Removal of Bilirubin with a New Adsorbent System: In Vitro Kinetics

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 10-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Gemelli ◽  
Aurora Cuoghi ◽  
Stefania Magnani ◽  
Mauro Atti ◽  
Davide Ricci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Dysfunction ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
In Vitro Experiments ◽  
Liver Support ◽  
Artificial Liver Support ◽  
Bilirubin Adsorption ◽  
In Vitro Kinetics ◽  
Adsorbent System

Background/Aims: Many potentially toxic molecules accumulate in the blood during hepatic dysfunction. In clinical practice, it is very difficult to remove bilirubin, the most widely studied toxin, and particularly the unconjugated form, strongly albumin-bound. The aim of this in vitro study was to assess irreversible bilirubin adsorption as a protein-bound compound marker, using Cytosorb® (Cytosorbents Corp.), a new hemoadsorption device designed to remove cytokines. Methods: We performed 4 in vitro experiments, dynamic and static, with different albumin-bilirubin solutions. Results: All experiments showed the resin’s ability to break the albumin-bilirubin complex (Experiment 1, 2), leading to efficient bilirubin removal for 24 h (Removal Rate: 90% Experiment 3) with minimal albumin loss. No sign of bilirubin release from the charged resin was detected (Experiment 4). Conclusion: Cytosorb® seems a promising artificial liver support, thanks to its ability to adsorb bilirubin and its proven ability to modulate the cytokines involved in hepatic dysfunction.

Studies of Adsorbents for Hemoperfusion in Artificial Liver Support. I. Preparation and in Vitro Studies of Cross-Linked Agarose Beads Entrapped Activated Charcoal (CAAC)

1981 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 200-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.X. Xu ◽  
X.J. Tang ◽  
Z. Niu ◽  
Z.M. Li
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Artificial Liver ◽  
Liver Support ◽  
Artificial Liver Support ◽  
Agarose Beads

A new method for the preparation of the cross-linked agarose beads entrapped activated charcoal (CAAC) is reported. Since the agarose-encapsulated adsorbents reported elsewhere cannot stand high temperature for sterilization, the CAAC has the advantage of thermal stability to withstand autoclave at 121°C. for ½ hour without breaking up or melting. A further advantage of CAAC is that the adsorbent has a much better consistency with good mechanical strength and elasticity, so that it can be formed into beads of a diameter less than 1 mm. This will not only give a better adsorption capacity than larger beads, but can also assure a better blood flow than soft beads which usually interfere in hemoperfusion due to compacting and sludging. Preliminary investigations indicate that the CAAC is relatively hemocompatible.

Biochemical Assessment and Clinical Evaluation of a Non-Ionic Adsorbent Resin in Patients with Intractable Jaundice

2000 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 312-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Pazzi ◽  
R. Scagliarini ◽  
A.C. Puviani ◽  
G. Lodi ◽  
E. Morsiani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acids ◽  
Human Plasma ◽  
Serum Bile Acid ◽  
Liver Support ◽  
Artificial Liver Support ◽  
Healthy Donors ◽  
Severe Jaundice ◽  
Biochemical Assessment

We investigated in vitro and in vivo the ability of a non-ionic adsorbing resin (styrenedivinylbenzene copolymer) to remove bilirubin and bile acids from human plasma. In preliminary experiments, human plasma from healthy donors, enriched in conjugated bile acids and bilirubin, and pooled plasma from jaundiced patients were recirculated through the resin column. The removal of bilirubin and bile acids was evaluated at two different flow rates (200 ml/min and 40 ml/min), and compared to an activated charcoal column. Four patients with severe jaundice were subsequently treated by 4-hour plasmaperfusion through the resin. The in vitro studies showed that after 1 hour the removal of bile acids was almost complete and bilirubin level decreased significantly, reaching a plateau after 4 hours. In the in vivo study, all treatments were well tolerated. After plasmaperfusion, serum bile acid levels decreased by 64.9–94.6% and total bilirubin by 35.3–57.7%. No clinical or biochemical side effects were observed. Our data suggest that plasmaperfusion through this resin is safe and efficient for removal of bilirubin and bile acids in jaundiced patients. Thus, it may serve as a method of artificial liver support in the treatment of cholestatic syndromes.

