Estimation of Body Composition and Normal Fluid Status Using a Calf Bioimpedance Technique

The aims of this study in hemodialysis (HD) patients were: 1. To evaluate the relationship of calf bioimpedance with total body composition and fluid status as measured by gold standard methods. 2. To investigate the ability of calf normalized resistivity (CNR) to predict the normal fluid status (dry weight: DW) in a prospective study. In the body composition study (n = 41), fluid status (ECVBr/FFMMRI), muscle mass (MMMRI), and total adipose tissue (TATMRI) were measured by dilution (D2O and Br) and MRI methods three hours prior to HD treatment. Calf extracellular and intracellular resistance, resistivity, and CNR were measured with a multi-frequency bioimpedance device (Hydra 4200). In the fluid status study (n = 32 with 429 measurements), a nonlinear model based on the differences in CNR between patients and healthy subjects was established to predict DWcBIS previously determined by a separate continuous calf bioimpedance spectroscopy (cBIS) method. CNR significantly correlated with a gold standard hydration marker (ECVBr/FFMMRI). Calf body composition models were highly correlated with MMMRI (R2 = 0.85) and TATMRI (R2 = 0.85). DWcBIS prediction was validated with a CNR model in the degree of differences of 0.94 ± 0.18, 0.39 ± 0.7 and -0.02 ± 0.8 kg from DWcBIS when post HD fluid overload was 1.8 ± 1.2, 1.15 ± 0.8 and 0.54 ± 0.5 kg, respectively. These differences are not considered to be clinically significant. Conclusion: This practical method of calf bioimpedance is useful to predict body composition and normal fluid status in dialysis patients.

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P1185LUNG COMETS AND EVALUATION OF HYDRATION STATUS IN PERITONEAL DIALYSIS PATIENTS

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation ◽

10.1093/ndt/gfaa142.p1185 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽

Author(s):

Robert Ekart ◽

Lucijan Lucic Srajer ◽

Katharina Marko ◽

Nina Hojs ◽

Sebastjan Bevc ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Peritoneal Dialysis ◽

The Body ◽

Whole Body ◽

Fluid Distribution ◽

Hydration Status ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Fluid Status ◽

Multifrequency Bioimpedance ◽

Dialysis Vintage

Abstract Background and Aims Assessment of optimal hydration status in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a challenge. Multiple diagnostic options to determine hydration status in PD patients are available. Multifrequency bioimpedance spectroscopy (MBIS) is a cheap, simple and non-invasive method of estimating body composition, including estimates of total body water (TBW), extracellular water (ECW), intracellular water (ICW) and the ratio between both spaces (ECW/ICW). Lung ultrasonography (LUS) and lung B-lines (lung comets) can be used for the evaluation of extravascular lung water. Ultrasound evaluation of inferior vena cava (UIVC) provides rapid, non-invasive assessment of a patient's hemodynamic and volume status. N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) is related to fluid status and fluid distribution. The aim of our study was to assess fluid status in PD patients comparing four different methods: MBIS, LUS, UIVC and NT-proBNP. Method We performed a single-centre cohort study in 19 PD patients. The body composition was measured using the portable whole-body MBIS device, Body Composition Monitor-BCM(®) (Fresenius Medical Care, Bad Homburg, Germany), LUS with portable US device (VScan, General Electrics Corporate), UIVC index with SonoSite US device. NT-proBNP was measured in a one-step sandwich chemiluminescent immunoassay (Dimension Vista® System 1500, Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Inc., Newark, NJ, USA). Results The mean age of patients was 54 ± 10 years, mean dialysis vintage 53 (10-194) months, 63% were men. Thirteen (68.4%) patients had fluid overload (FO) > 1.1 L. Data of patients are presented in table 1. We found a statistically significant correlation between the number of lung comets and ECW/ICW ratio (r = 0.496, P = 0.031) and NT-proBNP (r = 0.759, P < 0.0001). In contrast, there was no significant correlation between the number of lung comets and UIVC (r = 0.221, P < 0.364). Conclusion According to our results, LUS with lung comets, MBIS with ECW/ICW ratio and NT-proBNP are useful and complementary methods for evaluation of fluid status in PD patients.

