scholarly journals A multiple handover method by using the guide of mobile node

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 1090
Author(s):  
Radhwan Mohamed Abdullah ◽  
Radhwan Basher ◽  
Ayad Hussain Abdulqader
Keyword(s):  
Mobility Management ◽  
Mobile Node ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Independent Practice ◽  
Group Mobility ◽  
Remote Sensor ◽  
Signalling Cost ◽  
Management Method

<span>Today’s healthcare system can be characterised using the up-and-coming integral component of mobility management of wireless body area networks (WBANs). In general, remote sensor nodes of WBAN are positioned on the body of a subject. Meanwhile, recommendations for specific proxy mobile IPv6 (PMIP) approaches have emerged, but its comparatively unfeasible nature in terms of group mobility management with regards to WBAN. Therefore, it shows a likelihood for expansive registration and handover interruptions. Thus, this work offered an alternative aimed at curbing such restrictions via an enhanced group mobility management method. The approach underlined the integration of authentication, authorisation, and accounting (AAA) services into the local mobility anchor (LMA) as another option for independent practice. Moreover, the proxy binding update (PBU) and AAA inquiry messages were consolidated, whereas the AAA response and proxy binding acknowledge (PBA) message were amalgamated. The resulting outcomes depicted the proposed method’s superior performance in comparison with the current PMIP approaches in the context of registration delay time, handover interruption, and average signalling cost.</span>

scholarly journals A Multiple Handover Method by Using the Guide of Mobile Node

Webology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 827-847
Author(s):  
Radhwan Mohamed Abdullah ◽  
Radhwan Basher ◽  
Ayad Hussain Abdulqader
Keyword(s):  
Mobility Management ◽  
Mobile Node ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Independent Practice ◽  
Group Mobility ◽  
Remote Sensor ◽  
Signalling Cost ◽  
Management Method

Today’s healthcare system can be characterised using the up-and-coming integral component of mobility management of wireless body area networks (WBANs). In general, remote sensor nodes of WBAN are positioned on the body of a subject. Meanwhile, recommendations for specific proxy mobile IPv6 (PMIP) approaches have emerged, but its comparatively unfeasible nature in terms of group mobility management with regards to WBAN. Therefore, it shows a likelihood for expansive registration and handover interruptions. Thus, this work offered an alternative aimed at curbing such restrictions via an enhanced group mobility management method. The approach underlined the integration of authentication, authorisation, and accounting (AAA) services into the local mobility anchor (LMA) as another option for independent practice. Moreover, the proxy binding update (PBU) and AAA inquiry messages were consolidated, whereas the AAA response and proxy binding acknowledge (PBA) message were amalgamated. The resulting outcomes depicted the proposed method’s superior performance in comparison with the current PMIP approaches in the context of registration delay time, handover interruption, and average signalling cost.

scholarly journals Bulk binding approach for PMIPv6 protocol to reduce handoff latency in IoT

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adnan J. Jabir
Keyword(s):  
Mobility Management ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Mobile Node ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Mobile Access ◽  
Signaling Cost ◽  
Handoff Latency ◽  
Management Protocol ◽  
Mobility Management Protocol ◽  
New Research

<p>Mobility management protocols are very essential in the new research area of Internet of Things (IoT) as the static attributes of nodes are no longer dominant in the current environment. Proxy MIPv6 (PMIPv6) protocol is a network-based mobility management protocol, where the mobility process is relied on the network entities, named, Mobile Access Gateways (MAGs) and Local Mobility Anchor (LMA). PMIPv6 is considered as the most suitable mobility protocol for WSN as it relieves the sensor nodes from participating in the mobility signaling. However, in PMIPv6, a separate signaling is required for each mobile node (MN) registration, which may increase the network signaling overhead and lead to increase the total handoff latency. The bulk binding approaches were used to enhance the mobility signaling for MNs which are moving together from one MAG to another by exchanging a single bulk binding update message. However, in some cases there might be several MNs move at the same time but among different MAGs. In this paper, a bulk registration scheme based on the clustered sensor PMIPv6 architecture is proposed to reduce the mobility signaling cost by creating a single bulk message for all MNs attached to the cluster. Our mathematical results show that the proposed bulk scheme enhances the PMIPv6 performance by reducing the total handoff latency.</p>

Physiological function and neuromuscular recruitment in elite South African distance runners

2004 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 261-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy D Noakes ◽  
Yolande XR Harley ◽  
Andrew N Bosch ◽  
Frank E Marino ◽  
Alan St Clair Gibson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Exercise Physiology ◽  
The Body ◽  
Running Economy ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Black Athletes ◽  
Training Environment ◽  
Complex Biological System ◽  
Black African ◽  
Black South African