Comparative Evaluation of Different Membranes for the Construction of an Artificial Liver Support System

1997 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Qiang ◽  
Y. Yaoting ◽  
L. Hongyin ◽  
H. Klinkmann
Keyword(s):  
Hepatoma Cell ◽  
Hepatoma Cell Line ◽  
Artificial Liver ◽  
Human Hepatoma Cell ◽  
Liver Support ◽  
Artificial Liver Support ◽  
Liver Support System ◽  
Extracorporeal Liver Support ◽  
Hepatocyte Growth

During the past decades, many technological improvements have been made in the construction of extracorporeal liver support systems. Among these achievements, membranes of artificial capillary system, used as substrates of hepatocyte growth, aroused our interest in their application for the construction of bioreactors. The present paper studied the comparison of hepatocyte growth and function on six different membranes. Four of them are cellulose based membranes, Cuprophan, Hemophan, Cellulose acetate, and Bioflux; two are synthetic polymer SPAN and Polysulphone. Human hepatoma cell line SMMC-7721, with moderately differentiated hepatocyte-specific functions, was inoculated into the hollow fiber cartridges. These cells were allowed to attach and to grow over these membranes. It was found that there existed differences in hepatocyte immobilization and growth among these membranes. They influenced the growth and functions of hepatoma cells in vitro to some extent. These results show that membrane is an important factor in the construction of capillary membrane bioreactors for artificial liver support.

scholarly journals LINC01116 facilitates colorectal cancer cell proliferation and angiogenesis through targeting EZH2-regulated TPM1

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Weijie Liang ◽  
Jie Wu ◽  
Xinguang Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Tube Formation ◽  
In Vitro Experiments ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
In Vivo Experiments ◽  
Tumor Tissues

Abstract Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignant tumor globally. Meanwhile, LINC01116 has been proposed as risk factor for various tumors, including CRC. But the regulation of LINC01116 in CRC required more validated data. This study aimed to elucidate the potential function of LINC01116 in regulating cell proliferation and angiogenesis of CRC. Methods LINC01116 expression in 80 pairs of CRC tumor and adjacent non-tumor tissues was determined by qRT-PCR. After transfection of pcDNA3.1-LINC01116, sh-LINC01116, sh-TPM1, pcDNA3.1-EZH2 or sh-EZH2 in SW480 and HCT116 cells, the levels of LINC01116, TPM1 and EZH2 were measured by qRT-PCR or Western blot. The cell biological function of CRC cell lines was determined by CCK-8, colony formation assays, tube formation and scratch assays. RNA pull-down and RIP assays were applied to detect the binding of LINC01116 with EZH2 and H3K27me3. Binding of EZH2 to the TPM1 promoter was assessed by ChIP assay. Finally, xenograft models in nude mice were established to validate the results of in vitro experiments. Results LINC01116 was overexpressed in CRC tissues and high expression of LINC01116 was negatively correlated with postoperative survival. In vitro study showed LINC01116 expression could significantly enhance CRC progression, including increasing cell proliferation, migration and angiogenesis. Besides, investigations into the mechanism disclosed that LINC01116 could regulate EZH2 to inactivate TPM1 promoter, thus promoting CRC cell proliferation and angiogenesis. Moreover, consistent results of in vivo experiments were conformed in vitro experiments. Conclusion LINC01116 promotes the proliferation and angiogenesis of CRC cells by recruiting EZH2 to potentiate methylation in the TPM1 promoter region to inhibit the transcription of TPM1.

Albumin Apheresis for Artificial Liver Support: In Vitro Testing of a Novel Filter

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-409
Author(s):  
Tomasz Piatek ◽  
Joanna Giebultowicz ◽  
Marieke Rüth ◽  
Horst-Dieter Lemke ◽  
Florian Bonn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Testing ◽  
Artificial Liver ◽  
Liver Support ◽  
Artificial Liver Support

Leukocyte removal efficiency of cell-washed and unwashed whole blood: an in vitro study

Perfusion ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 335-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
M J ten Brinke ◽  
P W Weerwind ◽  
S Teerenstra ◽  
J CM Feron ◽  
W van der Meer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Leukocyte Depletion ◽  
Porcine Blood ◽  
Significant Difference

