Deep Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism in Acute Myocardial Infarction

2015 ◽  
pp. 113-119
Author(s):  
P. Niederle ◽  
I. Prerovsk� ◽  
J. šimonov� ◽  
V. št�dlerov� ◽  
M. Riedel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Deep Venous Thrombosis

Fibrinolytic drugs in acute myocardial infarction

1988 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 45-48
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Deep Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Myocardial Necrosis ◽  
Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Tissue Plasminogen ◽  
Activator Complex

Fibrinolytic drugs have been used with varying degrees of enthusiasm for treating various thrombotic disorders including deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.1,2 Recently, the use of fibrinolysis in acute myocardial infarction has come to the fore. Streptokinase and two new fibrinolytic drugs (Anisoylated Plasminogen Streptokinase Activator Complex - APSAC, and Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activator - rTPA) have been investigated and shown to achieve reperfusion of thrombosed coronary arteries, so reducing myocardial necrosis. Only streptokinase and APSAC have been shown to decrease mortality, and then only if they are given soon after the onset of symptoms.

Frequency of Myocardial Infarction, Pulmonary Embolism, Deep Venous Thrombosis, and Death following Primary Hip or Knee Arthroplasty

2002 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 1140-1146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Wood ◽  
Carlos B. Mantilla ◽  
Terese T. Horlocker ◽  
Darrell R. Schroeder ◽  
Daniel J. Berry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Deep Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Perioperative Complications ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
Diagnostic Certainty ◽  
Contemporary Practice

Background There is limited information about the frequency of perioperative complications after elective primary orthopedic total hip and knee arthroplasty in contemporary practice. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of clinically relevant myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism, deep venous thrombosis, and death within 30 days after elective primary hip or knee arthroplasty treated according to contemporary perioperative management. Methods The authors examined the medical records of consecutive patients undergoing hip or knee arthroplasty at their institution in a 10-yr period. Prospectively collected databases were used to identify patients with the diagnosis of myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism, deep venous thrombosis, or death using strict validation criteria and diagnostic-certainty categories. Results A total of 10,244 patients underwent primary total hip or knee arthroplasty in the period of study. Of these, 224 patients had one or more adverse events (overall event rate: 2.2%; myocardial infarction: 0.4%; pulmonary embolism: 0.7%; deep venous thrombosis: 1.5%; death: 0.5%). Most adverse events (myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism, and death) increased in frequency with older age, particularly for patients aged 70 yr or older. Myocardial infarction occurred more frequently in male patients. There were no differences in the overall event frequency between types of procedure. However, pulmonary embolism was highest in patients undergoing bilateral knee operations. Conclusions The overall frequency of serious complications within 30 days after primary total hip or knee arthroplasty with contemporary practice was 2.2%. Accurate knowledge of the perioperative risks associated with widely performed elective operations can be used to implement management strategies that may further improve patient outcomes and decrease cost.

The Incidence of Deep Venous Thrombosis in Patients with an Acute Myocardial Infarction Treated with Acenocoumarol or Indobufen

1982 ◽  
Vol 48 (02) ◽  
pp. 222-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
S H A Peters ◽  
J J C Jonker ◽  
A C de Boer ◽  
G J H den Ottolander
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Deep Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Prognostic Index ◽  
Impedance Plethysmography ◽  
Antiplatelet Drug ◽  
Bleeding Complications ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Significant Difference

SummaryIn a randomized double blind clinical trial, we compared indobufen, an antiplatelet drug, with acenocoumarol for the prevention of deep venous thrombosis (D. V. T.) in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Therapy was started on admission and continued for 10 days. All patients were screened daily with impedance plethysmography (I.P.G.) and 125I-fibrinogen leg scanning. Diagnosis of D.V.T. was made when either one or both tests became positive. 74 patients were randomized to treatment with indobufen (200 mg b.i.d.) and 76 patients to acenocoumarol (controlled by thrombotest). The incidence of venous thrombosis in patients with indobufen was 11% and in those treated with acenocoumarol 9%. Major bleeding was observed in 2 patients treated with acenocoumarol. In the indobufen group, no bleeding complications or other serious side-effects were observed. The majority of patients developed thrombosis after the first week of admission. For patients with and without thrombosis, there was no significant difference between the two treatment groups concerning the age, the coronary prognostic index, the maximum C.P.K. value, mobility, incidence of congestive heart failure and the site or extent of the infarct. In this study no clinical or laboratory (fibrinogen, platelet count and anti-thrombin III) parameter, either alone or in combination, was of predictive value for the development of D.V.T. It can be concluded that indobufen appears to be as good as acenocoumarol for the prevention of D.V.T. in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Because it is safe and easy to administer, indobufen seems to be preferable. Prophylaxis is required for at least 10 days.

