Abstract 615: Association Between Multiple Modifiable Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease and Hypertension in a Rural Population of the United States

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadii M Mamudu ◽  
Timir Paul ◽  
Liang Wang ◽  
Sreenivas P Veeranki ◽  
Hemang B Panchal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sedentary Lifestyle ◽  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Asymptomatic Individuals ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Hypertension (HTN) is one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) that afflicts one-third of the population in United States (US). This study examined the association between multiple modifiable risk factors for HTN in a rural hard-to-reach population. Methods: During January 2011 and December 2012, 1629 community-dwelling asymptomatic individuals from central Appalachia participated in screening for subclinical atherosclerosis, during which the participants were asked to report whether a physician or health worker has informed them that they had HTN (yes/no). Additionally, baseline data consisting of two non-modifiable risk factors (sex, age) and 5 modifiable risk factors (obesity, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, smoking, and sedentary lifestyle) were collected. Descriptive statistics involving prevalence of risk factors and multivariate logistic regression analyses to determine the strength of association between hypertension and the number of risk factors were conducted. Results: Of the 1629 study participants, about half (49.8%) had hypertension. Among hypertensive patients, 31.4% were obese and 62.3% having hypercholesterolemia. Overall, having 2 risk factors consisted the largest group of participants with HTN. After adjusting for the non-modifiable risk factors (sex, age), obesity and diabetes increased the odds of having HTN by more than two folds ([OR=2.02, CI=1.57-2.60] and [OR=2.30, CI=1.66-3.18], respectively) and hypercholesterolemia and sedentary lifestyle increased the odds for HTN by more than one fold ([OR=1.26, CI=1.02-1.56) and [OR=1.38, CI=1.12-1.70], respectively). Compared to those without HTN, having 2, 3, and 4 or 5 modifiable risk factors were significantly associated with increased odds of having HTN by about two-folds [OR=1.72, CI=1.21-2.44], two and half folds [OR=2.55, 1.74-3.74], and six folds [OR=5.96, 3.42-10.41], respectively. Conclusion: The study suggests that odds of having HTN increases with the number of modifiable risk factors for CVD. Hence, by implementing an integrated CVD program for treating and controlling modifiable risk factors of HTN would decrease the future risk of CVD and help to achieve the 2020 Impact Goal of the American Health Association.

scholarly journals Age-Related Chronic Diseases and Alzheimer’s Disease in Texas: A Hispanic Focused Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-133
Author(s):  
Shyam Sheladia ◽  
P. Hemachandra Reddy
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Hispanic Americans ◽  
The United States ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors ◽  
American Population ◽  
Hispanic American ◽  
West Texas ◽  
Age Related

The emergence of age-related chronic diseases within the United States has led to the direct increase of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) as well as other neurological diseases which ultimately contribute to the development of dementia within the general population. To be specific, age-related chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, high cholesterol, diabetes, and kidney disease contribute greatly to the advancement and rapid progression of dementia. Furthermore, unmodifiable risk factors such as advancing age and genetics as well as modifiable risk factors such as socioeconomic status, educational attainment, exercise, and diet further contribute to the development of dementia. Current statistics and research show that minority populations such as Hispanic Americans in the United States face the greatest burden of dementia due to the increase in the prevalence of overall population age, predisposing genetics, age-related chronic diseases, low socioeconomic status, as well as poor lifestyle choices and habits. Additionally, Hispanic Americans living within Texas and the rural areas of West Texas face the added challenge of finding appropriate healthcare services. This article will focus upon the research associated with AD as well as the prevalence of AD within the Hispanic American population of Texas and rural West Texas. Furthermore, this article will also discuss the prevalence of age-related chronic diseases, unmodifiable risk factors, and modifiable risk factors which lead to the progression and development of AD within the Hispanic American population of the United States, Texas, and rural West Texas.

scholarly journals Social Isolation and Hospitalization Risk Factors Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 95-95
Author(s):  
J Mary Louise Pomeroy ◽  
Gilbert Gimm
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Psychosocial Risk ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Socially Isolated ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract PURPOSE: This study examines psychosocial risk factors associated with hospitalization among community-dwelling older adults in the United States. METHODS: Using two waves of the National Health and Aging Trends Study from 2011 and 2015, we conducted descriptive and multivariate analyses of individual-level data from a nationally representative sample of 8,003 Medicare beneficiaries ages 65 and older. Associations between hospitalization and risk factors including social isolation, depression, and anxiety were assessed. Covariates included gender, race/ethnicity, age, region, insurance type, falls, and comorbidities. RESULTS: Overall, about 20.9% of older adults reported a hospitalization within the past year and 22.2% were socially isolated. The odds of hospitalization were higher for socially isolated adults (OR 1.17; p = .02), for depressed adults (OR 1.25; p = .01), and for individuals with anxiety (OR 1.25; p = .02). Individuals living in the Western region had lower odds of hospitalization (OR 0.71; p = .001), whereas men (OR 1.13; p = .03), those requiring assistance with activities of daily living (OR 1.48; p < .001), and those having one (OR 1.41; p = .03) or more (OR 3.05; p < .001) chronic health conditions had higher odds of hospitalization. CONCLUSION: Social isolation, depression, and anxiety represent significant psychosocial risk factors for hospitalization among community-dwelling older adults in the United States. Efforts to reduce health care costs and improve health outcomes for older adults should explore ways to strengthen social integration and improve mental health.