Leukocyte filtration of the cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) perfusate after cardiac surgery has evolved as an important technique to prevent effector functions mediated by activated leukocytes. However, little is known about the filtration efficiency. Therefore, an in vitro study was conducted to define the leukocyte removal rate of a transfusion leukocyte-depletion filter, using cell-washed and unwashed whole porcine blood. In addition, the influence of different cell-washing protocols on the elimination rate of blood cells (leukocytes and platelets) was investigated. Fresh, diluted, pooled, heparinized, porcine blood was processed using either a high-flow (HF, n-5) or quality-wash (QW, n-5) protocol on a continuous auto-transfusion system, or was left unprocessed (control n-5). Thereafter, all samples were filtered using a transfusion leukocyte-depletion filter. Blood samples for measurement of hematocrit, white blood cell count, including leukocyte differentiation and platelet count, were taken before and after filtration. To compare the experimental groups, the removal rate was presented as the fraction of leukocytes or platelets removed per plasma volume. Cell washing significantly altered the fraction of leukocytes removed per plasma volume when compared to unprocessed blood (2.07 and 2.36 in the HF and QW groups, respectively, versus 1.34 in the control group, p-0.008 for both). No statistically significant difference in leukocyte removal rate was observed between the different cell-washing protocols. The leukocyte differential count showed that, during all experiments, the neutrophils were removed most efficiently (99.7%). Overall, significantly more platelets were depleted after cell washing compared to the control group (1.47 and 1.60 in the HF and QW groups, respectively, versus 1.12 in the control group, p-0.008 and 0.032, respectively). Furthermore, the amount of blood that could be filtered using a single pass technique did not significantly differ between the experimental groups. However, a larger variation in the total amount of filtered blood was observed in the unprocessed group (5709/398 mL) compared to the cell-washed groups (3609/42 and 4309/97 mL in the HF and QW groups, respectively). In conclusion, blood processing with an auto-transfusion system significantly enhances the leukocyte and platelet removal efficiency of the transfusion leukocyte-depletion filter that was studied. In particular, neutrophils were efficiently removed.

scholarly journals Endonuclease increases efficiency of osteoblast isolation from murine calvariae

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yosuke Asano ◽  
Yoshinori Matsumoto ◽  
Jose La Rose ◽  
Fang He ◽  
Takayuki Katsuyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
In Vitro Experiments ◽  
Isolated Cells ◽  
Cellular Identity ◽  
And Function ◽  
Number Of Cells

AbstractBone is a highly dynamic organ that undergoes remodeling equally regulated by osteoblast-mediated bone formation and osteoclast-mediated bone resorption. To clarify the regulation of osteoblastogenesis, primary murine osteoblasts are required for an in vitro study. Primary osteoblasts are isolated from neonatal calvariae through digestion with collagenase. However, the number of cells collected from one pup is not sufficient for further in vitro experiments, leading to an increase in the use of euthanized pups. We hypothesized that the viscosity of digested calvariae and digestion solution supplemented with collagenase results in cell clumping and reduction of isolated cells from bones. We simply added Benzonase, a genetically engineered endonuclease that shears all forms of DNAs/RNAs, in order to reduce nucleic acid-mediated viscosity. We found that addition of Benzonase increased the number of collected osteoblasts by three fold compared to that without Benzonase through reduction of viscosity. Additionally, Benzonase has no effect on cellular identity and function. The new osteoblast isolation protocol with Benzonase minimizes the number of neonatal pups required for an in vitro study and expands the concept that isolation of other populations of cells including osteocytes that are difficult to be purified could be modified by Benzonase.

INCREASED EXTRA DOMAIN-A CONTAINING FIBRONECTIN AND HEPATIC DYSFUNCTION DURING SEPTIC RESPONSE: AN IN VIVO AND IN VITRO STUDY

Shock ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 492-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sohei Satoi ◽  
Hiroaki Kitade ◽  
Yoshifumi Hiramatsu ◽  
A-Hon Kwon ◽  
Hakuo Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Dysfunction ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study

scholarly journals ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POTENTIAL PROBIOTIC YEASTS FROM DIFFERENT SOURCES

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilanjana Das ◽  
Mangala Lakshmi Ragavan
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Bile Salt ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Probiotic Properties ◽  
Cholesterol Removal ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Different Sources

objective The main objective of the present study is to isolate yeasts from different environmental sources to investigate their potential probiotic characteristics.Methods Appropriate in vitro assays has been conducted to examine their probiotic potentiality, such as acid and bile salt tolerance, temperature resistance, stimulated GIT tolerance, cell adhesion and cholesterol removal. All the yeast isolates were tested under in vitro conditions.Results In the present study, 20 yeast species have been isolated from different sources, screened and their desirable probiotic properties viz. pH tolerance, bile salt tolerance and thermo-tolerance have been evaluated. Screened yeast isolates treated with gastric juices showed increased survival rate above 60%. A further in vitro study investigates cholesterol removal and it showed increased cholesterol removal rate up to 92%. Exopolysaccharide production was estimated for selected yeast isolates and applications are under investigation.Conclusion Among 20 yeast isolates, 5 isolates showed increased growth under stress tolerance. It can be concluded that the screened yeast isolates LM, MR, GOI, GII2 and WI can serve as promising probiotics in various fields of food industry.Key words:  Acid tolerance; bile tolerance, cholesterol removal, probiotics, yeast.

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