scholarly journals Geometry of Texture Measurements for Dispersive Methods

1981 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerzy Szpunar
Keyword(s):  
Orientation Distribution ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Ray Method ◽  
Texture Measurement ◽  
X Ray ◽  
External Stresses ◽  
Temperature Time ◽  
Ray Methods ◽  
The Ideal

The application of energy-dispersive neutron and X-ray methods in texture studies is briefly reviewed and discussed. New geometries of texture measurement using energy-dispersive methods with stationary counters and specimen are suggested. Depending on the number of counters the experimental data can be sufficient for the orientation distribution function (ODF) or the ideal orientations determination. Coarse-grained materials can be studied not only by neutron diffraction but also by using the energy-dispersive X-ray method. Studies of texture changes under the influence of temperature, time and external stresses can also be conducted conveniently. The energy-dispersive X-ray method may readily be adapted to industrial texture control.

The Influence of Errors of X-Ray Texture Measurements on ODF Calculation with Central Normal Distribution Approximation

2005 ◽  
Vol 495-497 ◽  
pp. 273-276
Author(s):  
T.M. Ivanova ◽  
H.U. Lubman ◽  
T.I. Savyolova ◽  
Vladimir Serebryany
Keyword(s):  
Normal Distribution ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Orientation Distribution ◽  
Pole Density ◽  
Hexagonal Symmetry ◽  
Ray Method ◽  
Texture Measurement ◽  
Crystal Direction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pole Figures

Experimental pole figures are measured by x-ray method for materials with hexagonal symmetry (Ti and Mg alloys). The Orientation Distribution Function is calculated by approximation method with central normal distribution. Texture inhomogeneities and effects of defocusing are the main sources of pole density errors. The measurement errors depend on crystal direction {hkl} and are different for maximum and minimum regions on pole figure. The influence of texture measurement errors on accuracy of the ODF calculation is investigated.

An X-ray method for studying orientation of micaceous minerals in shales, clays, and similar materials

1953 ◽  
Vol 30 (220) ◽  
pp. 71-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. Brindley
Keyword(s):  
Bedding Plane ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Ray Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Sedimentary Deposits ◽  
Degree Of Orientation ◽  
Similar Materials ◽  
Ray Methods ◽  
Microscopic Techniques

Micaceous minerals, such as the micas, the chlorites, and most clay minerals, usually develop as thin lamellae parallel to the crystallographic basal plane (001). In sedimentary deposits these lamellae tend to lie parallel to the bedding plane and in slates parallel to the cleavage. Their degree of orientation is likely to vary with the conditions of formation of the material, and in the case of slates Bates (1947) has shown that it is closely related to their fissility. In relatively coarse-grained materials the degree of orientation may be studied directly by suitable microscopic techniques, but with fine-grained materials X-ray methods must be used, and even with coarser-grained materials the use of X-ray methods may have advantages, especially if a scanning technique, such as that described by Thewlis and Pollock (1950), is employed.

New Principles of the Substructure Development in Metal Materials under Plastic Deformation, Revealed by Advanced X-Ray Methods

2004 ◽  
Vol 443-444 ◽  
pp. 259-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuriy Perlovich ◽  
Margarita Isaenkova
Keyword(s):  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Residual Deformation ◽  
Ray Method ◽  
Computer Data ◽  
Rolled Material ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pole Figures ◽  
Metal Materials ◽  
First Time ◽  
Ray Methods

The substructure inhomogeneity of real textured metal materials was studied by use of the X-ray method of Generalized Pole Figures and the computer data treatment. Main regularities of substructure inhomogeneity were revealed for the first time. Substructure conditions of grains in rolled material form an extremely wide spectrum and vary by passing from texture maxima to texture minima, where residual deformation effects are most significant. The distribution of residual elastic microstrains in the orientational space of rolled material shows the distinct system.