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SP419USEFULNESS OF THE BODY COMPOSITION MONITOR IN SETTING DRY WEIGHT AT AN INITIATION OF HAEMODIALYSIS

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation ◽

10.1093/ndt/gfw170.26 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 31 (suppl_1) ◽

pp. i231-i231

Author(s):

Shin Fukunaga ◽

Kazuhiro Yamada ◽

Akiko Baba ◽

Yuji Sato ◽

Shouichi Fujimoto

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Dry Weight ◽

The Body ◽

Body Composition Monitor

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Use of the Body Composition Monitor for Fluid Status Measurements in Subjects with High Body Mass Index

Nephron ◽

10.1159/000446193 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 133 (3) ◽

pp. 163-168 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

David Keane ◽

Paul Chamney ◽

Stefanie Heinke ◽

Elizabeth Lindley

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Composition ◽

Body Mass ◽

High Body Mass Index ◽

The Body ◽

High Body ◽

Fluid Status ◽

Body Composition Monitor

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Interaction of Low pH and starvation on Body Weight and Composition of Young-of-Year Smallmouth Bass (Micropterus dolomieui)

Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences ◽

10.1139/f86-107 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 43 (4) ◽

pp. 869-876 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

G. L. Cunningham ◽

B. J. Shuter

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Ph Effect ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Field Studies ◽

Low Ph ◽

Smallmouth Bass ◽

The Body ◽

Wild Fish ◽

Moderate Increase ◽

Micropterus Dolomieui

Effects of overwinter starvation on the body composition of young-of-year smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieui) were examined in laboratory and field studies. Interactive effects of starvation and low pH on body composition were examined in the laboratory. Changes in body composition associated with starvation were similar in laboratory and field studies: on a dry weight basis, the amount of water, ash, Ca, K, and Na increased progressively in both laboratory and wild fish. The amount of Cl per unit dry weight showed a moderate increase in the laboratory fish and a large decline in the wild fish. The effects on starving fish of 6-wk chronic exposures to nonlethal pH levels of 4.0–7.0 were examined in the laboratory. No pH effect was noted for levels greater than 5.0. Losses of water, ash, Ca, K, Cl, and Na increased as the pH declined. There was no consistent effect of pH on rate of loss of ash-free organic matter. The results suggest that starvation may reduce the tolerance of young smallmouth bass to low pH through progressive weakening of the osmoregulatory system.

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P0612UTILITY OF BODY COMPOSITION MONITORING (BCM) TO CORRELATE FLUID STATUS AND AKI IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING MAJOR CARDIAC SURGERY AND OUTCOMES

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation ◽

10.1093/ndt/gfaa142.p0612 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽

Author(s):

Rajeevalochana Parthasarathy ◽

Madhusri Babu ◽

Merina Alex ◽

Preethi Nagesh ◽

Milly Mathew ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Kidney Injury ◽

Body Composition ◽

Cardiac Surgery ◽

Informed Consent ◽

Fluid Overload ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Extracellular Volume ◽

Kidney Injury ◽

The Body ◽

Fluid Status

Abstract Background and Aims Technically assisted assessment of volume status before cardiac surgery may be useful to direct intraoperative fluid administration. Using a three-compartment physiologic tissue model, the body composition monitor (BCM, In Body) measures total body fluid volume, extracellular volume, intracellular volume and fluid overload as surplus or deficit of ‘normal’ extracellular volume. Fluid overload is a risk factor for infection, increased re intubation rates, pneumonia and acute kidney injury in these high risk patients. This study is planned to use BCM to assess fluid status in patients undergoing cardiac surgery and correlating it with the risk of AKI AIMS: To do BCM analysis of patients undergoing major cardiac surgery to assess fluid status and renal outcomes Primary Objective To use BCM to assess fluid status in patients undergoing cardiac surgery and correlate it with the risk of acute kidney injury Secondary Objectives To assess the correlation of fluid status obtained by BCM to assess 1. In hospital mortality in patients with and without AKI Method The studyis being conducted at Madras Medical Mission, Chennai. Time period : 1 year ( June 1 2019- May 31 2020) Inclusion criteria All consecutive patients above 18 years of age undergoing cardiac surgery Exclusion criteria 1. No informed consent 2. Patients having metal implants, pace makers 3. Pregnant and lactating mothers After informed consent, all adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery will have a BCM analysis done by the dietician .( Free of Charge) The BCM analysisInbody S10) will be done on Day 0( preoperative), Day 2 and Day 5 . Data will be collected according to a set proforma ( Attached) . Analysis will be performed using the SPSS platform. Results In this pilot study, 134 patients who underwent major cardiac surgery were enrolled. Of these 44 patients developed AKI as defined by KDIGO criteria( 22 Stage 1, 15 stage 2, and 7 stage 3). There was no statistical significance in the baseline characteristics when compared to age, gender, htn, ckd between patients with and without aki. Overhydration as measured by ECW/TBW ration of > 0.38 was significantly higher on day 2 and 5 in patients who developed AKI .(P<0.00, All 44 patients in aki versus 40 in the non aki group). The PBF, ICW, BMI nad overall BCM score was higher in patient with AKI ( p<0.00). 7 patients required RRT( 6 SLED and 1 Acute PD). There was 1 death in theAKI group. The mean duration of hospital stay was longer ( 14 +/- 5 vs 7 +/- 3.5 ) in the AKI grroup Conclusion There is not much data on BCM and fluid assessment in cardiac surgery patients. These patients have many risk factors and a failing heart and associated renal dysfunction in many makes it very difficult to guide volume therapy in these patients. Many of the so called standard objective measures in assessing volume are not fool- proof . This study will be one of the firsts from India to assess fluid status in these patients and help in guiding therapy and also knowing the outcomes of such an objective measurement

