Can Dietary and Physical Activity Modifications Reduce Breast Density in Postmenopausal Women? The DAMA Study, a Randomized Intervention Trial in Italy

AbstractChronic low-grade inflammation plays a role in the pathogenesis of several chronic diseases including cancer. Physical activity (PA) and diet have been supposed to modulate inflammatory markers. We evaluated the effects of a 24-month dietary and/or PA intervention on plasma levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, a secondary analysis in the DAMA factorial trial. The 234 study participants (healthy postmenopausal women with high breast density, 50–69 years, non smokers, no hormone therapy) were randomised to four arms: (1) isocaloric dietary intervention mainly based on plant-foods; (2) moderate-intensity PA intervention with at least 1 h/week of supervised strenuous activity; (3) both interventions; (4) general recommendations on healthy dietary and PA patterns. Interleukins (IL)-1α, -1β, -6, tumor necrosis factor-α and C-reactive protein were measured at baseline and at the end of the intervention. Intention-to-treat-analyses were carried out using Tobit regression. Although all cytokines tended to increase over time, after 24 months women in the PA intervention (arms 2 + 3) showed lower levels of IL-1α (exp(β) = 0.66; p = 0.04) and IL-6 (exp(β) = 0.70; p = 0.01) in comparison with women in the control group (arms 1 + 4). No effects of the dietary intervention emerged. In healthy postmenopausal women with high breast density a moderate-intensity PA appears to slow the age-related increase of pro-inflammatory cytokines.

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Effects of the Healthy Start randomized intervention trial on physical activity among normal weight preschool children predisposed to overweight and obesity

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0185266 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (10) ◽

pp. e0185266 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Mina Nicole Händel ◽

Sofus Christian Larsen ◽

Jeanett Friis Rohde ◽

Maria Stougaard ◽

Nanna Julie Olsen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Preschool Children ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Healthy Start ◽

Intervention Trial ◽

Randomized Intervention

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Effects of isomaltulose and high amounts of PUFAs together with elevated physical activity on subjects with a moderate metabolic risk profile before and after a 6-weeks randomized lifestyle intervention trial

Diabetologie und Stoffwechsel ◽

10.1055/s-0037-1601782 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (S 01) ◽

pp. S1-S84

Author(s):

S Metz ◽

S Kabisch ◽

AFH Pfeiffer

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Lifestyle Intervention ◽

Risk Profile ◽

Metabolic Risk ◽

Intervention Trial ◽

Before And After

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Randomized intervention trial to decrease bisphenol A urine concentrations in women: pilot study.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.726858830.793525098 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Paul Terry ◽

Jiangang Chen

Keyword(s):

Pilot Study ◽

Bisphenol A ◽

Intervention Trial ◽

Randomized Intervention ◽

Urine Concentrations

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Moderate Consumption of Beer (with and without Ethanol) and Menopausal Symptoms: Results from a Parallel Clinical Trial in Postmenopausal Women

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13072278 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 2278

Author(s):

Marta Trius-Soler ◽

María Marhuenda-Muñoz ◽

Emily P. Laveriano-Santos ◽

Miriam Martínez-Huélamo ◽

Gemma Sasot ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Postmenopausal Women ◽

Study Groups ◽

Menopausal Symptoms ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Intervention Trial ◽

Hormone Profile ◽

Perimenopausal Symptoms ◽

Main Food Source

The menopausal transition can be a challenging period for women’s health and a trigger of uncomfortable symptoms. Beer is the main food source of isoxanthohumol, a precursor of 8-prenylnaringenin, the strongest phytoestrogen identified to date. As phytoestrogens are reported to reduce perimenopausal symptoms, we evaluated if a daily moderate consumption of beer with (AB) and without alcohol (NAB) could improve menopausal symptoms and modify cardiovascular risk factors. A total of 37 postmenopausal women were enrolled in a parallel controlled intervention trial and assigned to three study groups: 16 were administered AB (330 mL/day), 7 NAB (660 mL/day), and 14 were in the control group. After a 6-month follow-up of the 34 participants who finished the trial, both interventions (AB and NAB) significantly reduced the severity of the menopause-related symptoms (p-value AB vs. Control: 0.009; p-value NAB vs. Control: 0.033). Moreover, AB had a beneficial net effect on psychological menopausal discomforts compared to the control group. As the sex hormone profile did not differ significantly between the study groups, the effects of both types of beers (AB and NAB) are attributed to the non-alcoholic fraction of beer. Furthermore, moderate NAB consumption improved the lipid profile and decreased blood pressure in postmenopausal women.

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Effects of a 1-Year Physical Activity Intervention on Markers of Hemostasis among Breast Cancer Survivors: A Randomized Controlled Trial

TH Open ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1721782 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 05 (01) ◽

pp. e14-e23

Author(s):

Siv Kjølsrud Bøhn ◽

Inger Thune ◽

Vidar Gordon Flote ◽

Hanne Frydenberg ◽

Gro Falkenér Bertheussen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Physical Activity ◽

Postmenopausal Women ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Physical Activity Intervention ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Factor Vii ◽

Breast Cancer Patients ◽

Hemostatic Factors

Abstract Introduction Physical activity may reduce the development of breast cancer. Whereas hypercoagulability has been linked to adverse outcomes in breast cancer patients, the effects of physical activity on their hemostatic factors are unknown. The study aimed to assess whether long-term (1 year) physical activity can affect hemostatic factors in breast cancer patients. Methods Fifty-five women (35–75 years) with invasive breast cancer stage I/II were randomized to a physical activity intervention (n = 29) lasting 1 year or to a control group (n = 26), and analyzed as intention to treat. Fibrinogen, factor VII antigen, tissue factor pathway inhibitor, and von Willebrand factor (VWF) antigen as well as prothrombin fragment 1 + 2, the endogenous thrombin potential and D-dimer, were measured in plasma before intervention (baseline), and then after 6 and 12 months. Results Maximal oxygen uptake (measure of cardiorespiratory fitness) decreased the first 6 months among the controls, but remained stable in the intervention group. We found no significant differences between the two study groups regarding any of the hemostatic factors, except a significantly higher increase in factor VII antigen in the intervention group. The effect of the intervention on VWF was, however, significantly affected by menopausal stage, and a significant effect of the intervention was found on VWF among postmenopausal women, even after adjustment for dietary intake. Conclusion Long-term physical activity had no effect on the majority of the hemostatic factors measured, but led to increased plasma concentrations of factor VII antigen and prevented an increase in VWF concentration after breast cancer treatment in postmenopausal women. The clinical impact of these findings for risk of vascular thrombosis warrants further studies.

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