scholarly journals Is There a Democracy–Civil Society Paradox in Global Environmental Governance?

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Bernauer ◽  
Tobias Böhmelt ◽  
Vally Koubi
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
Environmental Governance ◽  
International Environmental Agreements ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Environmental Public Goods ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

Civil society is commonly assumed to have a positive effect on international cooperation. This paper sheds light on one important facet of this assumption: we examine the impact of environmental non-governmental organizations (ENGOs) on ratification behavior of countries vis-à-vis international environmental agreements (IEAs). The main argument of the paper focuses on a “democracy-civil society paradox”: although ENGOs have a positive effect on ratification of IEAs on average, this effect decreases with increasing levels of democracy. This argument is counter-intuitive and appears paradoxical because democracy is generally associated both with a more active civil society and more international cooperation. The reasons for this hypothesized effect pertain to public demand for environmental public goods provision, government incentives, and problems of collective action among ENGOs. To test the net effect of ENGOs on countries' ratification behavior, the paper uses a new dataset on ENGOs in the time-period 1973–2006. The results offer strong support for the presumed democracy–civil society paradox.

scholarly journals Project Management in Development Cooperation. Non-Governmental Organizations

Innovar ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (56) ◽  
pp. 53-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maricela I. Montes-Guerra ◽  
Aida R. De-Miguel ◽  
M. Amaya Pérez-Ezcurdia ◽  
Faustino N. Gimena ◽  
H. Mauricio Díez-Silva
Keyword(s):  
Project Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Project Performance ◽  
Project Managers ◽  
Development Cooperation ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Applicable Knowledge ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

This article analyzes the adoption of project management practices in development cooperation NGOs and their influence on project performance. This paper illustrates the impact in the implementation of methodologies, techniques and tools on outcomes, measured by success criteria of several projects recently implemented. Information from the project managers of the organizations was collected, and complemented by a literature review. We analyzed the correlation among the variables that determine the adoption of a project, and the criteria that determine its success. The positive effect of project management adoption in the performance of cooperation projects is demonstrated, in spite of the low use of methodologies, techniques and tools within the sector. The article shows the importance of project management in cooperation and aid projects, with the purpose of increasing researchers' awareness about the field as applicable knowledge and about the benefits of its use in the sector. The paper shows that project management can improve project efficiency and accountability in other sectors.

Environmental Non-Governmental Organizations and Russian Environmental Governance: Accountability, Participation and Collaboration

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 341-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Sofronova ◽  
Cameron Holley ◽  
Vijaya Nagarajan
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Governance ◽  
The State ◽  
Collaborative Relationship ◽  
Accountability Measures ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Effective Role ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis article examines the role of environmental non-governmental organizations (ENGOs) in Russia and the impact of tightening governmental accountability measures. Drawing on 18 interviews conducted in 2012–13 with Russian and international ENGOs, the article examines three key governance issues, namely: the collaborative relationship between the state and ENGOs, the impact of accountability measures on ENGO activities, and the relationships between ENGOs themselves. The findings reveal that ENGOs maintain a legitimate and effective role within Russian environmental governance. However, their legitimacy and success is significantly limited and threatened by increasing accountability measures and state actions. The article accordingly identifies a number of recommendations for increasing the likelihood of successful ENGO action in Russian environmental governance, including improving ENGO collaboration with the state and resolving tensions between participation and accountability.

Hegemonic Relationships: Donor Countries and NGOs in Western Balkan Post-Conflict Reconstruction

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 312-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Tzifakis ◽  
Asteris Huliaras
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Learning Processes ◽  
Global Level ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Weak Learning ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Comparative Examination