AbstractPhysiological studies of elite and sub-elite black South African runners show that these athletes are typically about 10–12 kg lighter than white athletes and that they are able to sustain higher exercise intensities for longer than white runners. Such superior performance is not a result of higher V O2max values and hence cannot be due to superior oxygen delivery to the active muscles during maximal exercise, as is predicted by the traditional cardiovascular/anaerobic/catastrophic models of exercise physiology. A marginally superior running economy is also unlikely to be a crucial determinant in explaining this apparent superiority. However, black athletes are able to sustain lower rectal and thigh, but higher mean skin, temperatures during exercise. Furthermore, when exercising in the heat, lighter black athletes are able to maintain higher running speeds than are larger white runners matched for running performance in cool environmental conditions. According to the contrasting theory that the body acts as a complex system during exercise, the superiority of black African athletes should be sought in an enhanced capacity to maintain homeostasis in all their inter-dependent biological systems despite running at higher relative exercise intensities and metabolic rates. In this case, any explanation for the success of East African runners will be found in the way in which their innate physiology, training, environment, expectations and genes influence the function of those parts of their subconscious (and conscious) brains that appear to regulate the protection of homeostasis during exercise as part of an integrative, complex biological system.

scholarly journals An analysis of mobility management for mobile sensor nodes in MWSN

2018 ◽  
Vol 232 ◽  
pp. 04078
Author(s):  
Min Zhang ◽  
Jun-Bin Liang
Keyword(s):  
Mobility Management ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Mobile Sensor ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Management Schemes ◽  
Mobile Sensor Nodes ◽  
Mobile Wireless Sensor ◽  
Efficiency Data

Mobile wireless sensor networks (MWSN) are composed of a large number of mobile sensor nodes, which are used to collect data. MWSN have been widely applied in a variety of harsh environments, so mobile sensor nodes are often at risk of damage. How to manage mobile sensor nodes is an important issue. In this paper, we analyse different mobility management schemes proposed in some typical research literature and classify these schemes by using three features: the collaboration between mobile sensor nodes, routing and deployment in MWSN. We specify advantages and disadvantages of the proposed schemes, compare different key parameters of MSWN respectively, including energy efficiency, data delay, cost and lifetime, etc. Finally, we discuss existing problems of MWSN management and give some helpful suggestions in this area.

scholarly journals The Speed of Large-Scale Transformation of Political and Economic Institutions

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 555-583
Author(s):  
Ružica Šimić Banović ◽  
Martina Basarac Sertić ◽  
Valentina Vučković
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Shock Therapy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Scale Transformation ◽  
Member States ◽  
Therapy Approach ◽  
Eu Member States

This article compares the applicability of both the gradual and the shock therapy approach to reform implementation in large-scale change. Using quantitative data, it aims to provide more evidence for the lessons learned from post-socialist transformation. Hence it adds a theoretical and an empirical contribution to the body of literature on great transformations, focusing on their speed and the acceptability of related policy solutions. Despite the predominant inclination towards the gradualist approach to reforms in the initial transition years, economic indicators suggest that the big bang reformers have demonstrated a superior performance over the last (few) decade(s). Still, the approach to (post-)transition processes should be multidimensional and include more than the speed of transformation and key economic indicators. Therefore, a quantitative analysis covers several aspects of socioeconomic change. The analysis of the quality of democracy, market economy, and management performance in post-socialist EU member states indicates that over the last decade the countries that applied the shock therapy approach have performed significantly better in all these areas. This suggests that slow reformers are lagging behind in the development of democratic institutions and a modern market economy, and presumably have insufficient capacities to rapidly catch up with fast reformers. Further research on this topic should tackle the deep roots of socioeconomic development and path-dependent choices (reform speed included), proximity to Western countries, the possible effects of other specific circumstances (such as war), the importance of selected institutions on the performance of post-socialist non-EU member states, and other limitations.

scholarly journals Developing a Powerful and Resilient Smart Body Sensor Network through Hypercube Interconnection

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad S. Almogren
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Intelligent Systems ◽  
Intelligent Design ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Body Sensor Networks ◽  
Embedded Computing ◽  
Body Sensor Network

With recent advances in wireless sensor networks and embedded computing technologies, body sensor networks (BSNs) have become practically feasible. BSNs consist of a number of sensor nodes located and deployed over the human body. These sensors continuously gather vital sign data of the body area to be used in various intelligent systems in smart environments. This paper presents an intelligent design of the body sensor network based on virtual hypercube structure backbone termed as Smart BodyNet. The main purpose of the Smart BodyNet is to provide resilience for the BSN operation and reduce power consumption. Various experiments were carried out to show the performance of the Smart BodyNet design as compared to the state-of-the-art approaches.

Mobile IPv6

2014 ◽  
pp. 71-101
Author(s):  
Tayo Arulogun ◽  
Ahmad AlSa'deh ◽  
Christoph Meinel
Keyword(s):  
Mobility Management ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Internet Protocol ◽  
Mobile Node ◽  
Mobile Ipv6 ◽  
Mobile Internet ◽  
Ip Address ◽  
Mobile Internet Protocol ◽  
General Improvement ◽  
User Intervention

Mobile Internet Protocol (MIP) enables a mobile node to be recognized via a single IP address while the node moves between different networks. MIP attains the connectivity to nodes everywhere without user intervention. One general improvement in Mobile IPv6 (MIPv6) compared to MIPv4 is the enhanced security. However, there are areas still susceptible to various kinds of attacks. Security approaches for the MIPv6 are still in progress and there are few unsolved concerns and problems. This chapter focuses on MIPv6 security considerations, potential threats, and possible defense mechanisms. The authors discuss and analyze in detail the MIPv6 mobility management and security approaches with respect to the efficiency and complexity and bring forward some constructive recommendations.

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