N170-based asymmetry index (AI) was introduced to analyze the left- and right-hemisphere dominance of N170 for three groups. It was found that, with the improvement of patients’ treatment, the value of A I N 170 − b a s e     d presented a decreasing trend. These results together suggested that there was no inversion effect observed for patients with SAD. The change in the value of A I N 170 − b a s e     d can be used as potential electrophysiological markers for the diagnosis and treatment effects on patients with SAD.

scholarly journals Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) to Treat Social Anxiety Disorder: Case Reports and a Review of the Literature

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 180-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávia Paes ◽  
Tathiana Baczynski ◽  
Felipe Novaes ◽  
Tamires Marinho ◽  
Oscar Arias-Carrión ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Social Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
The Right

Objectives: Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is a common and debilitating anxiety disorders. However, few studies had been dedicated to the neurobiology underlying SAD until the last decade. Rates of non-responders to standard methods of treatment remain unsatisfactorily high of approximately 25%, including SAD. Advances in our understanding of SAD could lead to new treatment strategies. A potential non invasive therapeutic option is repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). Thus, we reported two cases of SAD treated with rTMS Methods: The bibliographical search used Pubmed/Medline, ISI Web of Knowledge and Scielo databases. The terms chosen for the search were: anxiety disorders, neuroimaging, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation. Results: In most of the studies conducted on anxiety disorders, except SAD, the right prefrontal cortex (PFC), more specifically dorsolateral PFC was stimulated, with marked results when applying high-rTMS compared with studies stimulating the opposite side. However, according to the “valence hypothesis”, anxiety disorders might be characterized by an interhemispheric imbalance associated with increased right-hemispheric activity. With regard to the two cases treated with rTMS, we found a decrease in BDI, BAI and LSAS scores from baseline to follow-up. Conclusion: We hypothesize that the application of low-rTMS over the right medial PFC (mPFC; the main structure involved in SAD circuitry) combined with high-rTMS over the left mPFC, for at least 4 weeks on consecutive weekdays, may induce a balance in brain activity, opening an attractive therapeutic option for the treatment of SAD.

Effects of Self-Image on Anxiety, Judgement Bias and Emotion Regulation in Social Anxiety Disorder

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-94
Author(s):  
Hannah Lee ◽  
Jung-Kwang Ahn ◽  
Jung-Hye Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Social Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Social Cost ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Self Image ◽  
Judgement Bias ◽  
Induction State ◽  
Before And After

Background: Research to date has focused on the detrimental effects of negative self-images for individuals with social anxiety disorder (SAD), but the benefits of positive self-images have been neglected. Aims: The present study examined the effect of holding a positive versus negative self-image in mind on anxiety, judgement bias and emotion regulation (ER) in individuals with SAD. Method: Forty-two individuals who met the diagnostic criteria for SAD were randomly assigned to either a positive or a negative self-image group. Participants were assessed twice with a week's interval in between using the Reactivity and Regulation Situation Task, which measures social anxiety, discomfort, judgement bias and ER, prior to and after the inducement of a positive or negative self-image. Results: Individuals in the positive self-image group reported less social anxiety, discomfort and distress from social cost when compared with their pre-induction state. They also used more adaptive ER strategies and experienced less anxiety and discomfort after using ER. In contrast, individuals in the negative self-image group showed no significant differences in anxiety, judgement bias or ER strategies before and after the induction. Conclusions: This study highlights the beneficial effects of positive self-images on social anxiety and ER.

scholarly journals The Effects of Virtual Reality Treatment on Prefrontal Cortex Activity in Patients With Social Anxiety Disorder: Participatory and Interactive Virtual Reality Treatment Study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hojun Lee ◽  
JongKwan Choi ◽  
Dooyoung Jung ◽  
Ji-Won Hur ◽  
Chul-Hyun Cho
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Social Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Before And After