The impact of Non-Governmental Organizations’ reconstruction activities in Bosnia and Kosovo was largely determined by the nature and content of two dominant relationships. The first is the donor countries-International NGO (INGO) relationship. To grasp the importance of this relationship, it suffices to mention that, at the global level, donors give around five times more funds to INGOs (and more precisely to their own national NGOs) than to Local NGOs (LNGOs). The second is the International NGO-LNGO relationship. With respect to the first relationship, donor countries had a clear hegemonic position vis-à-vis INGOs. In turn, INGOs developed a hegemonic position towards LNGOs. These hegemonic relationships undermined the quality and effectiveness of aid disbursed and failed to promote the development of an open and democratic civil society. More interestingly, although most donors and INGOs got involved in the post-conflict reconstruction of both countries, very weak learning processes seem to have operated in the region. A comparative examination of the two reconstruction efforts reveals that the manifestation of many inefficiencies and failures was indeed even more acute in Kosovo than in Bosnia.

scholarly journals Institutions of civil society in the process of implementation of European integration policy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruslan Mokhnyuk
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
European Integration ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Integration Policy ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of the article is to investigate the impact of European integration processes on the development and diversity of civil society institutions in Ukraine. Methodology. The interdisciplinary approach to scientific knowledge in culturology, philosophy, political science, sociology has expanded the complex idea of ​​European integration criteria for the development of public institutions in Ukraine. The culturological method contributed to the introduction of data on the influence of civil society institutions on its development into the research structure. The method of statistical data analysis allowed us to trace the quantitative slice in the direction of increasing the institutions of civil society. The scientific novelty lies in the complexity of the approach to identifying synergies and interdependence of European integration and institutional citizenship processes in Ukraine. Conclusions. Realizing the national interests of Ukraine, the European choice opens new prospects for cooperation with the continent, promotes the development of civil society institutions, provides opportunities for economic progress, strengthens Ukraine's position in the world system of international relations, opens the way to collective structures of common security. Current trends in the development of civil society institutions in Ukraine in the context of European integration policy are: increasing the number of civil society institutions, flexibility of their response to public needs, different areas of their activities, media intensification in consolidating society, focusing on international legislation, use of grant projects; participation in international cultural practices. The scientific support of coordinated interaction of civil society with various branches of government on issues of European integration processes contributes to the improvement of the activity of civil society institutions. To do this, they use cultural, informational, consultative, dialogue, partnership tools for the implementation of European integration reforms in Ukraine. However, it is important to note that the interaction of Western states and civil society institutions is quite active and fruitful in contrast to the situation in Ukraine, where the state is interested in the development of these institutions, but they are not active enough in cooperation and positioning themselves in solving important problems, limited to the fragmentary participation in the life processes of the country. Keywords: civil society, non-governmental organizations, public institutions, European integration, cultural practices of Rivne region.

The Advance of the Party: Transformation or Takeover of Urban Grassroots Society?

2013 ◽  
Vol 213 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia M. Thornton
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
State Control ◽  
Hybrid Form ◽  
Party Building ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Previous Decade ◽  
National Model ◽  
Party Transformation ◽  
The Impact

AbstractWhile existing scholarship focuses attention on the impact of state control and repression on Chinese civil society, the increasingly independent role of the Communist Party has been largely overlooked. This article reviews the Party's drive to “comprehensively cover” grassroots society over the previous decade against the theoretical debate unfolding among Chinese scholars and Party theoreticians regarding the Party's role with respect to civil society. Focusing on greater Shanghai, frequently cited as a national model of Party-building, I describe the Party's advance and the emergence of Party-organized non-governmental organizations (PONGOs), a new hybrid form of social organization sponsored and supported by local Party committees. I argue that these developments invite a reconsideration of our understandings of the ongoing “associational revolution” and of the Party's relationship to China's flourishing “third realm.”

