scholarly journals A Comprehensive Analysis of Poverty in India

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arvind Panagariya ◽  
Megha Mukim
Keyword(s):  
Social Groups ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Disadvantaged Groups ◽  
Socially Disadvantaged ◽  
Accelerated Growth ◽  
Poverty Lines ◽  
Caste Groups

This paper offers a comprehensive analysis of poverty in India. It shows that regardless of which of the two official poverty lines we use, we see a steady decline in poverty in all states and for all social and religious groups. Accelerated growth between fiscal years 2004–2005 and 2009–2010 also led to an accelerated decline in poverty rates. Moreover, the decline in poverty rates during these years has been sharper for the socially disadvantaged groups relative to upper caste groups so that we now observe a narrowing of the gap in the poverty rates between the two sets of social groups. The paper also provides a discussion of the recent controversies in India regarding the choice of poverty lines.

Higher Education in India from 1983 to 2014: Participation, Access and Labour Market Outcomes across Socio-religious Groups

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jannet Farida Jacob
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Disadvantaged Groups ◽  
Education Group ◽  
Labour Market Outcomes

This article uses National Sample Survey (NSS) data to analyse the trends in India’s higher education in terms of participation, access and institutional preferences during the last three decades between 1983 and 2014. It documents a remarkable participation growth in higher education across socio-religious groups since the early 1980s; the number of higher educated persons has doubled in each decade especially among the younger age cohort. The increase in participation of the socially disadvantaged groups (SDGs) in higher education, however, was not on a par with the participation levels of advantageous groups; rural females among the disadvantaged groups are particularly lagging. The share of enrolment in government institutions (GIs) has declined while in private institutions it has considerably increased from across social groups, albeit in varying degrees and from top quintile groups. The labour market outcomes show declining workforce participation rates among the higher educated, especially the female graduates who end up in domestic work. The greater wage premium for higher education has, however, not bridged the gap between social groups. Instead, the outcomes within the same education group vary, witnessed in the low real wage for the disadvantaged and declining wage ratio between the disadvantaged and the advantageous groups.

scholarly journals Humanitarian Diplomacy

2018 ◽  
pp. 382-392
Author(s):  
Antonio Gazzanti Pugliese di Cotrone
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
International Federation ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Disadvantaged Groups ◽  
Socially Disadvantaged ◽  
Open Borders

The article describes humanitarian diplomacy that has to break a potential ideological ice between belligerent parties, establish a network of diplomatic connections in a skillful way, and use every opportunity available to support victims of war. An indisputable fact is that the higher the reputation and the stronger the trust to those using humanitarian diplomacy strategies, the better results will be achieved. The combination of diplomacy and humanitarian activities may lead to the emergence of unexpected interactions. The International Federation of Red Cross mentions that the goal humanitarian diplomacy seeks to achieve is the provision of better care for socially disadvantaged groups of society from governments; establishment of closer ties with decision-makers to generate opportunities to influence them; maintenance of a permanent dialogue at both national and international levels; engagement to a discussion of those who work in the field of humanitarian diplomacy; increase in transparency of such discussion; enhancement of the ability to govern all the useful resources; cooperation with other actors pursuing the same humanitarian goals. Humanitarian diplomacy has to direct its actions at all crises and to both governmental and non-governmental entities of international law; take into account that its aim is to open borders and establish humanitarian corridors ensuring the provision of direct assistance to refugees. The main task is to guarantee long-term actions, while avoiding temporary and fragile alternatives. That is the basis for humanitarian diplomacy of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta with all its peculiarities. Keywords: the Sovereign Military Order of Malta, Red Cross, international law, humanitarian diplomacy, crises.

scholarly journals Tradisi Doa Berantai dan Inklusi Sosial Keagamaan di Desa Kepung Kabupaten Kediri

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-153
Author(s):  
Asyhabuddin Asyhabuddin
Keyword(s):  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Religious Diversity ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Active Participation ◽  
Religious Conflict ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Religious Attitudes ◽  
Unique Method

