scholarly journals An annotated checklist of sea slug fauna of Gujarat coast, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 15835-15851
Author(s):  
Piyush Vadher ◽  
Hitesh Kardani ◽  
Imtiyaz Beleem
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Sea Slug ◽  
Sea Slugs ◽  
Gujarat Coast ◽  
Annotated Checklist

An annotated checklist of sea slugs from Gujarat coastal waters was prepared, based on published literature and field observations from 2014–2019.  Ninety-five species from 62 genera belonging to 29 families were recorded.  Species are listed with synonyms and distribution status.     

scholarly journals Pigment and Fatty Acid Heterogeneity in the Sea Slug Elysia crispata Is Not Shaped by Habitat Depth

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3157
Author(s):  
Xochitl Guadalupe Vital ◽  
Felisa Rey ◽  
Paulo Cartaxana ◽  
Sónia Cruz ◽  
Maria Rosário Domingues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Total Lipid ◽  
Animal Cells ◽  
Habitat Depth ◽  
Sea Slug ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Sea Slugs ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Biochemical Condition

Long-term retention of functional chloroplasts in animal cells occurs only in sacoglossan sea slugs. Analysis of molecules related to the maintenance of these organelles can provide valuable information on this trait (kleptoplasty). The goal of our research was to characterize the pigment and fatty acid (FA) composition of the sea slug Elysia crispata and their associated chloroplasts that are kept functional for a long time, and to quantify total lipid, glycolipid and phospholipid contents, identifying differences between habitats: shallow (0–4 m) and deeper (8–12 m) waters. Specimens were sampled and analyzed after a month of food deprivation, through HPLC, GC-MS and colorimetric methods, to ensure an assessment of long-term kleptoplasty in relation to depth. Pigment signatures indicate that individuals retain chloroplasts from different macroalgal sources. FA classes, phospholipid and glycolipid contents displayed dissimilarities between depths. However, heterogeneities in pigment and FA profiles, as well as total lipid, glycolipid and phospholipid amounts in E. crispata were not related to habitat depth. The high content of chloroplast origin molecules, such as Chl a and glycolipids after a month of starvation, confirms that E. crispata retains chloroplasts in good biochemical condition. This characterization fills a knowledge gap of an animal model commonly employed to study kleptoplasty.

scholarly journals Profiling of Heterobranchia Sea Slugs from Portuguese Coastal Waters as Producers of Anti-Cancer and Anti-Inflammatory Agents

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 1027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelson Gomes ◽  
Fátima Fernandes ◽  
Áurea Madureira-Carvalho ◽  
Patrícia Valentão ◽  
Alexandre Lobo-da-Cunha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Sea Slugs ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Metal mobility and bioaccumulation differences at lower trophic levels in marine ecosystems dominated by Sargassum species

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Hernández-Almaraz ◽  
Lía Méndez-Rodríguez ◽  
Tania Zenteno-Savín ◽  
Federico García-Domínguez ◽  
Alfonso Vázquez-Botello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marine Ecosystems ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Metal Mobility ◽  
Metal Bioaccumulation ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Macroalgal Species ◽  
Sea Slug ◽  
Sea Slugs ◽  
Phosphorite Deposit ◽  
Potential Mobility

Concentrations of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe) were measured in three macroalgal species, Codium simulans, Sargassum sinicola and Gracilaria pachydermatica, and in the sea slug Elysia diomedea, living in marine ecosystems dominated by Sargassum species and located near exploited phosphorite deposits. Metal concentrations in macroalgae and sea slugs were significantly different among sites. The highest concentrations of Cd recorded in C. simulans and S. sinicola, as well as in E. diomedea were recorded at the site closest to the phosphorite deposit. In general, Cd and Zn concentrations in E. diomedea were higher than those recorded in specimens of C. simulans, S. sinicola and G. pachydermatica. In contrast, Pb, Cu, and Fe concentrations in E. diomedea were lower than or similar to those in macroalgae from all sampled sites. The information generated contributes to the knowledge about potential mobility and metal bioaccumulation at lower trophic levels in marine eco systems.

scholarly journals Genetic autonomy and low singlet oxygen yield support kleptoplast functionality in photosynthetic sea slugs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vesa Havurinne ◽  
Maria Handrich ◽  
Mikko Antinluoma ◽  
Sergey Khorobrykh ◽  
Sven B. Gould ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Singlet Oxygen ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Animal Cells ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Sea Slug ◽  
Elysia Chlorotica ◽  
Vaucheria Litorea ◽  
Sea Slugs ◽  
Oxygen Yield

AbstractElysia chlorotica is a kleptoplastic sea slug that preys on Vaucheria litorea, stealing its plastids which then continue to photosynthesize for months inside the animal cells. We investigated the native properties of V. litorea plastids to understand how they withstand the rigors of photosynthesis in isolation. Transcription of specific genes in laboratory-isolated V. litorea plastids was monitored up to seven days. The involvement of plastid-encoded FtsH, a key plastid maintenance protease, in recovery from photoinhibition in V. litorea was estimated in cycloheximide-treated cells. In vitro comparison of V. litorea and spinach thylakoids was applied to investigate ROS formation in V. litorea. Isolating V. litorea plastids triggered upregulation of ftsH and translation elongation factor EF-Tu (tufA). Upregulation of FtsH was also evident in cycloheximide-treated cells during recovery from photoinhibition. Charge recombination in PSII of V. litorea was found to be fine-tuned to produce only small quantities of singlet oxygen (1O2). Our results support the view that the genetic characteristics of the plastids themselves are crucial in creating a photosynthetic sea slug. The plastid’s autonomous repair machinery is likely enhanced by low 1O2 production and by upregulation of FtsH in the plastids.HighlightIsolated Vaucheria litorea plastids exhibit upregulation of tufA and ftsH, key plastid maintenance genes, and produce only little singlet oxygen. These factors likely contribute to plastid longevity in kleptoplastic slugs.

Diet of the invasive sea slug Pleurobranchaea maculata in Patagonian coastal waters

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verena Bökenhans ◽  
José E. Fernández Alfaya ◽  
Gregorio Bigatti ◽  
Andrés Averbuj
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Sea Slug

scholarly journals Beyond Capricornia: Tropical Sea Slugs (Gastropoda, Heterobranchia) Extend Their Distributions into the Tasman Sea

Diversity ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matt Nimbs ◽  
Stephen Smith
Keyword(s):  
Research Effort ◽  
Tropical Species ◽  
Sea Slug ◽  
Sea Slugs ◽  
Tasman Sea ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Taxonomic Uncertainty ◽  
Tropical Sea ◽  
First Time ◽  
Unambiguous Interpretation

There is increasing evidence of poleward migration of a broad range of taxa under the influence of a warming ocean. However, patchy research effort, the lack of pre-existing baseline data, and taxonomic uncertainty for some taxa means that unambiguous interpretation of observations is often difficult. Here, we propose that heterobranch sea slugs provide a useful target group for monitoring shifts in distribution. As many sea slugs are highly colourful, popular with underwater photographers and rock-pool ramblers, and found in accessible habitats, they provide an ideal target for citizen scientist programs, such as the Sea Slug Census. This maximises our ability to rapidly gain usable diversity and distributional data. Here, we review records of recent range extensions by tropical species into the subtropical and temperate waters of eastern Australia and document, for the first time in Australian waters, observations of three tropical species of sea slug as well as range extensions for a further six to various locations in the Tasman Sea.

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