BACKGROUND Attempts to use virtual reality (VR) as a treatment for various psychiatric disorders have been made recently, and many researchers have identified the effects of VR in psychiatric disorders. Studies have reported that VR therapy is effective in social anxiety disorder (SAD). However, there is no prior study on the neural correlates of VR therapy in patients with SAD. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to find the neural correlates of VR therapy by evaluating the treatment effectiveness of VR in patients with SAD using portable functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). METHODS Patients with SAD (n=28) were provided with 6 sessions of VR treatment that was developed for exposure to social situations with a recording system of each participant’s self-introduction in VR. After each VR treatment session, the first-person view (video 1) and third-person view (video 2) clips of the participant’s self-introduction were automatically generated. The functional activities of prefrontal regions were measured by fNIRS while watching videos 1 and 2 with a cognitive task, before and after whole VR treatment sessions, and after the first session of VR treatment. We compared the data of fNIRS between patients with SAD and healthy controls (HCs; n=27). RESULTS We found that reduction in activities of the right frontopolar prefrontal cortex (FPPFC) in HCs was greater than in the SAD group at baseline (<i>t</i>=–2.01, <i>P</i>=.049). Comparing the frontal cortex activation before and after VR treatment sessions in the SAD group showed significant differences in activities of the FPPFC (right: <i>t</i>=–2.93, <i>P</i><.001; left: <i>t</i>=–2.25, <i>P</i>=.03) and the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) (right: <i>t</i>=–2.10, <i>P</i>=.045; left: <i>t</i>=–2.21, <i>P</i>=.04) while watching video 2. CONCLUSIONS Activities of the FPPFC and OFC were associated with symptom reduction after VR treatment for SAD. Our study findings might provide a clue to understanding the mechanisms underlying VR treatment for SAD. CLINICALTRIAL Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS) KCT0003854; https://tinyurl.com/559jp2kp

Evidence for alterations of the right inferior and superior longitudinal fasciculi in patients with social anxiety disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 1662 ◽  
pp. 16-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raşit Tükel ◽  
Cigdem Ulasoglu Yildiz ◽  
Erhan Ertekin ◽  
Elif Kurt ◽  
Ahmet Koyuncu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Social Anxiety Disorder ◽  
The Right

Social Anxiety and the Accuracy of Memory for Childhood Teasing Frequency

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-157
Author(s):  
Stephanie Waechter ◽  
Karen Rowa ◽  
Irena Milosevic ◽  
Philippe Shnaider ◽  
Martin M. Antony ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Social Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group Cbt

Adults’ recollections of how often they were teased as children are positively associated with their social anxiety symptoms. It has therefore been suggested that childhood teasing may play a role in the development of social anxiety disorder (SAD). However, existing studies have not determined whether adults with SAD were actually teased more as children or whether their current symptoms have distorted their memories of childhood events. This study examined reports of childhood teasing in adults with SAD before and after cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). If recollections of childhood teasing are colored by SAD symptoms, then reported frequency of teasing might be more likely to decrease as symptoms improve after CBT. However, if individuals’ memories of teasing are unbiased, they should not substantially change with the reduction of symptoms after CBT. Ninety-one participants with SAD completed the Teasing Questionnaire-Revised (TQ-R) before and after 12 sessions of group CBT. CBT was effective in reducing SAD symptoms, whereas recollections of the frequency of childhood teasing did not change significantly after treatment. These results are consistent with the possibility that recollections of childhood teasing are not substantially biased by symptoms of SAD, and they lend support to previous studies which suggest that adults with SAD endured higher frequencies of teasing as children compared to controls.

scholarly journals The temporal unfolding of face processing in social anxiety disorder — a MEG study

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 678-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Riwkes ◽  
Abraham Goldstein ◽  
Eva Gilboa-Schechtman
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Social Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Face Processing

Effect of Comorbid Depression on Cognitive Behavioural Group Therapy for Social Anxiety Disorder

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-64
Author(s):  
Joelle LeMoult ◽  
Karen Rowa ◽  
Martin M. Antony ◽  
Susan Chudzik ◽  
Randi E. McCabe
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Group Therapy ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Social Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Comorbid Depression ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Comorbid Depressive Disorder

AbstractMany individuals seeking treatment for social anxiety disorder (SAD) also meet criteria for a comorbid depressive disorder. Little is known, however, about how a comorbid depressive disorder affects social anxiety treatment. This study examined 61 participants with SAD and 72 with SAD and a comorbid depressive disorder (SAD+D) before and after 12 weeks of cognitive behavioural group therapy (CBGT) for social anxiety. Although patients with SAD+D reported more severe symptoms of social anxiety and depression at pretreatment, treatment was similarly effective for individuals with SAD and SAD+D. However, individuals with SAD+D continued to report higher symptom severity at post-treatment. Interestingly, CBGT for social anxiety also led to improvements in depressive symptoms despite the fact that depression was not targeted during treatment. Improvement in social anxiety symptoms predicted 26.8% of the variance in improvement in depressive symptoms. Results suggest that depressive symptoms need not be in remission for individuals to benefit from CBGT for social anxiety. However, more than 12 sessions of CBGT may be beneficial for individuals with comorbid depression.

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