scholarly journals Association of Variability in Body Mass Index and Metabolic Health With Cardiometabolic Disease Risk

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd R. Sponholtz ◽  
Edwin R. van den Heuvel ◽  
Vanessa Xanthakis ◽  
Ramachandran S. Vasan
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Metabolic Health ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disease ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disease Risk

scholarly journals Ethnic group differences in cardiometabolic disease risk factors independent of body mass index among American youth

Obesity ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 424-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Messiah ◽  
Kristopher L. Arheart ◽  
Gabriela Lopez-Mitnik ◽  
Steven E. Lipshultz ◽  
Tracie L. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disease ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Ethnic Group Differences ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disease Risk

scholarly journals Single-Arm 8-Week Ad Libitum Self-Prepared Paleo Diet Reduces Cardiometabolic Disease Risk Factors in Overweight Adults

2019 ◽  
pp. 155982761986615
Author(s):  
Melissa M. Markofski ◽  
Kristofer Jennings ◽  
Chad Dolan ◽  
Natalie A. Davies ◽  
Emily C. LaVoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disease ◽  
Paleo Diet ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Physically Inactive ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disease Risk

The paleo diet is popular among the general population due to promoted weight loss and disease prevention benefits. We examined the effectiveness of a self-administered paleo diet in improving cardiometabolic disease risk factors. Overweight, physically inactive but otherwise healthy adults (males = 4, females = 3, age 32.7 ± 4.9 years, body mass index [BMI] 29.4 ± 2.4 kg/m2) habitually eating a traditional Western diet (1853.4 ± 441.2 kcal; 34.0% carbohydrate; 41.4% fat; 19.2% protein) completed an ad libitum self-administered paleo diet for 8 weeks. Height, weight, blood pressure, and a fasting blood sample were collected pre– and post–paleo dietary intervention. Blood samples were analyzed for fasting cardiometabolic disease biomarkers—including brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 21, and leptin. After 8 weeks, body mass (−5.3 kg, P = .008), BMI (−1.7 kg/m2, P = .002), serum leptin (−56.2%, P = .012), serum FGF21 (−26.7%, P = .002), and serum BDNF (−25.8%, P = .045) significantly decreased. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were unchanged following the paleo dietary intervention ( P > .05). Average energy intake (−412.6 kcal, P = .016) significantly decreased with the paleo dietary intervention mostly due to a reduction in carbohydrate consumption (−69.2 g; P = .003). An 8-week self-administered paleo dietary intervention was effective in improving cardiometabolic disease risk factors in a healthy, physically inactive overweight adult population.

scholarly journals Setting fire to fat

2019 ◽  
Vol 294 (25) ◽  
pp. 9720-9721
Author(s):  
Zhihui Zhang ◽  
Min-Dian Li
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Nonhuman Primate ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Metabolic Health ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disease ◽  
Molecular Functions ◽  
Mechanistic Understanding ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disease Risk

Adropin is a liver-secreted peptide that is crucial for metabolic health. However, the molecular functions and clinical significance of adropin have not been adequately explored. Butler et al. now investigate adropin expression profiles and links to cardiometabolic disease risk in two nonhuman primate models, increasing our translational and mechanistic understanding of this fascinating hormone.

scholarly journals Lifestyle-intervention-induced reduction of abdominal fat is reflected by a decreased circulating glycerol level and an increased HDL diameter

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marian Beekman ◽  
Bianca A.M. Schutte ◽  
Erik B. van den Akker ◽  
Raymond Noordam ◽  
Petra Dibbets-Schneider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Lifestyle Intervention ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disease ◽  
General Weight ◽  
Metabolic Biomarkers

SCOPEAbdominal obesity is one of the main modifiable risk factors of age-related cardiometabolic disease. Cardiometabolic disease risk and its associated high abdominal fat mass, high cholesterol and glucose concentrations can be reduced by a healthier lifestyle. Hence, our aim is to understand the relation between lifestyle-induced changes in body composition, and specifically abdominal fat, and accompanying changes in circulating metabolic biomarkers.Methods and resultsWe used the data from the Growing Old Together (GOTO) study, in which 164 older adults (mean age 63 years, BMI 23-35 kg/m2) changed their lifestyle during 13 weeks by 12.5% caloric restriction plus 12.5% increase in energy expenditure. We show that levels of circulating metabolic biomarkers, even after adjustment for body mass index, specifically associate with abdominal fat mass. Next, we show that the applied lifestyle intervention mainly reduces abdominal fat mass (−2.6%, SD=3.0) and that this reduction, when adjusted for general weight loss, is highly associated with decreased circulating glycerol concentrations and increased HDL diameter.ConclusionsThe lifestyle-induced reduction of abdominal fat mass is particularly associated, independent of body mass index or general weight loss, with associated with decreased circulating glycerol concentrations and increased HDL diameter.

scholarly journals The Effect of Elevated Body Mass Index on Ischemic Heart Disease Risk: Causal Estimates from a Mendelian Randomisation Approach

PLoS Medicine ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. e1001212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Børge G. Nordestgaard ◽  
Tom M. Palmer ◽  
Marianne Benn ◽  
Jeppe Zacho ◽  
Anne Tybjærg-Hansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Mendelian Randomisation ◽  
Elevated Body Mass Index ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease Risk ◽  
Heart Disease Risk

scholarly journals Breastfeeding in the First Days of Life Is Associated With Lower Blood Pressure at 3 Years of Age

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kozeta Miliku ◽  
Theo J. Moraes ◽  
Allan B. Becker ◽  
Piushkumar J. Mandhane ◽  
Malcolm R. Sears ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Maternal Body Mass Index ◽  
Lower Blood Pressure ◽  
Lower Blood ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Background Breastfeeding in infancy is associated with lower cardiovascular disease risk in adulthood; however, the amount of breastfeeding required to achieve this benefit is unknown. Methods and Results In the CHILD (Canadian Healthy Infant Longitudinal Development) Cohort Study, we analyzed 2382 children with complete data on early life feeding and blood pressure. Infant feeding was documented from hospital records in the first few days of life and reported by mothers throughout infancy. Blood pressure was measured at 3 years of age. Analyses controlled for birth weight, gestational age, socioeconomic status, maternal body mass index, and other potential confounders. We found that nearly all children (2333/2382; 97.9%) were ever breastfed, of whom 98 (4.2%) only briefly received breast milk during their birth hospitalization (“early limited breastfeeding”). At 3 years of age, blood pressure was higher in children who were never breastfed (mean systolic/diastolic 103/60 mm Hg) compared with those who were ever breastfed (99/58 mm Hg), including those who received only early limited breastfeeding (99/57 mm Hg). These differences in systolic blood pressure persisted in adjusted models (ever breastfed: −3.47 mm Hg, 95% CI, −6.14 to −0.80; early limited breastfeeding: −4.24 mm Hg, 95% CI, −7.45 to −1.04). Among breastfed children, there was no significant dose‐response association according to the duration or exclusivity of breastfeeding. Associations were not mediated by child body mass index. Conclusions Although the benefits of sustained and exclusive breastfeeding are indisputable, this study indicates any breastfeeding, regardless of duration or exclusivity, is associated with lower blood pressure at 3 years of age. Further research examining the bioactive components of early breast milk, underlying mechanisms, and long‐term associations is warranted.

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