This paper seeks to examine the tradition of chain prayer and religious social inclusion in Kepung Village, Kediri Regency. The idea of this paper came from the growing religious conflict. The inhabitants of Kepung village in Kediri, East Java district, have a unique method to build harmonious relations between religions amid the potential conflicts of religious diversity they have. The data were obtained by interviewing people in Kepung Village, Kediri Regency. That method is a tradition of chain prayer which is carried out as a series of village cleaning traditions every month of Sura in the Javanese calendar. This tradition fosters social religious inclusion because this tradition builds inclusive religious attitudes, inclusive religious policies, and guarantees access and active participation of religious social groups. In addition, this tradition also narrows ethnic distance because it can provide the expectations of minority religious groups, thus generating trust between religious groups.   Tulisan ini berusaha untuk mengkaji tentang tradisi doa berantai dan inklusi sosial keagamaan di Desa Kepung Kabupaten Kediri. Ide tulisan ini berasal dari semakin berkembangnya konflik keagamaan, warga desa Kepung di kabupaten Kediri Jawa Timur memiliki cara unik untuk membangun keharmonisan hubungan antar agama di tengah potensi konflik keragaman agama yang mereka miliki. Data-data diperoleh dengan wawancara kepada orang-orang di Desa Kepung Kabupaten Kediri. Cara itu adalah tradisi doa berantai yang dilakukan sebagai rangkaian dari tradisi bersih desa setiap bulan Sura dalam penanggalan Jawa. Tradisi ini memupuk inklusi sosial keagamaan karena tradisi ini membangun sikap keagamaan inklusif, kebijakan keagamaan inklusif dan menjamin akses dan partisipasi aktif kelompok minoritas keagamaan. Selain itu, tradisi ini juga mempersempit ethnic distance karena mampu memberikan ekspektasi kelompok keagamaan minoritas, sehingga memunculkan rasa percaya (trust) antar kelompok keagamaan yang ada.

Building Progressive Coalitions around Experience-Based Politics

2018 ◽  
pp. 100-120
Author(s):  
Keisha Lindsay
Keyword(s):  
Social Groups ◽  
Coalition Building ◽  
Black Boys ◽  
Disadvantaged Groups ◽  
Specific Circumstance ◽  
Critical Understanding

This dialectic between experience and politics sheds important light on the possibility of building coalitions among disadvantaged groups. Such coalitions are possible when social groups use a normative-critical understanding of power to interrogate the assumptions and demands associated with their own and others’ experience-based claims. Doing this allows ABMS’ supporters to recognize that they, like their feminist critics, make emancipatory and oppressive experiential claims. They are consequently united by a conundrum - how to reap the benefits without succumbing to the limitations of their respective claims. The end of this chapter concretizes this vision of coalition building by detailing a specific circumstance - a roundtable on ABMS in which supporters and critics assess the risks and rewards of constructing black boys as intersectionally oppressed.

Politics, ethno-religious conflicts and democratic consolidation in Nigeria

2003 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ukoha Ukiwo
Keyword(s):  
Good Governance ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Democratic Consolidation ◽  
Military Regime ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Religious Conflicts ◽  
National Question ◽  
Central Argument ◽  
Democratic Stability ◽  
Violent Conflicts

This article examines the explosion of violent ethno-religious and communal conflicts in Nigeria, contrary to the widespread expectation that the inauguration of the civilian administration would usher in democratic stability. The nature of the politics of the transition programme and the reluctance of the post-military regime to address the national question have led to the resurgence of social groups that make demands for incorporation and empowerment. The central argument is that unbridled competition for power, and the failure of government to deliver democratic dividends, have resulted in violent conflicts, especially between ethnic and religious groups, endangering the country's nascent democracy. Good governance, especially accountability, transparency and equity, would restore governmental legitimacy, inter-ethnic and religious harmony and promote democratic consolidation.

