Cooling on Photovoltaic Panel Using Forced Air Convection Induced by DC Fan

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 526 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.R. Amelia ◽  
Y.M. Irwan ◽  
M. Irwanto ◽  
W.Z. Leow ◽  
N. Gomesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cooling System ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Energy Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Optimum Number ◽  
Back Side ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Photovoltaic Panel ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Pv Panel ◽  
Cooling Mechanism

<span>Photovoltaic (PV) panel is the heart of solar system generally has a low energy conversion efficiency available in the market. PV panel temperature control is the main key to keeping the PV panel operate efficiently. This paper presented the great influenced of the cooling system in reduced PV panel temperature. A cooling system has been developed based on forced convection induced by DC fan as cooling mechanism. DC fan was attached at the back side of PV panel will extract the heat energy distributed and cool down the PV panel. The working operation of DC fan controlled by PIC18F4550 microcontroller which depending on the average value of PV panel temperature. Experiments were performed with and without cooling mechanism attached at the backside PV panel. The whole PV system was subsequently evaluated in outdoor weather conditions. As a result, it is concluded that there is an optimum number of DC fans required as cooling mechanism in producing efficient electrical output from a PV panel. The study clearly shows how cooling mechanism improves the performance of PV panel at the hot climatic weather. In short, the reduction of PV panel temperature is very important to keep its performance operated efficiently.</span>

scholarly journals Cooling on Photovoltaic Panel Using Forced Air Convection Induced by DC Fan

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 526 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.R. Amelia ◽  
Y.M. Irwan ◽  
M. Irwanto ◽  
W.Z. Leow ◽  
N. Gomesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cooling System ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Energy Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Optimum Number ◽  
Back Side ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Photovoltaic Panel ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Pv Panel ◽  
Cooling Mechanism

<span>Photovoltaic (PV) panel is the heart of solar system generally has a low energy conversion efficiency available in the market. PV panel temperature control is the main key to keeping the PV panel operate efficiently. This paper presented the great influenced of the cooling system in reduced PV panel temperature. A cooling system has been developed based on forced convection induced by DC fan as cooling mechanism. DC fan was attached at the back side of PV panel will extract the heat energy distributed and cool down the PV panel. The working operation of DC fan controlled by PIC18F4550 microcontroller which depending on the average value of PV panel temperature. Experiments were performed with and without cooling mechanism attached at the backside PV panel. The whole PV system was subsequently evaluated in outdoor weather conditions. As a result, it is concluded that there is an optimum number of DC fans required as cooling mechanism in producing efficient electrical output from a PV panel. The study clearly shows how cooling mechanism improves the performance of PV panel at the hot climatic weather. In short, the reduction of PV panel temperature is very important to keep its performance operated efficiently.</span>

scholarly journals Influences of Hybrid Cooling Mechanism through PV System under Solar Simulator Testing

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 213
Author(s):  
Y.M. Irwan ◽  
A.R. Amelia ◽  
M. Irwanto ◽  
W.Z. Leow ◽  
Z. Syafiqah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Solar Simulator ◽  
Pv Panel ◽  
Hybrid Cooling ◽  
Cooling Mechanism ◽  
The Impact

An increasing efficiency of the solar system can be improved by using hybrid cooling mechanism. This paper presents the impact of hybrid cooling mechanism on PV panel under indoor testing with varying solar intensity. Thus, the fabrication of a solar simulator for indoor testing reacts as the space solar radiation is described. The performance of PV panel which attached to a hybrid cooling mechanism compared with PV panel without cooling mechanism under variation of average solar radiation. Experimental tests were carried out for various average solar radiations by varying the number of lamps and/or the lamp-to-area distance. Without altering the spectral distribution, the characteristic of current-voltage of PV panel was analysed under average solar radiation which varied from 202 W/m<sup>2</sup> to 1003 W/m<sup>2</sup>. As the result, the PV panel with hybrid cooling system explored to generate more power output with decreasing in PV panel temperature. About 15.79 % increment of power output generated by PV panel with cooling at maximum average solar radiation. Furthermore, the PV panel temperature also can be decreased about 10.28 % respectively. The combination of DC fan and water pump as cooling mechanism plays an important role in generating efficient power output from PV panel.

scholarly journals Bi-fluid cooling effect on electrical characteristics of flexible photovoltaic panel

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
Nurul Shahirah Rukman ◽  
Ahmad Fudholi ◽  
Putri Adia Utari ◽  
Cheku Nurul Aisyah ◽  
Andri Joko Purwanto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Solar Panel ◽  
Electrical Characteristics ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Photovoltaic Panel ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Cooling Mechanism ◽  
Fluid Cooling ◽  
Water Mass Flow Rate

