scholarly journals Knowledge, risk perception and prevention preparedness towards COVID-19 among a cross-section of animal health professionals in Nigeria

2022 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismail Ayoade Odetokun ◽  
Nma Bida Alhaji ◽  
Uduak Akpabio ◽  
Madinat Abimbola Abdulkareem ◽  
Gladys Taye Bilat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Animal Health

How Do Public Service Professionals Behave in Risky Situations? The Importance of Organizational Culture

2021 ◽  
pp. 027507402110103
Author(s):  
Emily Rose Tangsgaard
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Organizational Cultures ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Seeking Behavior ◽  
Subsequent Behavior ◽  
Hospital Wards

Many situations in public service delivery are characterized by uncertainty about the potential negative consequences following decisions. These risky situations make the behavior of frontline professionals particularly important. But what shapes the risk perception and subsequent behavior of frontline professionals in risky situations? This article explores the idea that organizational culture provides part of the answer. To examine this, a comprehensive qualitative study with participant observations and interviews at five public hospital wards was conducted. The findings demonstrate the importance of organizational culture on risk perception and behavior in risky situations. Basic cultural assumptions related to professional discussion, administering medicine, grading of adverse events, and prioritizing follow-up activities matter to behavior in risky situations. In organizational cultures with high levels of trust and dialogue about decision-making, the health professionals rely on each other and ask for second opinions, when making decisions in risky situations. Conversely, in organizational cultures with little trust and professional discussion, the health professionals are less likely to ask for second opinions and follow up on risky situations, which increases the possibility of unintended, negative consequences. In this way, organizational culture can be a driver of risk-reducing and risk-seeking behavior among frontline professionals.

Antimicrobial use and practices by animal health professionals in 20 sub-Saharan African countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 186 ◽  
pp. 105212
Author(s):  
Stanly Fon Tebug ◽  
Mohamed Moctar Mouliom Mouiche ◽  
Wilfred Angie Abia ◽  
Gabriel Teno ◽  
Christian Keambou Tiambo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Professionals ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Antimicrobial Use ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Sub Saharan

scholarly journals Association Between Face Masks Use and Occupation in Cameroon: Perceived Susceptibility to COVID-19 and Physician’s Roles

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-284
Author(s):  
Armel Fosso Setubi ◽  
◽  
Mersha Wubie ◽  
Alain Pitti Djida ◽  
Xavier Emmanuel Fosoumo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Perceived Susceptibility

Introduction: Face masks use among Cameroonians is a new behavior. Many citizens have adopted face masks as a step to prevent the spread of COVID-19. Individuals might use face masks because of their profession, risk perception, and social status. This study aims at evaluating the relation between occupation and face masks use in COVID-19 setting in Cameroon. Our study hypothesizes that face masks use is not associated with occupation in Cameroon. Methods: A survey was conducted from May 13 to June 3, 2020, among Cameroonians ranging from ages 15 to 66+. Participants answered questions regarding face mask use, occupation, perceived susceptibility to COVID-19, and physicians' guidance. A binary logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between face masks use and occupation. Results: A total of 1,525 persons responded to the survey among 837 males and 688 females. After adjustment, face masks use was not associated with the occupation. Guidance provided by physicians were positively associated with face masks use (OR=2.06, 95%CI:1.48-2.85). Face masks use was also associated with reported answers on whether: face masks protect against COVID-19 (OR=10.48, 95%CI: 7.20-15.25), ability to easily access physician’s guidance about COVID-19 on social media (OR=2.70, 95%CI: 1.94-3.75), and the belief that Africans are naturally resistant to COVID-19 (OR=1.73, 95% CI: 1.13-2.65). Conclusions: Our study provides evidence that face masks use in COVID-19 setting in Cameroon is not associated with occupation. However, physicians’ role has an impact on people’s behavior. The association between face masks use and the belief that Africans are naturally resistant to COVID-19 points to low perceived susceptibility that needs to be addressed by health professionals and competent civil authorities.

scholarly journals Understanding Antibiotic Use for Pig Farming in Thailand: A Qualitative Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angkana Lekagul ◽  
Viroj Tangcharoensathien ◽  
Marco Liverani ◽  
Anne Mills ◽  
Jonathan Rushton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Professionals ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
Antibiotic Prescribing ◽  
Pig Production ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Pig Farming

Abstract Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR), recognised as a serious and growing threat to global health, is driven by antibiotic use. Understanding factors influencing antibiotic use is essential to design and implement effective interventions to reduce unnecessary antibiotic use and AMR. This study aims to explore the practices and views of the key actors associated with the use of antibiotics for pig farming in Thailand, from local farmers to officers in central government institutions. Methods: A total of 31 in-depth interviews were conducted with pig farmers (n=13), drug retailers (n=5), veterinarians (n=7), and government officers (n=3) and representatives of health professional councils (n=2). Direct observations were conducted in pig farms. Thematic analysis based on practices, views and interests of actors regarding antibiotic use in pig production in Thailand. Results: There are various factors influencing the use of antibiotics. The factors may trigger greater antibiotic use including lack of knowledge and awareness about antibiotics and AMR, economic incentives, and loose regulatory frameworks. Farmers considered that antibiotics are necessary to maintain animal health, prevent and control diseases, and ensure economic gains, so using antibiotics was considered a worthwhile investment in pigs. There was limited information about antibiotic use in the curriculum and lack of clinical practice guidelines for health professionals. Veterinarians faced challenges in diagnosis and lacked antibiotic prescribing guidelines. Pharmaceutical companies applied market promotion strategies to increase sales; and used professionals as mediators with farmers. There was no control of antibiotic sale and prescription via the regulatory environment. The national policy on AMR could be facilitating factor to optimise use of antibiotics but its influence was weak relative to other influences which favoured antibiotic use. Conclusions: Our study highlights the need to improve antibiotic use in pig production in Thailand. Access to veterinary services and reliable information about animal health needs to be improved among farmers. Innovative low-cost investment in biosecurity could improve farm management and decrease reliance on antibiotics. Developing professional training and clinical guidelines, and establishing a code of conduct, are needed to improve practices in antibiotic prescription and sale amongst health professionals and industry.

