Textual Criticism of the

T oung Pao ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 99 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 249-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Indraccolo
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Textual Criticism ◽  
Common Line ◽  
Degree Of Coherence ◽  
Textual Variants ◽  
High Degree

The present article compares the two principal received editions of the Gongsun Longzi in the Daozang and the Shuofu collections. Exploring the considerable number of textual variants between these two editions, the analysis challenges the acknowledged status of the Daozang as the superior version. Instead, both the Daozang and the Shuofu editions are at times inferior or superior to one another. Therefore, in the interpretation of the Gongsun Longzi both editions need to be consulted in order to unravel certain obscure passages. Altogether, due to the generally high degree of coherence between the two editions, the understanding of the Gongsun Longzi is significantly affected by textual variants only in a limited number of cases. This further suggests that the Daozang and Shuofu editions do not represent two separate lines of transmission but rather two textual witnesses of a common line. 
Cet article compare les deux principales éditions reçues du Gongsun Longzi, recueillies respectivement dans le Daozang et dans le Shuofu. L’analyse des multiples variantes textuelles entre les deux versions conduit à remettre en question la supériorité généralement admise de celle du Daozang. En réalité, chacune des deux éditions est suivant les cas supérieure ou inférieure à l’autre. Pour interpréter le Gongsun Longzi il convient par conséquent de consulter l’une et l’autre si l’on veut éclaircir certains passages obscurs. Dans la mesure où dans l’ensemble les deux éditions présentent un degré élevé de cohérence entre elles, les cas où la compréhen­sion du texte est affectée de façon significative par les variantes restent finalement peu nombreux. Ce qui suggère que les versions du Daozang et du Shuofu représentent non pas deux lignées séparées de transmission, mais plutôt deux témoignages d’une seule et même lignée.


Textual Criticism and Its Impact on the Study of Israel’s Religion and Hebrew Grammar

Textus ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Pablo A. Torijano
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Textual Criticism ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Biblical Text ◽  
Textual Variants ◽  
Literary Composition ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Or History

Abstract Textual criticism is a necessary first step when studying a biblical text. However, textual issues go beyond isolated readings and reach the literary composition of the book, Hebrew grammar, theology or history. The books of Kings / Kingdoms offer many examples where textual variants solve difficulties or shed light on other venues of study. In the present article, we study the name Molek / Molok / Milkom, the presence of the proleptic pronoun in some verses of Kings, and the names with suffix -ay from a textual point of view.

scholarly journals Navigating the Meanings of Social Justice, Teaching for Social Justice, and Multicultural Education

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyunhee Cho
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Multicultural Education ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Teaching For Social Justice ◽  
Inherent Feature ◽  
Degree Of Coherence ◽  
Social Justice Teaching ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Personal Literacy ◽  
Nancy Fraser

This article uses well-received contemporary scholarship—works by Iris Young, Nancy Fraser, Morva McDonald, Connie North, and Geneva Gay—to illuminate a high degree of coherence among the substantive meanings of social justice, teaching for social justice, and multicultural education. Based on these relationships, the article suggests that social justice is an inherent feature and goal of multicultural education, and the discourses between teaching for social justice and multicultural education should be mutually associated with one another to more effectively promote social justice. The article closes by outlining personal literacy that has the potential to enrich research and practice in multicultural education.

Variable assimilation of English word-final /n/: electropalatographic evidence

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-32
Author(s):  
ALEXEI KOCHETOV ◽  
LAURA COLANTONI ◽  
JEFFREY STEELE
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
English Word ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Small Subset ◽  
Limited Extent ◽  
Canadian English ◽  
Place Assimilation ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Phonetic Realization

The phonetic realization of the English word-final alveolar nasal /n/ is known to be highly variable. Previous articulatory work has reported both gradient and categorical nasal place assimilation including considerable between-speaker differences. This work, however, has largely focused on a small subset of place contexts (namely, preceding velar /k, ɡ/) in a limited number of English varieties. The present article uses electropalatography to study the articulatory realization of /n/ in a wider range of phonetic contexts and read texts as produced by three speakers of Canadian English. The results reveal considerable inter- and intra-speaker differences in the rates of assimilation. Consistent with previous work, we observed a high degree of variation, both gradient and categorical, before velars. Substantial rates of assimilation were also observed before labials, where the process is unexpected from the point of view of gestural phonology but predicted by traditional phonological analyses. The variation in the place and stricture of /n/ before coronals was more limited and typically gradient. Finally, some differences were observed across the text conditions, with more assimilation occurring in carrier sentences than in the read passage and, to a more limited extent, in function than in content words.

The Perceptual-Mnemonic/Feature Conjunction Model of Perirhinal Cortex Function

2005 ◽  
Vol 58 (3-4b) ◽  
pp. 269-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy J. Bussey ◽  
Lisa M. Saksida ◽  
Elisabeth A. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Visual Discrimination ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Declarative Memory ◽  
Perirhinal Cortex ◽  
Alternative View ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Visual Stream ◽  
Feature Conjunction ◽  
High Degree

The perirhinal cortex was once thought to be “silent cortex”, virtually ignored by researchers interested in the neurobiology of learning and memory. Following studies of brain damage associated with cases of amnesia, perirhinal cortex is now widely regarded as part of a “medial temporal lobe (MTL) memory system”. This system is thought to be more or less functionally homogeneous, having a special role in declarative memory, and making little or no contribution to other functions such as perception. In the present article, we summarize an alternative view. First, we propose that components of the putative MTL system such as the hippocampus and perirhinal cortex have distinct and dissociable functions. Second, we provide evidence that the perirhinal cortex has a role in visual discrimination. In addition, we propose a specific role for perirhinal cortex in visual discrimination: the contribution of complex conjunctive representations to the solution of visual discrimination problems with a high degree of “feature ambiguity”. These proposals constitute a new view of perirhinal cortex function, one that does not assume strict modularity of function in the occipito-temporal visual stream, but replaces this idea with the notion of a hierarchical representational continuum.