Distributions of Domain Size, Lattice Distortion and Dislocation Density in Tubes of Zr-Based Alloys Studied by a Method Combining X-Ray Line Profile Analysis with Texture Measurements

2004 ◽  
Vol 443-444 ◽  
pp. 255-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuriy Perlovich ◽  
Margarita Isaenkova
Keyword(s):  
Dislocation Density ◽  
Lattice Distortion ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Domain Size ◽  
Line Profile Analysis ◽  
Ray Method ◽  
Texture Measurement ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pole Figures ◽  
Line Analysis

The distributions of substructure parameters for tubes of Zr-based alloys were constructed by use of the X-ray method of Generalized Pole Figures, combining X-ray line analysis and texture measurement. Obtained distributions cover α-Zr crystallites of all orientations and give the fullest description of substructure features of the studied tubes. The interconnection of different substructure parameters are analyzed.

Recrystallization of Cold-Rolled Zr Single Crystals

2013 ◽  
Vol 753 ◽  
pp. 275-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarita Isaenkova ◽  
Yuriy Perlovich ◽  
Nikolay Krapivka ◽  
Vladimir Fesenko ◽  
Olga Krymskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystals ◽  
Line Profile ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Commercially Pure ◽  
Cold Rolled ◽  
Ray Methods

Recrystallization of rolled Zr single crystals is considered in comparison with analogous recrystallization processes in rolled coarse-grained iodide Zr and polycrystalline plates of commercially pure Zr. Diffractometric X-ray methods were used by texture and X-ray line profile measurements. The treatment of obtained data included construction of correlation diagrams, connecting as-rolled and recrystallized conditions of samples. A number of recrystallization mechanisms, operating in rolled α-Zr under annealing, were revealed on the basis of found regularities of texture changes.

Synchrotron texture analysis with area detectors

2003 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 1040-1049 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.-R. Wenk ◽  
S. Grigull
Keyword(s):  
Texture Analysis ◽  
Standard Technique ◽  
Orientation Distribution ◽  
Polycrystalline Materials ◽  
Texture Measurement ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Texture Information ◽  
Reconstruction Methods ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
Wide Range

The wide availability of X-ray area detectors provides an opportunity for using synchrotron radiation based X-ray diffraction for the determination of preferred crystallite orientation in polycrystalline materials. These measurements are very fast compared to other techniques. Texture is immediately recognized as intensity variations along Debye rings in diffraction images, yet in many cases this information is not used because the quantitative treatment of texture information has not yet been developed into a standard technique. In special cases it is possible to interpret the texture information contained in these intensity variations intuitively. However, diffraction studies focused on the effects of texture on materials properties often require the full orientation distribution function (ODF) which can be obtained from spherical tomography analysis. In cases of high crystal symmetry (cubic and hexagonal) an approximation to the full ODF can be reconstructed from single diffraction images, as is demonstrated for textures in rolled copper and titanium sheets. Combined with area detectors, the reconstruction methods make the measurements fast enough to study orientation changes during phase transformations, recrystallization and deformationin situ, and even in real time, at a wide range of temperature and pressure conditions. The present work focuses on practical aspects of texture measurement and data processing procedures to make the latter available for the growing community of synchrotron users. It reviews previous applications and highlights some opportunities for synchrotron texture analysis based on case studies on different materials.

Distribution of Dislocation Density in Tubes from Zr-Based Alloys by X-Ray Data

2005 ◽  
Vol 105 ◽  
pp. 89-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarita Isaenkova ◽  
Yuriy Perlovich
Keyword(s):  
Dislocation Density ◽  
Domain Size ◽  
Ray Method ◽  
Coherent Domain Size ◽  
Texture Measurement ◽  
Burgers Vector ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pole Figures ◽  
Coherent Domain