Phthalate Exposure in Pregnant Women: Risk Perception and Preventive Advice of Perinatal Health Professionals

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cécile Marie ◽  
Didier Lémery ◽  
Françoise Vendittelli ◽  
Marie-Pierre Sauvant-Rochat
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Perinatal Health ◽  
Phthalate Exposure

scholarly journals Risk Perception of Health Professionals in Intrapartum Care Decisions: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina H Peterwerth ◽  
Margareta Halek ◽  
Sabrina Tulka ◽  
Rainhild Schäfers
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Intrapartum Care ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Qualitative Phase

BACKGROUND Risk perception plays an important role in decision-making processes. Differences in obstetric intervention rates suggest that, in addition to medical indications, the risk perception of obstetric health professionals might have a major influence on their decision-making process during childbirth. Although studies have investigated whether risk perception affects the role of midwifery or influences decision making during childbirth, little is known about what obstetric health professionals actually perceive as risk or risky situations and whether different risk perceptions lead to more interventions during intrapartum care. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to understand the association of risk perception and the decision-making processes of obstetric health professionals (midwives and obstetricians) in Germany during intrapartum care. The study has 3 specific aims: (1) gain insight into what obstetric health professionals perceive as risk in the German clinical setting, (2) assess the extent to which personal and systemic factors have an impact on obstetric health professionals’ risk perception, and (3) investigate whether different perceptions of risk are associated with different decisions being made by obstetric health professionals. METHODS This is an exploratory sequential mixed methods study with 2 phases, a qualitative followed by a quantitative phase. In the first phase, qualitative data are collected and analyzed by conducting focus group discussions and applying qualitative content analysis to address aim 1. In the second phase, for aims 2 and 3 and to help explain the qualitative results, quantitative data are collected and analyzed by conducting an observational study using case vignettes within a survey constructed on the basis of the qualitative results. RESULTS Enrollment in the first (qualitative) phase began in July 2019, and data collection and analysis have been completed. The second (quantitative) phase is currently planned, and data collection is expected to start in December 2020. First results of the qualitative phase are expected to be submitted for publication in 2020, with completion of the second phase scheduled for 2021. CONCLUSIONS This mixed methods study will examine the perception of risk and its association with the decision-making processes of obstetric health professionals during their care of women in childbirth. The rationale for this approach is that the qualitative data and their analysis explore participants' views in more depth, while the quantitative data will help to provide and explore a general understanding of the research problem. The results are expected to be relevant to health care professionals, policymakers, and educational institutions in order to minimize underuse, overuse, and misuse of interventions during intrapartum care. CLINICALTRIAL German Clinical Trials Register DRKS00017172; https://tinyurl.com/y2zoowkx INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT DERR1-10.2196/21443

scholarly journals Risk perception and precautionary health behavior toward COVID-19 among health professionals working in selected public university hospitals in Ethiopia

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. e0241101
Author(s):  
Shimelis Girma ◽  
Liyew Agenagnew ◽  
Girma Beressa ◽  
Yonas Tesfaye ◽  
Arefayne Alenko
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Health Behavior ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Public University ◽  
University Hospitals

Continuing Education of Animal Health Professionals in Uganda: A Training Needs Assessment

2021 ◽  
pp. e20200161
Author(s):  
Isabella C. Endacott ◽  
Abel B. Ekiri ◽  
Ruth Alafiatayo ◽  
Erika Galipo ◽  
Samuel G. Okech ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Service Delivery ◽  
Preventive Medicine ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Clinical Skills ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Veterinary Service ◽  
Training Needs Assessment ◽  
Skills Laboratory

In Uganda, delivery of veterinary services is vital to animal health, and productivity and is heavily dependent on well-trained and skilled animal health professionals. The purpose of this study was to identify and prioritize areas for refresher training and continuous professional development of animal health professionals (veterinarians and veterinary paraprofessionals), with the overarching aim of improving veterinary service delivery in Uganda. A survey was administered electronically to 311 animal health professionals during the period November 14–30, 2019. Data were collected on relevant parameters including demographics, knowledge on preventive medicine, diagnostics, disease control and treatment, epidemiology, and One Health, as well as participants’ opinions on training priorities, challenges faced, and constraints to veterinary service delivery. Most respondents were veterinarians 26–35 years old, were male, and worked in clinical practice. Lowest perceived knowledge was reported on subjects relating to laboratory diagnostics, antimicrobial resistance (AMR), and nutrition. Training topics considered to be of most benefit to respondents included laboratory diagnostics, treatment of common livestock diseases, AMR, and practical clinical skills in reproductive and preventive medicine. Participants preferred to receive training in the form of practical workshops, in-practice training, and external training. This study highlights the need to prioritize training in practical clinical skills, laboratory diagnostics, and AMR. Wet labs and hands-on practical clinical and laboratory skills should be incorporated to enhance training. Provision of targeted and successful trainings will be dependent on the allocation of adequate resources and support by relevant public and private stakeholders across the veterinary sector.

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