View from Vanishing Point

Mnemosyne ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 725-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.M. Griffiths
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Vanishing Point ◽  
The Past ◽  
Epistemic Access ◽  
Strategic Model ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Events ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
And Control ◽  
Critical Moments

This paper explores the aspects of mortal temporal awareness which Eteocles reveals as he struggles with the paradox that we have epistemic access to the past but not to the future. His rejection of divine assistance and his attempt to shape strategy and control future events have particular resonance for contemporary Athens where control of muthos and kairos was increasingly viewed as key to determining the future of the polis. The Pindaric model of the myth in Pythian 8 bolsters oligarchic tradition, while Aeschylus suggests a new strategic model for the evolving democratic meta-city. Through analysis of critical moments, imagery and Aeschylus’ stylistic use of tense and mood, we see how Eteocles follows a linguistic trajectory which articulates his psychological journey and highlights the spatio-temporal dynamics of the play.

scholarly journals A palace fit for the future: Desirability in temporal work

2021 ◽  
pp. 147612702110120
Author(s):  
Siavash Alimadadi ◽  
Andrew Davies ◽  
Fredrik Tell
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
The Past ◽  
Renewal Program ◽  
The Future ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Future Events ◽  
Future Outcomes ◽  
Pluralistic Contexts

Research on the strategic organization of time often assumes that collective efforts are motivated by and oriented toward achieving desirable, although not necessarily well-defined, future states. In situations surrounded by uncertainty where work has to proceed urgently to avoid an impending disaster, however, temporal work is guided by engaging with both desirable and undesirable future outcomes. Drawing on a real-time, in-depth study of the inception of the Restoration and Renewal program of the Palace of Westminster, we investigate how organizational actors develop a strategy for an uncertain and highly contested future while safeguarding ongoing operations in the present and preserving the heritage of the past. Anticipation of undesirable future events played a crucial role in mobilizing collective efforts to move forward. We develop a model of future desirability in temporal work to identify how actors construct, link, and navigate interpretations of desirable and undesirable futures in their attempts to create a viable path of action. By conceptualizing temporal work based on the phenomenological quality of the future, we advance understanding of the strategic organization of time in pluralistic contexts characterized by uncertainty and urgency.

Church Time and Astrological Time in the Waning Middle Ages

2002 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 117-132
Author(s):  
Hilary M. Carey
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Missed Opportunities ◽  
The Past ◽  
Adam And Eve ◽  
Primary Qualities ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Events ◽  
Scientific Claims ◽  
To Come

Time, according to medieval theologians and philosophers, was experienced in radically different ways by God and by his creation. Indeed, the obligation to dwell in time, and therefore to have no sure knowledge of what was to come, was seen as one of the primary qualities which marked the post-lapsarian state. When Adam and Eve were cast out of the garden of delights, they entered a world afflicted with the changing of the seasons, in which they were obliged to work and consume themselves with the needs of the present day and the still unknown dangers of the next. Medieval concerns about the use and abuse of time were not merely confined to anxiety about the present, or awareness of seized or missed opportunities in the past. The future was equally worrying, in particular the extent to which this part of time was set aside for God alone, or whether it was permissible to seek to know the future, either through revelation and prophecy, or through science. In the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, the scientific claims of astrology to provide a means to explain the outcome of past and future events, circumventing God’s distant authority, became more and more insistent. This paper begins by examining one skirmish in this larger battle over the control of the future.

Time and Truth: The Presentism-Eternalism Debate

Philosophy ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Stoneham
Keyword(s):  
Open Future ◽  
Equal Footing ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Events ◽  
Growing Block ◽  
The Open Future ◽  
Block Universe ◽  
The Way

AbstractThere are many questions we can ask about time, but perhaps the most fundamental is whether there are metaphysically interesting differences between past, present and future events. An eternalist believes in a block universe: past, present and future events are all on an equal footing. A gradualist believes in a growing block: he agrees with the eternalist about the past and the present but not about the future. A presentist believes that what is present has a special status. My first claim is that the familiar ways of articulating these views result in there being no substantive disagreement at all between the three parties. I then show that if we accept the controversial truthmaking principle, we can articulate a substantive disagreement. Finally, I apply this way of formulating the debate to related questions such as the open future and determinism, showing that these do not always line up in quite the way one would expect.

scholarly journals Spatio-temporal analysis of Plasmodium falciparum prevalence to understand the past and chart the future of malaria control in Kenya

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter M. Macharia ◽  
Emanuele Giorgi ◽  
Abdisalan M. Noor ◽  
Ejersa Waqo ◽  
Rebecca Kiptui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Malaria Control ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Spatio-temporal deixis and cognitive models in early Indo-European

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-44
Author(s):  
Annamaria Bartolotta
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Models ◽  
Temporal Sequence ◽  
Point Mapping ◽  
The Past ◽  
European Languages ◽  
Linguistic Evidence ◽  
Future Events ◽  
Spatial Terms ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Temporal Events

