scholarly journals Slow Disaster in the Anthropocene: A Historian Witnesses Climate Change on the Korean Peninsula

Daedalus ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 149 (4) ◽  
pp. 192-206
Author(s):  
Scott Gabriel Knowles
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Korean Peninsula ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Historical Narratives ◽  
Social Production ◽  
The Social ◽  
A Site ◽  
Historical Methods

Despite their seeming reluctance to engage in the politics of the now, historians have a crucial role to play as witnesses to climate change and its attendant social injustices. Climate change is a product of industrialization, but its effects are known in different geographical and temporal scales through the compilation and analysis of historical narratives. This essay explores modes of thinking about disasters and temporality, the Anthropocene, and the social production of risk – set against a case study of the Korean DMZ as a site for historical witnessing. Historical methods are crucial if we are to investigate deeply the social processes that have produced climate change. A “slow disaster in the Anthropocene” approach might show the way forward.

scholarly journals Extending Geodemographics Using Data Primitives: A Review and a Methodological Proposal

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 386
Author(s):  
Jennie Gray ◽  
Lisa Buckner ◽  
Alexis Comber
Keyword(s):  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Feature Space ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
Current State ◽  
Cluster Label ◽  
Static Data ◽  
The Social ◽  
Using Data

This paper reviews geodemographic classifications and developments in contemporary classifications. It develops a critique of current approaches and identifiea a number of key limitations. These include the problems associated with the geodemographic cluster label (few cluster members are typical or have the same properties as the cluster centre) and the failure of the static label to describe anything about the underlying neighbourhood processes and dynamics. To address these limitations, this paper proposed a data primitives approach. Data primitives are the fundamental dimensions or measurements that capture the processes of interest. They can be used to describe the current state of an area in a multivariate feature space, and states can be compared over multiple time periods for which data are available, through for example a change vector approach. In this way, emergent social processes, which may be too weak to result in a change in a cluster label, but are nonetheless important signals, can be captured. As states are updated (for example, as new data become available), inferences about different social processes can be made, as well as classification updates if required. State changes can also be used to determine neighbourhood trajectories and to predict or infer future states. A list of data primitives was suggested from a review of the mechanisms driving a number of neighbourhood-level social processes, with the aim of improving the wider understanding of the interaction of complex neighbourhood processes and their effects. A small case study was provided to illustrate the approach. In this way, the methods outlined in this paper suggest a more nuanced approach to geodemographic research, away from a focus on classifications and static data, towards approaches that capture the social dynamics experienced by neighbourhoods.

scholarly journals Memory as a social and discursive practice in monuments. A case study of the Tapio Rautavaara Monument

1970 ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Tuuli Lähdesmäki
Keyword(s):  
Crucial Role ◽  
Discursive Practice ◽  
Historical Narratives ◽  
Imagined Community ◽  
The Past

Monuments are protagonists in many historical narratives. They “tell” fascinating stories of past times and past heroes and “advise” us to commemorate and reminisce. But who is actually doing the telling and to whom? How are the stories formed? In monuments the past and present, memory and history, meet in a complex way and form a structure of meanings reflecting the narratives and values of the so-called imagined community. Discursive and narrative practices play a crucial role in the formation and production of the meanings of monuments. 

The Social Production of Ethics in Debian and Free Software Communities

2005 ◽  
pp. 273-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.G. Coleman ◽  
Benjamin Hill
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Free Software ◽  
Social Production ◽  
Software Projects ◽  
Collaborative Development ◽  
Software Licenses ◽  
The Social ◽  
Volunteer Labor ◽  
Ethnographic Analysis

This chapter examines the way that participation in Free software projects increases commitments to information freedom among participants. With the Debian project as its core case study, it argues that in Free and Open Source software communities, ethics are reinforced through the sustained collaborative development of code and discussions and decisions around Free software licenses and project policy. In the final section, the chapter draws on the ethnographic analysis of ethical cultivation in Debian to describe a model of ethical volunteerism based on institutional independence, volunteer labor, and networks of trust that is applicable to a range of vocations.