scholarly journals Socially Disadvantaged Groups and Microfinance in India

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 537-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Marie Baland ◽  
Rohini Somanathan ◽  
Lore Vandewalle
Keyword(s):  
Disadvantaged Groups ◽  
Socially Disadvantaged

Survey of Discriminatory Beliefs and Attitudes toward Employment of Socially Disadvantaged Groups

1967 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 983-984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edro I. Signori ◽  
Henry Rempel
Keyword(s):  
Disadvantaged Groups ◽  
Socially Disadvantaged ◽  
Beliefs And Attitudes

The general results of a survey of discriminatory beliefs and attitudes concerning the employment of various disadvantaged groups were reported. Discriminatory beliefs and attitudes were classified under 12 heuristic categories.

scholarly journals Applying the Electronic Health Literacy Lens: Systematic Review of Electronic Health Interventions Targeted at Socially Disadvantaged Groups

10.2196/18476 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. e18476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Cheng ◽  
Alison Beauchamp ◽  
Gerald R Elsworth ◽  
Richard H Osborne
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Low Income ◽  
User Involvement ◽  
Low Literacy ◽  
Ehealth Literacy ◽  
Disadvantaged Groups ◽  
Socially Disadvantaged ◽  
Electronic Health ◽  
Improve Health

Background Electronic health (eHealth) has the potential to improve health outcomes. However, eHealth systems need to match the eHealth literacy needs of users to be equitably adopted. Socially disadvantaged groups have lower access and skills to use technologies and are at risk of being digitally marginalized, leading to the potential widening of health disparities. Objective This systematic review aims to explore the role of eHealth literacy and user involvement in developing eHealth interventions targeted at socially disadvantaged groups. Methods A systematic search was conducted across 10 databases for eHealth interventions targeted at older adults, ethnic minority groups, low-income groups, low-literacy groups, and rural communities. The eHealth Literacy Framework was used to examine the eHealth literacy components of reviewed interventions. The results were analyzed using narrative synthesis. Results A total of 51 studies reporting on the results of 48 interventions were evaluated. Most studies were targeted at older adults and ethnic minorities, with only 2 studies focusing on low-literacy groups. eHealth literacy was not considered in the development of any of the studies, and no eHealth literacy assessment was conducted. User involvement in designing interventions was limited, and eHealth intervention developmental frameworks were rarely used. Strategies to assist users in engaging with technical systems were seldom included in the interventions, and accessibility features were limited. The results of the included studies also provided inconclusive evidence on the effectiveness of eHealth interventions. Conclusions The findings highlight that eHealth literacy is generally overlooked in developing eHealth interventions targeted at socially disadvantaged groups, whereas evidence about the effectiveness of such interventions is limited. To ensure equal access and inclusiveness in the age of eHealth, eHealth literacy of disadvantaged groups needs to be addressed to help avoid a digital divide. This will assist the realization of recent technological advancements and, importantly, improve health equity.

Equity in Access to Higher Education for Special Needs and Socially Deprived Students in Georgia

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikoloz PARJANADZE ◽  
Irma KAPANADZE
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Social Justice ◽  
Special Needs ◽  
Policy Discourse ◽  
Access To Higher Education ◽  
Disadvantaged Groups ◽  
Socially Disadvantaged ◽  
Admission System ◽  
Equity In Access ◽  
Fair Access

The goal of the article is to explore the issue of equity in access to higher education (HE) for special needs andsocially deprived students, give a vivid picture of education policy discourse in the system of higher education andshow the importance of defending the principles of social justice in order to ensure inclusion for vulnerable groups.The overview of the Georgian legislation including the law of Georgia on higher education is of vital importance tosee the statutory responsibilities towards socially disadvantaged groups. The analysis of the Georgian highereducation system alongside the admission system is vital to understand whether it serves and meets society’s needsand demands in terms of social justice and to generalize the factors that work either as incentives or impedimentsfor socially deprived and special needs students to get a fair access to higher education.

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