AbstractThis paper is a comparative study based on the linguistic evidence in Vedic Sanskrit and Homeric Greek, aimed at reconstructing the space-time cognitive models used in the Proto-Indo-European language in a diachronic perspective. While it has been widely recognized that ancient Indo-European languages construed earlier (and past) events as in front of later ones, as predicted in the Time-Reference-Point mapping, it is less clear how in the same languages the passage took place from this ‘archaic’ Time-RP model or non-deictic sequence, in which future events are behind or follow the past ones in a temporal sequence, to the more recent ‘post-archaic’ Ego-RP model that is found only from the classical period onwards, in which the future is located in front and the past in back of a deictic observer. Data from the Rigveda and the Homeric poems show that an Ego-RP mapping with an ego-perspective frame of reference (FoR) could not have existed yet at an early Indo-European stage. In particular, spatial terms of front and behind turn out to be used with reference not only to temporal events, but also to east and west respectively, thus presupposing the existence of an absolute field-based FoR which the temporal sequence is metaphorically related to. Specifically, sequence is relative position on a path appears to be motivated by what has been called day orientation frame, in which the different positions of the sun during the day motivate the mapping of front onto ‘earlier’ and behind onto ‘later’, without involving ego’s ‘now’. These findings suggest that early Indo-European still had not made use of spatio-temporal deixis based on the tense-related ego-perspective FoR found in modern languages.

The Role of Past in the Simulation of Autobiographical Future Episodes

2010 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 419-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Gamboz ◽  
Maria A. Brandimonte ◽  
Stefania De Vito
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Events ◽  
Delayed Recognition

Human beings’ ability to envisage the future has been recently assumed to rely on the reconstructive nature of episodic memory ( Schacter & Addis, 2007 ). In the present research, young adults mentally reexperienced and preexperienced temporally close and distant autobiographical episodes, and rated their phenomenal characteristics as well as their novelty. Additionally, they performed a delayed recognition task including remember-know judgments on new, old-remember, and old-imagine words. Results showed that past and future temporally close episodes included more phenomenal details than distant episodes, in line with earlier studies. However, future events were occasionally rated as already occurred in the past. Furthermore, in the recognition task, participants falsely attributed old-imagine words to remembered episodes. While partially in line with previous results, these findings call for a more subtle analysis in order to discriminate representations of past episodes from true future events simulations.

scholarly journals An Application of ARIMA Model to Forecast the Dynamics of COVID-19 Epidemic in India

2021 ◽  
pp. 097215092098865
Author(s):  
Rupinder Katoch ◽  
Arpit Sidhu
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Moving Average ◽  
Arima Model ◽  
National Level ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Final Size ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Near Future

The swiftly growing and overwhelming epidemic in India has intensified the question: What will the trend and magnitude of impact of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) be in India in the near future? To answer the present question, the study requires ample historical data to make an accurate forecast of the blowout of expected confirmed cases. All at once, no prediction can be certain as the past seldom reiterates itself in the future likewise. Besides, forecasts are influenced by a number of factors like reliability of the data and psychological factors like perception and reaction of the people to the hazards arising from the epidemic. The present study presents a simple but powerful and objective, that is, autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) approach, to analyse the temporal dynamics of the COVID-19 outbreak in India in the time window 30 January 2020 to 16 September 2020 and to predict the final size and trend of the epidemic over the period after 16 September 2020 with Indian epidemiological data at national and state levels. With the assumption that the data that have been used are reliable and that the future will continue to track the same outline as in the past, underlying forecasts based on ARIMA model suggest an unending increase in the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases in India in the near future. The present article suggests varying epidemic’s inflection point and final size for underlying states and for the mainland, India. The final size at national level is expected to reach 25,669,294 in the next 230 days, with infection point that can be expected to be projected only on 23 April 2021. The study has enormous potential to plan and make decisions to control the further spread of epidemic in India and provides objective forecasts for the confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the coming days corresponding to the respective COVID periods of the underlying regions.

scholarly journals COVID-19: Look to the Future, Learn from the Past

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1226
Author(s):  
Zhangkai J. Cheng ◽  
Hui-Qi Qu ◽  
Lifeng Tian ◽  
Zhifeng Duan ◽  
Hakon Hakonarson
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
New Type ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
And Control ◽  
A Current ◽  
Control Management

There is a current pandemic of a new type of coronavirus, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The number of confirmed infected cases has been rapidly increasing. This paper analyzes the characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 in comparison with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and influenza. COVID-19 is similar to the diseases caused by SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV virologically and etiologically, but closer to influenza in epidemiology and virulence. The comparison provides a new perspective for the future of the disease control, and offers some ideas in the prevention and control management strategy. The large number of infectious people from the origin, and the highly infectious and occult nature have been two major problems, making the virus difficult to eradicate. We thus need to contemplate the possibility of long-term co-existence with COVID-19.

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