Perspectives on Unethical Behaviors among Accounting Students in Emerging Markets

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 247-257
Author(s):  
Noor Afza Amran ◽  
Mohamad Naimi Mohamad Nor ◽  
Pupung Purnamasari ◽  
Rudy Hartanto
Keyword(s):  
Unethical Behavior ◽  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Unethical Behaviors ◽  
Regulatory Bodies ◽  
The Impact

Unethical activities have a diverse impact on society. Such activities, if not properly curbed, can destroy the values and culture of an organization. Thus, an understanding of the attitude of young people towards unethical behavior is necessary because they are the future leaders who will determine the direction and success of nations. This study investigates the factors that stimulate unethical behavior among university students in Malaysia and Indonesia. A survey questionnaire was distributed to accounting student respondents in selected universities. This study applies the Partial Least Squares technique to confirm the results. The findings show strong support for a direct relationship between attitude and unethical behavior in the Malaysian setting and a significant direct relationship between perceived behavioral control and subjective norm with unethical behavior in the Indonesian setting. In terms of contribution, this study has raised the awareness to the relevant regulatory bodies of the need to seriously educate society, especially the youth, on the impact of unethical behavior on a nation's development. Severe penalties and fines must be imposed on individuals committing unethical behavior. Educators need to revamp existing syllabi and embed ethical behavior content into them. Society needs to support anti-corruption activities carried out by regulatory bodies, the community, and non-governmental organizations (NGOs), so the presence of unethical activities can be minimized, and the dignity of society can be elevated.

Challenges to immigrant associations and NGOs in contemporary Greece

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 342-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Apostolos G. Papadopoulos ◽  
Christos Chalkias ◽  
Loukia-Maria Fratsea
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Geographical Range ◽  
Legal Form ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Migrant Integration ◽  
Concentration Patterns

The paper explores the challenges faced today, in a context of severe economic crisis, by immigrant associations (ΙΜΑs) and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) in Greece. The data analysed here was collected between October 2009 and February 2010 and incorporates references to all recorded migration-related social actors operating in Greece. The paper takes into account such indicators as legal form, objectives, financial capacity and geographical range of activity, concluding with a typology of civil society actors dealing with migration issues. This study aims at informing the migration policymaking and migrant integration processes. By a spatial hot-spot clustering of IMAs and NGOs, we also illustrate the concentration patterns of civil society actors in Greece.

Exhibition and Trade Fair Activity and Economic Crises: response measures and factors for recovery

Communicology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-89
Author(s):  
A.A. Nazarov
Keyword(s):  
Trade Fair ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Multiplier Effect ◽  
Response Measures ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Exhibition Industry

The paper represents the analysis of the impact on the exhibition and trade fair activity of the Russian Federation during crisis situations caused by external factors. The author examined the major anticrisis measures, industry statistics and the main trends in the postcrisis phase. The fundamental role of the exhibition industry as a tool is caused by stimulation of economic sectors recovery from the crisis due to the multiplier effect. The particular relevance of the article is justified by a comprehensive study of the state of the industry during the current crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The author provides an overview of main government support measures for the industry and explains factors that have reduced some of these measures. Also, the author examined in detail activities of non-governmental organizations and associations of the exhibition industry in lobbying for the provision of state support and educational and legal assistance to Russian exhibition companies. Thus, the importance of coordinating activities of all participants in the exhibition industry and, in particular, further consolidation of interaction at the level of industry associations, becomes apparent. Besides, the author suggests a number of measures, such as highlighting exhibitions, trade fairs and congresses from the list of mass events following the example of Germany, introducing insurability for exhibition organizers in case of postponement or cancellation of events due to emergency circumstances, standardizing public health and hygiene rules. Their practical application should mitigate the way out of the current situation.

NGOs for International Justice

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kjersti Lohne
Keyword(s):  
International Criminal Court ◽  
International Criminal ◽  
Criminal Court ◽  
International Justice ◽  
Relative Lack ◽  
International Crimes ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Oriented Approach

Kjersti Lohne describes the impact of non-governmental organizations at the International Criminal Court (ICC), in particular discussing the relative lack of regard for defendants’ rights, and especially highlighting the difficulties encountered by those acquitted. After the Coalition for the International Criminal Court contributed to the establishment of the ICC itself in the fight against impunity for international crimes, that Coalition has continued a victim-oriented approach, arguably at the expense of defendants’ rights. The ICC’s focus on victims, ‘truth’, and ‘memory’ may challenge the legitimacy of the Court in the longer run.

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