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MO913BODY COMPOSITION EVALUATED BY BIOIMPEDANCE IN FRAIL PATIENTS ON HEMODIALYSIS

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation ◽

10.1093/ndt/gfab102.0014 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Álvaro Álvarez López ◽

Barbara Cancho Castellano ◽

Cristina López Arnaldo ◽

Rosa Maria Diaz Campillejo ◽

Elena Garcia de Vinuesa Palo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Physiological Role ◽

Venous Catheter ◽

Dry Weight ◽

The Elderly ◽

The Body ◽

Positive Trend ◽

Continuous Variables ◽

Clinical Scale ◽

Cross Sectional

Abstract Background and Aims Frailty is known as a biological syndrome of decreased reserves and resistance to stress, with a decline of multiple physiological systems, causing vulnerability. Its prevalence ranges from 10-80 %. The etiopathogenesis is multifactorial, based on the loss of muscle mass associated with aging or sarcopenia. Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a model of accelerated aging, with impaired physical function, frailty and cognitive decline. The main theorical frameworks on frailty are the one advocated by Linda Fried, in which she develops a phenotype as a risk situation for developing disability and one advocated by Kennet Rockwood which establishes that frailty consists of addition of various health conditions including comorbidity and disability. Our objective was to evaluate frailty in stage 5 CKD in haemodialysis, measured by clinical scale and to relate it to the body composition measured by bioimpedance. Method Cross-sectional study in 40 subjects with CKD in hospital haemodialysis, 70.5±13.03 years, 62.5% male. 40% Diabetic Nephropathy, 10% Glomerulopathies, 7.5% Nephroangiosclerosis, 2.5% Chronic Tubule-Interstitial Nephropathies, 32.5% Unknow, 2.5% Others. 35% arteriovenous fistula, 10% arteriovenous graft, 55% central venous catheter. Hemodialysis type: 40% High Flux, 45% Online postdilutional Haemodiafiltration, 10% Acetate Free Biofiltration. Fragility was measured by the Rockwood clinical scale: not fragile (1-4), moderately fragile (5-6) and severely fragile (7-9). Body composition was estimated by monofrequency bioimpedance measurement. Chi-Cuadrado was used to study differences between dichotomous variables and ANOVA for continuous variables. Spearman correlation´s was used to examinate the intensity of association between two quantitative variables. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 13.0. Results 42.5% of the subjects presented a degree of fragility ≥5, severely fragile 27.5%. The results are shown in the Tables 1 and 2. Conclusion The degree of frailty is greater in the elderly. Measurement of body composition by bioimpedance can be useful to indirectly asses frailty. The phase angle could be an indicator of fragility, since in more fragile subjects its value decreases, its physiological role remains to be elucidated. There is a positive trend to an increase in extracellular water in more fragile subjects, keeping the subjects in their dry weight, so it will be necessary to evaluate what is due.

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Body composition of piglets exhibiting different growth rates

Archives Animal Breeding ◽

10.5194/aab-55-356-2012 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 55 (4) ◽

pp. 356-363 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

A. D. Mitchell ◽

T. G. Ramsay ◽

T. J. Caperna ◽

A. M. Scholz

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Body Weight ◽

Bone Mineral Content ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Mineral Content ◽