As applied to tubes from Zr-based alloys, the X-ray method was developed to determine the dislocation density distribution in a-Zr depending on the orientation of Burgers vector. The method consists in registration of X-ray line profiles by each successive position of the sample in the course of diffractometric texture measurement using reflections of two orders, the following determination of coherent domain size and lattice distortion by means of the Warren-Averbach method for each orientation of reflecting planes, separate calculation of the density of c- and a-dislocations with all possible orientations of Burgers vector and presentation of results in generalized pole figures. Obtained data testify that the dislocation density varies within very wide intervals of several orders of magnitude depending on the grain orientation both in as-rolled and annealed tubes. Features of the constructed dislocation distributions are closely related to the crystallographic texture of studied tubes.

scholarly journals Die Kristallstruktur des Cyano-Elpasoliths [N(CH3)4]2CsFe(CN)6 / The Crystal Structure of the Cyano Elpasolite [N(CH3)4]2CsFe(CN)6

1982 ◽  
Vol 37 (12) ◽  
pp. 1534-1539 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Babel
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
The Other ◽  
Methyl Groups ◽  
Orientational Disorder ◽  
Space Group ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ray Methods ◽  
The Ideal

The crystal structure of the cubic compound [N(CH3)4]2CsFe(CN)6 was determined by X-ray methods: a = 2527.4(6) pm, space group Fd3c, Z = 32, Rg = 0.028 (260 independent single crystal reflections). The resulting distances within the practically undistorted Fe (CN)63- - octahedron are Fe-C = 193.4(6) and C-N = 115.7(7) pm. Compared to the ideal elpasolite structure of space group Fm3m, Z = 4, the octahedra are rotated by 7.4° through their 3 axis. This is discussed as caused by steric requirements of the tetramethylammonium groups (N-C = 148.4(10) and 149.1(38) pm, resp.). Three quarters of them, of which also the hydrogen positions could be located, are well oriented. The remaining quarter shows orientational disorder to approach similar contact distances as the other N(CH3)4+ ion exhibits between the methyl groups and the nitrogen ends of the anions

AN X-RAY METHOD FOR THE STUDY OF "BOUND WATER" IN HYDROPHILIC COLLOIDS AT LOW TEMPERATURES

1935 ◽  
Vol 13b (4) ◽  
pp. 218-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Barnes ◽  
W. F. Hampton
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Bound Water ◽  
New Method ◽  
Ray Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Methods Of Analysis ◽  
Gelatin Gels ◽  
Ray Methods

A new method for the study of hydrophilic colloids by the application of X-ray methods of analysis to the frozen gels is described. The possibilities of the method and its limitations are shown by a qualitative study of the amount, and variation with temperature, of the so-called "bound" water in gelatin gels over the temperature range − 3° to − 50 °C.

Inhomogeneous Distribution of Dislocation Density as Manifestation of Multiscale Structure in Tubes from Zr - Based Alloys

2003 ◽  
Vol 779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuriy Perlovich ◽  
Margarita Isaenkova
Keyword(s):  
Dislocation Density ◽  
Domain Size ◽  
Nuclear Industry ◽  
Ray Method ◽  
Coherent Domain Size ◽  
Texture Measurement ◽  
Burgers Vector ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pole Figures ◽  
Coherent Domain

AbstractAn X-ray method was developed to determine the dislocation density in metal materials as a distribution depending on the orientation of Burgers vector. The method includes registration of X-ray line profiles by each successive position of the sample in the course of diffractometric texture measurement using reflections of two orders, the following determination of coherent domain size and lattice distortion by means of the Warren-Averbach method for each orientation of reflecting planes, separate calculation of the density of c- and a-dislocations with all possible orientations of Burgers vector and presentation of results in the generalized pole figures. The method was used to determine the dislocation density in tubes of Zr-based alloys for nuclear industry. Obtained data show, that the dislocation density varies within very wide interval of several orders of magnitude depending on the grain orientation both in as-rolled and annealed tubes. Features of the dislocation distribution in tubes are closely related to their crystallographic texture.

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