A photovoltaic (PV) system integrated with a bi-fluid cooling mechanism, which is known as photovoltaic thermal (PVT) system, was investigated. The electrical characteristics of flexible solar panel were evaluated for PV and PV with bi-fluid (air and water) cooling system. The integration of monocrystalline flexible solar panel into both systems was tested under a fixed solar radiation of 800 W/m2. A total of 0.04–0.10 kg/s of air flow was utilised in PV with cooling system with a fixed water mass flow rate of 0.025 kg/s. The efficiencies of flexible panel for PV and PV with cooling system were explored. For PV with bi-fluid flow, the highest obtained efficiency of module was 15.95% when 0.08 kg/s of air and 0.025 kg/s of water were allowed to flow through the cooling system. Compared with PV without cooling mechanism, the highest efficiency of module was 13.35% under same solar radiation. Current–voltage and power graphs were also plotted to present the electrical characteristics (current, voltage and power) generated by both systems.

scholarly journals Experimental investigations of spray flow rate and angle in enhancing the performance of PV panels by steady and pulsating water spray system

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mojtaba Nateqi ◽  
Mehran Rajabi Zargarabadi ◽  
Roohollah Rafee
Keyword(s):  
Cooling System ◽  
Spray Cooling ◽  
Spray Angle ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Water Spray ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Photovoltaic Panel ◽  
Electrical Efficiency ◽  
Spray System ◽  
Pv Panel

AbstractIn this study, a spray cooling system is experimentally investigated to increase the photovoltaic panel efficiency. Cooling of photovoltaic panels is one of the important parameters that affects the PV panel performance. In this experiment the effects of spray angle, nozzles to PV panel distance, number of nozzles, and pulsating water spray on the PV panel performance are investigated. For this purpose, an experimental setup was made. The spray angles varied from 15° to 50°. The comparison between the spray angles shows that by decreasing the spray angle to 15° increases the electrical efficiency of PV panel to 19.78% and simultaneously the average PV panel temperature decreases from 64 (for non-cooled PV) to 24 °C. Also, nozzle to PV panel distance was changed from 10 to 50 cm. The best result was obtained for the lowest distance by 25.86% increase in power output. Study of various frequency also show that due to the surface evaporation and the intensity of the radiation, increasing the water spraying frequency can increase or decrease the electrical efficiency. The On–Off water spray system results show that the maximum increase in efficiency was obtained with frequency of 0.2 Hz which it was 16.84%. Water consumption also decreased to half.

A new IR and sprinkler based embedded controller directed robotic arm for automatic cleaning of solar panel

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 905-921
Author(s):  
Manish Kumar Ghodki ◽  
Akhilesh Swarup ◽  
Yash Pal
Keyword(s):  
Pulse Width Modulation ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Solar Panel ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Robotic Arm ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Ir Sensor ◽  
Embedded Controller

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to design and develop an IR and sprinkler based embedded controller operated robotic arm for automatic dust removal system to mitigate the dust effect on the solar panel surface, since dust accumulation normally affected by real weather conditions is one of the serious concern for the deterioration of photovoltaic (PV) system output. Design/methodology/approach The system is a wet cleaning device which provides a cheap silicon rubber-based wiping operation controlled by the pulse width modulation-operated motors of robotic arm. The IEEE 1149.1-compliant mixed signal-embedded platform of C8051F226DK is involved to command the complete system. Findings A prototype of 30 WP system is capable of producing an inspiring average value of 11.26 per cent in energy increase, 13.63 per cent in PV module efficiency and 85.20 per cent in performance ratio of the system after 73 days of cleaning in summer season. In addition, a total of 1,617.93 W power; 1,0516.55 Wh energy; and 350.55 KWh/KWP final yield was found during the entire cleaning period. Originality/value A novel technique of the implementation of IR sensor and sprinkler in dust mitigation is proposed in this paper. The IR sensor is used as a versatile object which can manage the robotic arm setting and control the automatic switching between cleaning and charging, as well as identify the thermal condition of solar panel for overheating.

scholarly journals Impact of Soiling Rate on Solar Photovoltaic Panel in Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 225 ◽  
pp. 04008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaharin A. Sulaiman ◽  
M. Rosman M. Razif ◽  
Tan Dei Han ◽  
Samson M. Atnaw ◽  
S. Norazilah A. Tamili
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Model ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Photovoltaic Panel ◽  
Pv Panel ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Solar Pv System ◽  
Time Basis

There are some weaknesses of using solar PV system especially when there is issue of soiling on the surface of solar PV panel. The consequences for absence of this such study can cause unanticipated cost in the operation of solar PV panel. The objective of this project is to study the trend of soiling rate over different time period and its effect on the performance of solar PV panel in Malaysia and to develop a simple prediction model for cleaning interval of solar PV system in Malaysia. The study was conducted on real-time basis on a building’s roof. Measurements of solar irradiance, voltage, current and the mass of dust collected were performed from both clean and dirty panels. It was discovered that the Monthly Test was significant with 4.53% of performance drop. Further analysis was conducted by running prediction model for cleaning interval. Intersection of graph plotting and fixed cleaning cost gives answer of cleaning interval that can be performed. It can be concluded that for every two and half month is the recommended time interval to perform regular cleaning to maximise electrical power generation by solar PV system in Malaysia.