Growing Pigs ◽

The Body ◽

Body Composition Measurement ◽

Total Body ◽

Highly Correlated

Abstract. The growth and composition of the neonatal pig is of interest because of potential impact on subsequent growth and finally, composition at market weight. The purpose of this study was to compare at weaning the growth and body composition of the largest and smallest pigs from each of 38 litters. At weaning (27±1.7 d) the largest (9.3±1.1 kg) and smallest (6.2±1.5 kg) pigs were selected for body composition measurement by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The body composition of the largest pigs consisted of 38 % more fat, 32 % more lean, and 29 % more bone mineral content (P<0.001). However, when expressed as a percentage of body weight, there was no difference in the fat, lean or bone mineral content content of the two groups of pigs (P>0.05). A second study consisted of 12 pairs of pigs from 8 litters that were selected on the basis of having the same birth weight, but one pig out gaining the other by at least 50 g/day. At 21 days of age the selected pigs were scanned by DXA. For both groups combined, the correlation (r) between body weight and lean mass was 0.99, between body weight and fat mass it was 0.87, and between body weight at birth and body weight at weaning it was 0.56. The results of these studies revealed that, at weaning, the fastest and slowest growing pigs had similar proportions of fat, lean and bone mineral and, consistent with previous results, the rates of both fat and lean deposition were highly correlated (P<0.001) with total body growth rate.

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Measurement of changes in body composition of piglets from birth to 4 kg using quantitative magnetic resonance (QMR)*

Archives Animal Breeding ◽

10.5194/aab-55-64-2012 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 55 (1) ◽

pp. 64-71 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. D. Mitchell ◽

T. G. Ramsay ◽

A. M. Scholz

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Body Growth ◽

The Body ◽

Coefficient Of Determination ◽

Neonatal Pigs ◽

Quantitative Magnetic Resonance ◽

The Mean ◽

Total Body ◽

Highly Correlated

Abstract. The purpose of this study was to use quantitative magnetic resonance (QMR) to measure changes in the body composition of piglets during growth from birth to 4 kg body weight. Using QMR, 60 pigs were scanned an average of 5 times starting at 2.7±1.3 days of age (1.95 kg) and finally at 13.1±4.3 days (4.14 kg). Regression analysis revealed that the rates of total body growth and fat and lean deposition were linear throughout this period. Subsequently, a second group of 235 pigs (109 males and 126 females) were scanned twice, first at 2.7±1.2 days of age and then at 13.4±3.1 days of age. The mean (±SD) rate of total body growth was 230±57 g/day. The rates of fat and lean deposition were 40±13 g/day and 191±52 g/day, respectively. The rates of both fat and lean deposition were highly correlated (P<0.001) with total body growth rate (R2=0.81 and 0.93, respectively) and the coefficient of determination between the rates of fat and lean deposition was 0.71 (P<0.001). The results of this study demonstrate that QMR is a useful method for measuring changes in body composition in neonatal pigs. Furthermore, the results indicate that during the period of growth from birth to 4 kg, the rates of both fat and lean deposition are linear and highly correlated with total body growth.

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Body Composition at Menarche: The Frisch-Revelle Hypothesis Revisited

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.56.3.449 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 56 (3) ◽

pp. 449-458 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

John D. Crawford ◽

David C. Osler

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Body Fat ◽

Gonadal Dysgenesis ◽

The Body ◽

Growth Spurt ◽

Tall Stature ◽

Critical Weight ◽

Simple Obesity ◽

Total Body ◽

Highly Correlated

Figures for height and weight and derived values for total body water and fat were assembled for groups of girls with a variety of disorders to examine their conformity to the hypothesis of Frisch and Revelle that menarche occurs at a "critical" weight associated with a decline in metabolic rate and achievement of a characteristic body composition. The groups examined included girls with unusually tall stature, central idiopathic precocity, precocity associated with hypothyroidism, girls with hypothyroidism but lacking signs of sexual maturation, one group with gonadal dysgenesis, and another of girls with obesity. Girls with tall stature significantly exceeded the "critical" weight of 47.8 kg before achieving menarche but had onset of menses in accordance with the body composition hypothesis. The body composition of girls with idiopathic sex precocity was altered toward that at menarche of normals although the patients were much smaller and younger. The same trend was exaggerated in girls in whom precocity was associated with hypothyroidism; equally hypothyroid girls showing no signs of adolescent development had body compositions similar to those of age-matched controls. Girls with gonadal dysgenesis showed an alteration in body composition paralleling that of normals between the ages when the latter begin the pubertal growth spurt and achieve menarche. Girls under 8 years of age with simple obesity had an even greater percentage of body fat than normal menarchal girls but showed no signs of puberty. It is concluded that menarche is not necessarily triggered by achievement of a critical body weight or lowering of metabolism. Neither are the rising levels of estrogen in adolescence solely responsible for the characteristic increase in body fat. Only the data on girls with obesity failed to accord with the generalization that, when the ovaries are competent, menarche is highly correlated ated with achievement of a characteristic body composition. The observations, particularly in gonadal dysgenesis, suggest the pituitary gonadotropins may play a role in determining body composition at menarche.

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