Natural History of Serum Immunoglobulin Concentrations in Low Birth Weight Infants and Association with Respiratory Tract Infections

The main aim of the study to assess the risk factors and management of lower respiratory tract infections in the department of pediatrics and PICU, RIMS Hospital, Kadapa. Method: A prospective observational study was conducted for a period of six months from July 2018 – December 2018. Data was analyzed for patient’s demographics, risk factors, clinical complications and management. Results: A total of 120 patient’s data was collected in duration of 6 months, out of which 85 were male and 35 were female. The maximum number of patients (89) were within the age group 1month-1year (Infants).105 patients were of pneumonia followed by Bronchiolitis 15. The most commonly seen risk factors were anemia followed by Low birth weight and pollution from biomass fuels etc. No clinical complications and mortality were reported. Most commonly prescribed drugs were Ceftriaxone, Amikacin and syrup Ambroxol and supportive therapy was given. Conclusion: Major risk factors found were Anemia, low birth weight, pollution from biomass fuels, overcrowding, lack of breast feeding, under nutrition. To conclude, our study clearly highlighted various risk factors, incidence of various Lower respiratory tract infections, complications and mortality if any and management of various Lower respiratory tract infections.

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Respiratory tract infections in children with allergic asthma on allergen immunotherapy during influenza season

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-81558-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yuyun Li ◽

Dongming Wang ◽

Lili Zhi ◽

Yunmei Zhu ◽

Lan Qiao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Tract ◽

Allergic Asthma ◽

Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

Allergen Immunotherapy ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Influenza Season ◽

The Body ◽

History Of ◽

Tract Infections ◽

Stage 1

AbstractTo describle how respiratory tract infections (RTIs) that occurred in children with allergic asthma (AA) on allergen immunotherapy (AIT) during an influenza season. Data including clinical symptoms and treatment history of children (those with AA on AIT and their siblings under 14 years old), who suffered from RTIs during an influenza season (Dec 1st, 2019–Dec 31st, 2019), were collected (by face to face interview and medical records) and analyzed. Children on AIT were divided into 2 groups: stage 1 (dose increasing stage) and stage 2 (dose maintenance stage). Their siblings were enrolled as control. During the study period, 49 children with AA on AIT (33 patients in stage 1 and 16 patients in stage 2) as well as 49 children without AA ( their siblings ) were included. There were no significant differences in occurrences of RTIs among the three groups (p > 0.05). Compared with children in the other two groups, patients with RTIs in stage 2 had less duration of coughing and needed less medicine. Children on AIT with maintenance doses had fewer symptoms and recovered quickly when they were attacked by RTIs, which suggested that AIT with dose maintenance may enhance disease resistance of the body.

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683 NATURAL HISTORY OF RICKETS AND FRACTURES IN VERY LOW BIRTH WEIGHT (VLBW) INFANTS DURING INFANCY

Pediatric Research ◽

10.1203/00006450-198504000-00713 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

pp. 224A-224A

Author(s):

Winston W K Koo ◽

Alan Oestreich ◽

Reginald C Tsang ◽

Roberta Sherman ◽

Jean Steichen

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Natural History ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Very Low Birth Weight ◽

Vlbw Infants ◽

History Of

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Cytomegalovirus infection in low-birth-weight infants with acute respiratory tract disease.

The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine ◽

10.1620/tjem.158.221 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 158 (3) ◽

pp. 221-226 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

YUSAKU TAZAWA ◽

MASAAKI YAMADA ◽

KEN ITO ◽

SHINGI NAKAE ◽

SHUNZO HAYAMIZU ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Respiratory Tract ◽

Cytomegalovirus Infection ◽

Respiratory Tract Disease ◽

Low Birth Weight Infants ◽

Tract Disease

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Long term respiratory outcomes following solid organ transplantation in children: a retrospective cohort study.