scholarly journals T-labs and climate change narratives: Co-researcher qualities in transgressive action–research

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Macintyre ◽  
Tatiana Monroy ◽  
David Coral ◽  
Margarita Zethelius ◽  
Valentina Tassone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Climate Change ◽  
Action Research ◽  
Knowledge Creation ◽  
Science And Society ◽  
Action Research Project ◽  
Methodological Innovation ◽  
The Arts ◽  
The Social

This paper addresses the call for more action-based narratives of grassroot resistance to runaway climate change. At a time when deep changes in society are needed in order to respond to climate change and related sustainability issues, there are calls for greater connectivity between science and society, and for more inclusive and disruptive forms of knowledge creation and engagement. The contention of this paper is that the forces and structures that create a disconnect between science and society must be ‘transgressed’. This paper introduces a concept of Transgressive Action Research as a methodological innovation that enables the co-creation of counter hegemonic pathways towards sustainability. Through the method of the Living Spiral Framework, fieldwork reflexions from the Colombian case study of the international T-Learning project were elicited, uncovering and explicating the transgressive learning qualities needed to respond to climate change. As part of a larger action–research project, this paper combines the arts with the social sciences, demonstrating how the concept of ‘Transgressive Action Research’ can enable co-researchers to engage in disruptive and transformative processes, meeting the need for more radical approaches to addressing the urgent challenges of climate change.

…Let No One Split Asunder: Controversy In Human Genetic Engineering

1987 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley S. Robin ◽  
Gerald E. Markle
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Social Implication ◽  
The Social ◽  
Human Genetic Engineering ◽  
Genetic Science

In 1980 the first recombinant genetic engineering experiments on humans were performed. These experiments sparked a major controversy, international in scope and potentially profound in its implications for genetic science. We develop four perspectives—substantive, network, organizational, and societal—from which science can be seen as a process having differing social implication and meaning. The research and controversy are discussed with attention to the conflicts and their resolutions from each perspective and among them. Taken together, the four perspectives are used as a single basis for understanding the social processes involved in this case study and the more general workings of science.

scholarly journals Approaching Neighborhood Democracy from a Longitudinal Perspective: An Eighteen-Year Case Study of a Homeowner Association in Beijing

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Lo
Keyword(s):  
Crucial Role ◽  
Urban China ◽  
Occupancy Rate ◽  
Social Conflicts ◽  
Housing Reform ◽  
Built Form ◽  
The Social

Neighborhood democracy was introduced into urban China in the early 1990s as a way to manage the social conflicts associated with the housing reform. Based on a case study of Dragon Villas, Beijing, this paper explores the causes, processes, and consequences of neighborhood democracy at the microlevel from a longitudinal perspective. Three insights are particularly noteworthy. First, the decrease in rental revenue and occupancy rate and the arrival of Chinese owner-occupiers contributed to the emergence of neighborhood democracy in Dragon Villas. Second, the establishment of a homeowner association, far from ending in the conclusion of neighborhood democratization, was only a first step. Furthermore, conflicts between the developer and the homeowners, and among homeowners, played a crucial role in lengthening the process of neighborhood democratization. Third, democratic self-governance resulted in improved governance, a more diverse built form that articulates individuation through consumption, and changes that reflect the importance of privacy and exclusivity.

scholarly journals Counter narratives and controversial crimes: The Wikipedia article for the ‘Murder of Meredith Kercher’

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Page
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
National Context ◽  
Counter Narratives ◽  
The Social ◽  
Open Versus ◽  
A Site ◽  
Dominant Narratives ◽  
Single Versus ◽  
Over Time