scholarly journals Vegetarian Diets Are Associated with Selected Cardiometabolic Risk Factors among Middle-Older Aged South Asians in the United States

2018 ◽  
Vol 148 (12) ◽  
pp. 1954-1960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yichen Jin ◽  
Alka M Kanaya ◽  
Namratha R Kandula ◽  
Luis A Rodriguez ◽  
Sameera A Talegawkar
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
South Asians ◽  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vegetarian Diet ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Median Frequency ◽  
Eating Occasions

ABSTRACTBackgroundFollowing a vegetarian diet is considered to be beneficial for overall health and is associated with a lower risk of chronic disease.ObjectiveThis study examined whether South Asians in the United States who consume a vegetarian diet have a lower prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors.MethodsData from the Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America study, which included 892 South Asians (47% women), with an age range of 40–83 y and a mean ± SD age of 55 ± 9.4 y, were used. Participants were classified as vegetarian if they reported no consumption of meat, poultry, or fish in the previous year on a validated and culturally appropriate food-frequency questionnaire. Adjusted linear and logistic regression models were used to examine associations of a vegetarian diet with cardiometabolic risk factors.ResultsThirty-eight percent of the cohort participants were classified as vegetarian. Vegetarians reported more frequent weekly eating occasions of whole grains (median frequency/wk: 10 compared with 9, P = 0.012) and beans and legumes (median frequency/wk: 8.5 compared with 5.1, P < 0.001), and less frequent weekly eating occasions of sweets and desserts (median frequency/wk: 1.9 compared with 2.3, P < 0.001). Consuming a vegetarian diet was associated with lower body mass index (P = 0.023), fasting glucose (P = 0.015), insulin resistance (P = 0.003), total cholesterol (P = 0.027), and LDL cholesterol (P = 0.004) and lower odds of fatty liver (OR: 0.43; 95% CI: 0.23, 0.78, P = 0.006). The odds of having any coronary artery calcium were lower for vegetarian men (OR: 0.53; 95% CI: 0.32, 0.87, P = 0.013); however, no significant associations were observed among women.ConclusionsAmong US South Asians, a vegetarian diet was associated with fewer cardiometabolic risk factors overall and with less subclinical atherosclerosis among men.

scholarly journals Reducing Your Risk for Cancer: The Power of Food

EDIS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jodi Fitzgerald ◽  
Danielle Nelson ◽  
Madison Woodard ◽  
Jeanette Andrade
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
The United States ◽  
Human Nutrition ◽  
Food Science ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors ◽  
Diet And Lifestyle

Cancer is the #2 cause of death within the United States, where 2 out of every 5 people will be diagnosed with some form of cancer within their lifetime. Forty-five percent of cancer deaths may have been caused by risk that factors that you can change, such as weight, diet, and lifestyle. This new 6-page publication describes the modifiable risk factors for cancer and tips to reduce your risk for cancer. Written by Jodi Fitzgerald, Danielle Nelson, Madison Woodard, and Jeanette Andrade, and published by the UF/IFAS Food Science and Human Nutrition Department. https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fs392

scholarly journals Interstate Variation in Modifiable Risk Factors and Cardiovascular Mortality in the United States

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. e101531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shivani A. Patel ◽  
K. M. Venkat Narayan ◽  
Mohammed K. Ali ◽  
Neil K. Mehta
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
The United States ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors

scholarly journals ASSOCIATION OF MODIFIABLE RISK FACTORS WITH RACIAL DISPARITIES IN PRETERM DELIVERY RATES IN THE UNITED STATES IN 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (18) ◽  
pp. 3392
Author(s):  
Michael Wang ◽  
Priya Freaney ◽  
Amanda Perak ◽  
William Grobman ◽  
Philip Greenland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Racial Disparities ◽  
Preterm Delivery ◽  
The United States ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors

scholarly journals Proportion and number of cancer cases and deaths attributable to potentially modifiable risk factors in the United States

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhad Islami ◽  
Ann Goding Sauer ◽  
Kimberly D. Miller ◽  
Rebecca L. Siegel ◽  
Stacey A. Fedewa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
The United States ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors

scholarly journals Reducing Your Risk for Heart Disease: The Power of Food

EDIS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Elena B. Smith ◽  
Jodi Fitzgerald ◽  
Danielle Nelson ◽  
Madison Woodard ◽  
Jeanette Andrade
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
The United States ◽  
Food Science ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Heart Attacks

Heart disease is the #1 cause of death among men and women within the United States.  Heart disease is an umbrella term for the following heart conditions: Angina Irregular heartbeats Heart attacks Heart failure Stroke This new 8-page publication of the UF/IFAS Food Science and Human Nutrition Department describes the modifiable risk factors for heart disease and tips to reduce one’s risk for heart disease. Written by Elena B. Smith, Jodi Fitzgerald, Danielle Nelson, Madison Woodard, and Jeanette Andrade.https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fs426

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