scholarly journals The Basal Ganglia and Motor Control

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 107-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henk J. Groenewegen
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Functional Organization ◽  
Functional Anatomy ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Brain Functions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Selection Mechanisms ◽  
Selection Of

This paper briefly reviews the functional anatomy of the basal ganglia and their relationships with the thalamocortical system. The basal ganglia, including the striatum, pallidum, subthalamic nucleus, and substantia nigra, are involved in a number of parallel, functionally segregated cortical-subcortical circuits. These circuits support a wide range of sensorimotor, cognitive and emotional-motivational brain functions. A main role of the basal ganglia is the learning and selection of the most appropriate motor or behavioral programs. The internal functional organization of the basal ganglia is very well suited for such selection mechanisms, both in development and in adulthood. The question of whether clumsiness may be, at least in part, attributed to dysfunction of the basal ganglia is discussed in the context of the differential, complementary, or interactive roles of the basal ganglia and the cerebellum in the development of motor control.

The Bodily Self

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Luis Bermúdez
Keyword(s):  
Sense Of Self ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Self ◽  
Behavioral Sciences ◽  
Significant Contributor ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Physical Objects ◽  
Selection Of

How can we be aware of ourselves both as physical objects and as thinking, experiencing subjects? What role does the experience of the body play in generating our sense of self? What is the role of action and agency in the construction of the bodily self? These questions have been a rich subject of interdisciplinary debate among philosophers, neuroscientists, experimental psychologists, and cognitive scientists for several decades. José Luis Bermúdez been a significant contributor to these debates since the 1990’s, when he authored The Paradox of Self-Consciousness (MIT Press, 1998) and co-edited The Body and the Self (MIT Press, 1995) with Anthony Marcel and Naomi Eilan. The Bodily Self is a selection of essays all focused on different aspects of the role of the body in self-consciousness, prefaced by a substantial introduction outlining common themes across the essays. The essays have been published in a wide range of journals and edited volumes. Putting them together brings out a wide-ranging, thematically consistent perspective on a set of topics and problems that remain firmly of interest across the cognitive and behavioral sciences.

scholarly journals Towards Promising Platform by Using Annular Photonic Crystals to Simulate and Design Useful Mask

Photonics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 349
Author(s):  
Ayman A Ameen ◽  
Hussein A Elsayed ◽  
Sagr Alamri ◽  
Z.S. Matar ◽  
M. Al-Dossari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inner Core ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Irradiation Effect ◽  
Core Radius ◽  
Air Filtration ◽  
Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Novel Design

Human masks are considered the mainstay in air filtration and purification technologies and against the spreading of bacterial and viral infections. This paper introduces a novel design of a human mask to increase the ultraviolet germicidal irradiation effect on pathogens. The proposed design consists of a tube with an annular photonic crystal (APC) attached to the mask’s orifice, and a UV source is located in the tube’s center. The main role of this study is the enhancement of UV doses based on the reflectivity of the proposed APC. Therefore, increasing pathogens’ inactivation level in the incoming air to the mask’s orifice could be investigated. The numerical investigations demonstrated that the proposed APC could provide a complete photonic bandgap with a high reflectivity in the wavelength regime from 207 to 230 nm. In addition, we have considered the roles of the thickness of layers, inner core radius, and the azimuthal number. Meanwhile, the results showed the ability to use a wide range of core radius values without almost any variations in the optical properties of the proposed design. Such results could grant the advantage of using this design by the manufacturing of human masks with different sizes besides the inclusions in other ultraviolet germicidal irradiation applications.

Western Asia

2020 ◽  
pp. 513-539
Author(s):  
Carolyn Routledge
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Ancient Egypt ◽  
The State ◽  
Academic Disciplines ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Western Asia ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Selection Of

Since Flinders Petrie, the importance of Western Asia to the history and development of culture in ancient Egypt has been recognized by scholars and has also been a significant driver in shaping Egyptological methodology and theoretical approaches. The study of relations between Western Asia and Egypt encompasses a wide range of specialisms given the broad range of evidence, the geographical breadth, and the academic disciplines involved. This chapter reviews the history of the study of relations between Western Asia and Egypt pointing to a selection of challenges scholars face in undertaking their research, and examines two case studies: theories concerning the role of Western Asia in the rise of the state, and the assessment of Egypt’s New Kingdom Empire in Canaan to illustrate the ways in which scholarly challenges are met and the resulting historical conclusions.

scholarly journals The The abdominal muscles – a functional review

2007 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Puckree
Keyword(s):  
Animal Studies ◽  
Functional Organization ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Motor Units ◽  
Abdominal Muscles ◽  
Activation Patterns ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Speech Control ◽  
Human Function