Improvement of Photovoltaic Module for Increasing Energy Conversion Efficiency

2013 ◽  
Vol 448-453 ◽  
pp. 1428-1432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Warachit Phayom
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Tilt Angle ◽  
Horizontal Plane ◽  
Open Circuit Voltage ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Energy Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Back Side ◽  
Pv Module

For increasing energy conversion efficiency of PV module, this study was divided to two experiments. The first experiment was to investigate optimal tilt angle of PV module from 0-35° from horizontal plane in facing south for using in Udon thani Province and neighbouring in Thailand. The second experiment was to decrease PV module temperature and to determine appropriate cooling system by using water and small spray nozzles between front and back PV module. The results found, conversion efficiency was high during 15°-25° from horizontal plane for tilt angle in facing south, especially at 25° in whole year. Using thin film by spray nozzles at the front side was higher open circuit voltage and energy conversion efficiency than back side, with 6.06% of increasing open circuit voltage and 1.93% of increasing energy conversion efficiency when compared with no cooling system, due to can thoroughly distribute water on surface area and easily install.

A Novelty Control Strategy for the Photovoltaic Supercapacitor and Battery Hybrids Storage System

2011 ◽  
Vol 301-303 ◽  
pp. 1522-1527
Author(s):  
Yi Yuan ◽  
Mohamed Machmoum ◽  
Salvy Bourguet ◽  
Nicolas Amelon
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategy ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Photovoltaic Panel ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Power Product ◽  
Pv Panel ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Large Burst ◽  
Reasonable Energy

Most photovoltaic (PV) systems can supply continuous energy by using storage applications. Generally, the battery is employed for finishing this aim. The expense of the battery occupies a large part in the whole PV system. However, the constant variations of both photovoltaic panel power product and load power demand reduce the life of the battery. At the same time, for providing several large burst power demands generated by the motor based application startup, the sizing of battery should be enlarged. Both of them increase the cost of the PV system. Therefore, supercapacitor is integrated into this system. With a reasonable energy control strategy among the PV panel, supercapacitor and battery, the battery’s life could be prolonged and its size can be reduced. A PV system with hybrid storage applications is established in the Matlab/Simulink. Two different loads and weather situations are used to prove the efficiency of this control strategy.

scholarly journals Design of Augmented Cooling System for Urban Solar PV System

2021 ◽  
Vol 335 ◽  
pp. 03002
Author(s):  
Chong Jia Joon ◽  
Kelvin Chew Wai Jin
Keyword(s):  
Cooling System ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Pv Panel ◽  
Solar Pv System ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Electrical Loads ◽  
Temperature Output

Solar photovoltaic (PV) panels have been widely used to convert the renewable energy from the sun to electrical energy to power electrical loads but suffers from relatively low efficiency between 15% to 22%. Typically, the panels have an average lifespan of 25 to 30 years but could degrade quicker due to the panel overheating. Beyond the optimum working temperature of 25°C, a drop of efficiency by 0.4 to 0.5% for every 1°C had been reported. For solar PV applications in urban regions, passive cooling is beneficial due to limited amount of space and lower energy consumption compared to active cooling. A solar PV system with augmented cooling was conducted at a balcony of a condominium from 10am until 2pm. The solar PV system consisted of an Arduino controller, solar panel module, temperature sensor and LCD monitor. Reusable cold and hot gel packs were attached to the bottom of the solar PV. Both setups of solar PV panel with and without the cooling system were placed at the balcony simultaneously for measurement of temperature, output voltage and current. From this research, the outcome of implementing a cooling system to the solar PV increases the efficiency of the energy conversion.

scholarly journals Characteristics of a New Polymer Electrolyte Electrolysis Technique with Only Cathodic Media Supply Coupled to a Photovoltaic Panel

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 4150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Müller ◽  
Zwaygardt ◽  
Rauls ◽  
Hehemann ◽  
Haas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Photovoltaic Panel ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Pv Panel ◽  
The Individual

Herein we discuss polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) electrolysis stacks and systems we developed that are optimized for direct coupling to a photovoltaic (PV) panel. One advantage of PEM systems is their use of non-corrosive and non-toxic media. Thus, safe outdoor operation can be guaranteed, even in the case of a leakage. The system design was adapted to reduce the number of connection tubes, allowing for a series connection of multiple stacks at low cost and high reliability. One coupled PEM/PV system was tested under various temperature and irradiance conditions. All system components were also thoroughly characterized. The characterization was used to calibrate simple models of the individual components. Finally, the models were used to predict the system’s solar-to-hydrogen efficiency under different operating conditions and to find an optimal configuration for real-world outdoor operation.

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