Age- and sex-specific incidence, risk, and latency period of a perioperative acute thromboembolism syndrome (PATS)

2004 ◽  
Vol 91 (04) ◽  
pp. 725-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomosue Takada ◽  
Shigehito Sato ◽  
Mutsuhito Kikura
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Deep Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Latency Period ◽  
Percent Confidence Interval ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Incidence Risk

SummaryWe investigated age- and sex-specific incidence, risk factors, and latency period of a perioperative acute thromboembolism syndrome (PATS) in a large cohort study. We prospectively analyzed data on 21903 consecutive surgery patients to determine the incidence of myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism, deep venous thrombosis, stroke, and cardiovascular death within 30 postoperative days. Among 255 (1.2 percent) patients with thromboembolism, 105 (0.48 percent) suffered myocardial infarction (mean latency: 5 days), 30 (0.14 percent) suffered pulmonary embolism (6 days), 23 (0.11 percent) suffered deep venous thrombosis (10 days), 97 (0.44 percent) suffered stroke (11 days), and 13 (0.06 percent) died (12 days). The critical period was postoperative week 1 for myocardial infarction and pulmonary embolism, and postoperative week 1 and 2 for deep venous thrombosis, stroke, and death. Risk of all events increased with age (P<0.0001), particularly for over 70 years (odds ratio: 12.5; 95 percent confidence interval, 7.8 to 19.9). Males had an increased risk (P<0.0001) of myocardial infarction (odds ratio; 1.5; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.0 to 2.3). Females had an increased risk (P<0.0001) of pulmonary embolism (odds ratio: 2.7; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.3 to 5.9) and deep venous thrombosis (odds ratio: 9.8; 95 percent confidence interval, 3.3 to 29.3). Risk of thromboembolic event was higher (P<0.0001) in patients with a history of arterial thrombotic events or cancer. Trend analysis indicates that thromboembolic events will increase 3-fold over the next decade. Our findings enable identification of higher risk patients for prophylactic anti-thromboembolic treatment and awareness of the critical postoperative period.

Value of Low Dose Heparin in Prevention of Deep Venous Thrombosis After Acute Myocardial Infarction

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.F. Cade
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Deep Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Cardiac Failure ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Medical Patients ◽  
Dose Heparin ◽  
Coronary Care ◽  
Low Dose Heparin

Low-dose heparin has become widely used in the prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism in surgical patients but its use in medical patients is less well established. In particular, the reported incidence of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has varied considerably, as has its response to low-dose heparin prophylaxis. In 94 patients admitted with a provisional diagnosis of AMI, treatment was allocated randomly and blindly as either heparin 5,000 U subcutaneously twice daily or placebo. DVT was diagnosed by daily 125-I fibrinogen leg scanning. DVT occurred in 10% of control patients and in 3% of treated patients. All DVT’s occurred in patients with subsequently proven AMI (68% of admissions) in whom the incidence was 19% in those untreated and 5% in those treated. DVT was more common in patients with cardiac failure (14%) than in those without (3%). There was no difference in incidence of DVT between patients with or without clinically significantly arrhythmias or hypotension. Multivariate analysis combining these factors failed to improve the prediction of DVT. It is concluded that patients admitted for acute Coronary Care are a relatively low risk group for DVT. Minidose heparin appears to be warranted only in those with proven AMI and cardiac failure.

Perforation of inferior vena cava during filter placement

VASA ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piecuch ◽  
Wiewiora ◽  
Nowowiejska-Wiewiora ◽  
Szkodzinski ◽  
Polonski
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Inferior Vena Cava ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Deep Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Inferior Vena ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Retroperitoneal Hematoma ◽  
Ivc Filter ◽  
Filter Placement ◽  
Therapeutic Method

The placement of an inferior vena cava (IVC) filter is a therapeutic method for selected patients with deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. However, insertion and placement of the filter may be associated with certain complications. For instance, retroperitoneal hematoma resulting from perforation of the wall by the filter is such a very rare but serious complication. We report the case of a 64-year-old woman with perforation of the IVC wall and consecutive hematoma caused by the filter who was treated surgically.

High Antibody Levels to Prothrombin Imply a Risk of Deep Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism in Middle-aged Men

1997 ◽  
Vol 78 (04) ◽  
pp. 1178-1182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timo Palosuo ◽  
Jarmo Virtamo ◽  
Jari Haukka ◽  
Philip R Taylor ◽  
Kimmo Aho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Deep Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Index Number ◽  
Thromboembolic Events ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Phospholipid Binding ◽  
Antiprothrombin Antibodies

SummaryAntibodies against phospholipid-binding plasma proteins, such as β2-glycoprotein I (β2-GPI) and prothrombin, are associated with thromboembolic events in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and also in subjects with no evident underlying diseases. We wanted to examine whether increased levels of antibodies to negatively-charged phospholipids (cardiolipin), to phospholipid-binding plasma proteins β2-GPI and prothrombin and to oxidised low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were associated with risk of deep venous thrombosis or pulmonary embolism in subjects with no previous thrombosis. The antibodies were measured in stored serum samples from 265 cases of deep venous thrombosis of the lower extremity or pulmonary embolism occurring during a median follow-up of about 7 years and from 265 individually matched controls. The study subjects were middle-aged men participating in a cancer prevention trial of alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene and the cases of thromboembolic events were identified from nationwide Hospital Discharge Register.The risk for thrombotic events was significantly increased only in relation to antiprothrombin antibodies. As adjusted for body mass index, number of daily cigarettes and history of chronic bronchitis, myocardial infarction and heart failure at baseline, the odds ratio per one unit of antibody was 6.56 (95% confidence interval 1.73-25.0). The seven highest individual optical density-unit values of antiprothrombin antibodies were all confined to subjects with thromboembolic episodes.In conclusion, the present nested case-control study showed that high autoantibody levels against prothrombin implied a risk of deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism and could be involved in the development of the thrombotic processes.

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