Narrative theorists have long recognised that narrative is a selective mode of representation. There is always more than one way to tell a story, which may alter according to its teller, audience and the social or historical context in which the story is told. But multiple versions of the ‘same’ events are not always valued in the same way: some versions may become established as dominant accounts, whilst others may be marginalised or resist hegemony as counter narratives (Bamberg and Andrews, 2004). This essay explores the potential of Wikipedia as a site for positioning counter and dominant narratives. Through the analysis of linearity and tellership (Ochs and Capps, 2001) as exemplified through revisions of a particular article (‘Murder of Meredith Kercher’), I show how structural choices (open versus closed sequences) and tellership (single versus multiple narrators) function as mechanisms to prioritise different dominant narratives over time and across different cultural contexts. The case study points to the dynamic and relative nature of dominant and counter narratives. In the ‘Murder of Meredith Kercher’ article the counter narratives of the suspects’ guilt or innocence and their position as villains or victims depended on national context, and changed over time. The changes in the macro-social narratives are charted in the micro-linguistic analysis of structure, citations and quoted speech in four selected versions of the article, taken from the English and Italian Wikipedias.

scholarly journals The social weaving of a reading atmosphere

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 261-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Sequeiros
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Service Provision ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Code Of Conduct ◽  
Public Library ◽  
Single Case Study ◽  
Social Production ◽  
The Social

This paper discusses how public library readers in Almeida Garrett, Porto, create a reading atmosphere, focusing on meanings associated with aural conditions. Through a qualitative, single case study, ethnographic and interview techniques were applied. Readers’ actual practices and discourses, through a theoretical sample, and those of managers, staff and architects were analysed; a spatial analysis was conducted within the framework of social inequalities and power relations. The paper proposes the concept of reading atmosphere and suggests that its social production is based on a tacit, informal code of conduct in which some regular readers played an influential role. Some recommendations on service provision are made.

scholarly journals Condiciones de exposición y sensibilidad de la comunidad La Barra frente a los fenómenos meteorológicos extremos

2021 ◽  
pp. 143-162
Author(s):  
Luz-Carina Durán-Solarte ◽  
Ángel Andrés Aguilar
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
San Juan ◽  
Documentary Analysis ◽  
Spatial Changes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Community Residents ◽  
San Juan River ◽  
Multi Temporal ◽  
Del Rio

El presente artículo analiza las condiciones de vulnerabilidad de una comunidad pesquera frente a los fenómenos meteorológicos extremos agravados por el cambio climático. Se utiliza la metodología cualitativa, con apoyo en métodos geográficos, y con base en un estudio de caso: la comunidad afrodescendiente La Barra, localizada en el litoral Pacífico colombiano, en la desembocadura del río San Juan. Al existir un acceso limitado a la comunidad por sus condiciones geográficas, además de los requisitos de bioseguridad establecidos por la pandemia de COVID-19, se realizan un análisis documental y mapas multitemporales, a partir de imágenes satelitales, para visualizar los cambios espaciales de la línea costera de La Barra durante los años 2001, 2011 y 2019. Asimismo, se realizan entrevistas a expertos académicos y pobladores de la comunidad. La vulnerabilidad es entendida desde la escuela de pensamiento de la ciencia del cambio climático y la investigación sobre adaptación. Se concluye que no solo depende de los estímulos climáticos, sino también de las condiciones racializadas y marginalizadas de poblaciones afro ubicadas en territorios rurales aislados. De tal manera, la naturaleza social y política de los fenómenos meteorológicos puede transformarlos en eventos catastróficos para poblaciones vulnerables.   Abstract This article analyses the vulnerability conditions of a fishing community facing the extreme meteorological phenomena aggravated by climate change. The methodology is qualitative, supported by geographic methods, based on the case study of the “La Barra afro-descendant community”, located in the Colombian Pacific Coast, in the mouth of San Juan River. As there is limited access to the community due to its geographical conditions, besides the biosecurity requirements due to the COVID-19 pandemic, a documentary analysis, as well as multi-temporal maps based on satellite images, show the spatial changes on the coastline of La Barra, during the years 2001, 2011 and 2019. In addition to the above, interviews with academic experts and community residents are conducted. The term “vulnerability” is understood from the school of thought of climate change science and adaptation research. It is concluded that the vulnerability not only depends on climatic stimuli but also on the racialized and marginalized conditions of Afro populations located in isolated rural territories. In that way, the social and political nature of the meteorological phenomena could transform them in catastrophic events for vulnerable populations.

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