10.22541/au.163255287.73643413/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Marie Wright ◽

Mark Chilvers ◽

Tom Blydt-Hansen

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Tract ◽

Organ Transplantation ◽

Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

Solid Organ Transplantation ◽

Solid Organ ◽

Respiratory Complications ◽

History Of ◽

Tract Infections ◽

Respiratory Outcomes

Background Solid organ transplantation (SOT) has become commonly used in children and is associated with excellent survival rates into adulthood. Data regarding long-term respiratory outcomes following pediatric transplantation are lacking. We aimed to describe the prevalence and nature of respiratory pathology following pediatric heart, kidney, and liver transplant, and identify potential risk factors for respiratory complications. Methods Retrospective review involving all children under active follow-up at the provincial transplant service in British Columbia, Canada, following SOT. Results Of 118 children, 33% experienced respiratory complications, increasing to 54% in heart transplant recipients. Chronic or recurrent cough with persistent chest x-ray changes was the most common clinical picture, and most infections were with non-opportunistic organisms typically found in otherwise healthy children. A history of respiratory illness prior to transplant was significantly associated with risk of post-transplant respiratory complications. 8% were diagnosed with bronchiectasis, which was more common in recipients of heart and kidney transplant. Bronchiectasis was associated with recurrent hospital admissions with lower respiratory tract infections, treatment of acute rejection episodes, and treatment with sirolimus. Interpretation Respiratory morbidity is common after pediatric SOT, and bronchiectasis rates were disproportionately high in this patient group. We hypothesise that this relates to recurrent infections resulting from iatrogenic immunosuppression. Direct pulmonary toxicity from immunosuppression drugs may also be contributory. A high index of suspicion for respiratory complications is needed following childhood SOT, particularly in those with a history of respiratory disease prior to transplant, experiencing recurrent or severe respiratory tract infections, or exposed to intensified immunosuppression.

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Assessment of weight and height of patients with primary immunodeficiency disorders and group of children with recurrent respiratory tract infections.

10.21203/rs.2.10386/v2 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Karolina Pieniawska-Śmiech ◽

Kamil Bar ◽

Mateusz Babicki ◽

Karol Śmiech ◽

Aleksandra Lewandowicz-Uszyńska

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Respiratory Tract ◽

Primary Immunodeficiency ◽

Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

Physical Growth ◽

Control Group ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Tract Infections ◽

Recurrent Respiratory Tract Infections

Abstract Background Primary immunodeficiences (PIDs) are a group of chronic, serious disorders in which the immune response is insufficient. In consequence, it leads to an increased susceptibility to infections. Up to date, there are about 300 different disorders classified in that group. There are also patients suffering from recurrent respiratory tract infections (RRTI), however that group doesn't present any abnormalities in terms of conducted immunological tests. Many factors, including medical, can have an impact on physical development of a child. Data such as birth weight and length, also weight, height, BMI during admission to the hospital were collected from 207 patients' medical histories from their hospitalization at Clinical Immunology and Paediatrics ward of J.Gromkowski Hospital in Wrocław. Investigated groups included patients with PIDs, RRTI and a control group of healthy children. Our purpose was to evaluate the physical growth of children with primary immunodeficiency (PID) and children with recurrent respiratory tract infections (RRTI) by assessment of their height and weight. All of parameters were evaluated using centile charts suitable best for the Polish population. Results The lowest mean birth weight and height was found among the PIDs patients group. Children with PIDs during hospitalization had statistically relevant lower mean weight than the control group and almost 20% of them had their height situated below 3rd percentile. No statistically relevant differences have been found between them and RRTI group. The statistically significant difference was between the nutritional status of PID patients and the control group. Conclusions There is a higher percentage of PID patients with physical growth abnormalities in comparison to healthy children. Our findings indicate a need for further investigation of immune system irregularities and their influence on physical growth of children.

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Upper respiratory tract infections, including influenza

10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0128 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Pippa Newton

Keyword(s):

Natural History ◽

Respiratory Tract ◽

Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

Upper Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

Upper Respiratory Tract ◽

Type B ◽

Parainfluenza Viruses ◽

Upper Respiratory ◽

Tract Infections ◽

Human Parainfluenza Viruses

Infections of the nasal cavity, sinuses, pharynx, epiglottis, and larynx are termed upper respiratory tracts infections. These include acute coryza, pertussis, sinusitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, epiglottitis, laryngitis, laryngotracheobronchitis, and influenza. Rhinoviruses and coronaviruses account for the majority of acute coryzal illnesses. Acute sinusitis (<4 weeks duration) is also usually viral in origin. About 70% of pharyngitis and tonsillitis cases are viral in etiology. Haemophilus influenzae (Type B) is responsible for most cases of epiglottitis. Acute laryngitis and laryngotracheobronchitis are usually caused by human parainfluenza viruses. This chapter focuses on upper respiratory tract infections, including their etiology, symptoms, demographics, natural history, complications, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment.

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