The role of the abdominal muscles in human function as wellas their physiological mechanisms for these has been the subject of an increasing volume of reported research for more than 20 years. The abdominal muscles participate in a wide range of diverse functional tasks.These include breathing, postural stability, expulsive maneuvers and speech control.  To perform these functions effectively and often concurrently, based on demand, the muscles are anatomically, physiologically and biochemical suited. The idea that the abdominal muscles function as a unit  has been dispelled by many scientific reports. It is now known that they function differentially as individual muscles and also differentially at the motor unit level. Regional differences in the activation patterns of these muscles are also known. In addition the motor units within muscles are functionally organized to either subserve a specific function or more than one function. Knowledge of the functional organization of the abdominal muscles is critical to any rehabilitation process especially since rehabilitation is holistic and strives to achieve functional goals. This functional review is based on current scientific evidence for the multi functionality of all abdominal muscles. Literature based on animal studies  has been excluded as far as is possible.

Editorial: Taste of City, transnational food and place marketing

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-61
Author(s):  
Evinc Dogan ◽  
Ibrahim Sirkeci
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Place Marketing ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Migration Studies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Culinary Traditions ◽  
The University ◽  
Selection Of

In this special issue of Transnational Marketing Journal, we brought together a selection of articles drawn from presentations at the Taste of City Conference 2016: Food and Place Marketing which was held at the University of Belgrade, Serbia on 1st September 2016. We have supported the event along with Transnational Press London. We thank to Goran Petkovic, the Faculty of Economics at the University of Belgrade, and Goran’s volunteer students team who helped with the conference organisation. Mobilities are often addressed within social sciences varying across a wide range of disciplines including geography, migration studies, cultural studies, tourism, sociology and anthropology. Food mobilities capture eating, tasting, producing and consuming practices as well as traveling and transferring. Food and tastes are carried around the world, along the routes of mobility through out the history. As people take their own culture to the places, they take their food too. Food meets and mingles with other cultures on the way. Fusion food is born when food transcends the borders and mix with different ingredients from different culinary traditions. Although certain places are associated and branded with food, it is a challenging job to understand the role of food and taste in forming and reformulating the identity of places. 

The health role of smart home bathroom

BUILDER ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 284 (3) ◽  
pp. 48-51
Author(s):  
Anna Jaglarz
Keyword(s):  
Smart Home ◽  
Medical Visits ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Face ◽  
Intelligent Devices ◽  
Flow Of Information ◽  
Systematic Control ◽  
Selection Of

Social health awareness in the context of medical prophylaxis influences the current trends in the design of modern domestic bathrooms. The importance of the health role of the modern bathroom also results from the current social and economic situation around the world, resulting in the need for independent health control and the developing need for medical prophylaxis, taking care of immunity and psychophysical condition in the face of public health threats. Therefore, it was necessary to investigate the health factors in bathroom design based on research and analysis of literature and materials from foreign research institutes. The study concerned design possibilities in the selection of bathroom equipment elements enabling a wide range of comfort and supporting and monitoring the health of bathroom users. The research included a review and analysis of technologically advanced solutions, intelligent solutions, including Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, ensuring health prophylaxis in the home bathroom. The potential for the use of innovative technologies and the possibility of process control, easy flow of information in relation to the external environment (e.g. remote contact with a doctor) was indicated. The need for easy and intuitive use of intelligent devices was taken into account, as well as the possibility of independent, systematic control and protection of health without the need for stationary medical visits, with a view to time and safety of healthcare professionals and patients. The research results summarize the fields of medicine where smart bathroom appliances can create new opportunities to improve user health.

CHD proteins: a diverse family with strong tiesThis paper is one of a selection of papers published in this Special Issue, entitled 28th International West Coast Chromatin and Chromosome Conference, and has undergone the Journal's usual peer review process.

2007 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 463-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Adam Hall ◽  
Philippe T. Georgel
Keyword(s):  
Peer Review Process ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Multiple Roles ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Helicase Domain ◽  
Structural Domains ◽  
Potential Activity ◽  
Or Gene ◽  
Selection Of

Chromodomain/helicase/DNA-binding domain (CHD) proteins have been identified in a variety of organisms. Despite common features, such as their chromodomain and helicase domain, they have been described as having multiple roles and interacting partners. However, a common theme for the main role of CHD proteins appears to be linked to their ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling activity. Their actual activity as either repressor or activator, and their cell or gene specificity, is connected to their interacting partner(s). In this minireview, we attempt to match the members of the CHD family with the presence of structural domains, cofactors, and cellular roles in the regulation of gene expression, recombination, genome organization, and chromatin structure, as well as their potential activity in RNA processing.

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