scholarly journals Water window ptychographic imaging with characterized coherent X-rays

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 819-827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Rose ◽  
Petr Skopintsev ◽  
Dmitry Dzhigaev ◽  
Oleg Gorobtsov ◽  
Tobias Senkbeil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Direction ◽  
Test Sample ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Diffractive Imaging ◽  
Coherent Diffractive Imaging ◽  
Water Window ◽  
Imaging Experiment ◽  
Degree Of Coherence ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Better Than

A ptychographical coherent diffractive imaging experiment in the water window with focused soft X-rays at 500 eV is reported. An X-ray beam with high degree of coherence was selected for ptychography at the P04 beamline of PETRA III synchrotron radiation source. The beam coherence was measured with the newly developed non-redundant array method, and a coherence length of 4.1 µm and global degree of coherence of 35% at 100 µm exit slit opening in the vertical direction were determined. A pinhole, 2.6 µm in size, selected the coherent part of the beam that was used to obtain ptychographic reconstruction results of a lithographically manufactured test sample and a fossil diatom. The achieved resolution was 53 nm for the test sample and was only limited by the size of the detector. The diatom was imaged at a resolution better than 90 nm.

The Attentional Bias Modification Approach to Anxiety Intervention

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin MacLeod ◽  
Patrick J. F. Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Attentional Bias ◽  
Cognitive Training ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Anxiety Reduction ◽  
Attentional Bias Modification ◽  
Attentional Selectivity ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Bias Modification ◽  
Anxiety Vulnerability

Anxiety vulnerability and dysfunction are characterized by an attentional bias to threat. Cognitive training procedures designed to modify selective attentional responding to threat originally were developed to test the hypothesis that this attentional bias causally contributes to anxious disposition. The capacity of attentional bias modification (ABM) training to alleviate dysfunctional anxiety has since attracted growing interest, and the present article reviews studies that have evaluated this therapeutic potential. When intended ABM training has successfully reduced attention to threat, it also has reduced anxiety vulnerability and symptomatology with a high degree of reliability. When the delivery of intended ABM training has not resulted in such anxiety reduction, this typically has reflected the failure to successfully modify attentional selectivity as required. We discuss ways in which ABM training procedures may be refined to optimize their capacity to reduce attentional bias to threat, to improve delivery of the resulting anxiolytic benefits.

scholarly journals Two-color phase-controlled photoemission from a zero-dimensional nanostructure

2019 ◽  
Vol 205 ◽  
pp. 05004
Author(s):  
Timo Paschen ◽  
Michael Förster ◽  
Michael Krüger ◽  
Christoph Lemell ◽  
Georg Wachter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Second Harmonic ◽  
Modulation Depth ◽  
Field Enhancement ◽  
Quantum Channels ◽  
Local Field Enhancement ◽  
Current Modulation ◽  
Optical Phase ◽  
Degree Of Coherence ◽  
Dc Electric Field ◽  
High Degree

We demonstrate that multi-photon photoemission including above-threshold multiphoton orders from a nanotip can be coherently controlled with the optical phase between two light fields. By focusing 74 fs drive pulses at 1560 nm and their second harmonic at 780 nm onto the tip and changing the optical phase between the two colors, we observe an emission current modulation of up to 97.5 %. Additionally, electron energy spectra reveal a homogeneous modulation of all multiphoton orders. Hence, the electron current can be strongly increased (by a factor of 3.7) or almost completely turned off due to interference between two different quantum channels in the material. We argue that the extremely high degree of coherence evidenced by this near-unity current modulation depth is due to the confinement of the local field enhancement at the nanotip. The nano-rod effect allows to apply large DC fields, adding a further degree of freedom to investigate the modulation contrast of the photoemitted electron yield. We show that for an increasing DC electric field a non-cooperative distribution of electron emission leads to a decrease in modulation contrast.

Interference Effects in Shadow Image Electron Microscopy (SIEM) and in STEM and CTEM of Surfaces

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 164-165
Author(s):  
J. M. Cowley ◽  
P. Goodman ◽  
P.S. Turner ◽  
M. Disko
Keyword(s):  
Incident Beam ◽  
Image Intensifier ◽  
Light Level ◽  
Interference Effects ◽  
Low Light ◽  
Degree Of Coherence ◽  
Hb S ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Convergent Beam ◽  
High Degree

It has been reported previously (1,2) that, as a result of the high degree of coherence of the incident beam a number of novel interference effects have been seen in shadow images and convergent beam diffraction patterns formed in the HB-S STEM instrument and observed by means of the optical analyser system which incorporates an image intensifier and a low light level TV camera. In this paper we report further new interference phenomena and the results of more detailed analysis of previously reported effects.

Whence Come Qurʾān Manuscripts? Determining the Regional Provenance of Early Qurʾānic Codices

Der Islam ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-393
Author(s):  
Ala Vahidnia
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
History Of ◽  
Textual Variants ◽  
Early Islamic

Abstract In studies of early Qurʾānic manuscripts, determining the provenance of these manuscripts is a thorny issue because in most cases they lack endowment notes or colophons. The reports in early Islamic sources regarding textual variants of regional codices (maṣāḥif al-amṣār) may contribute to find a solution to this problem. A list of regional variants, mostly based on al-Dānī’s al-Muqniʿ, can be found in Nöldeke et al.’s The History of the Quran. However, as the authors have stated, a comparison of some of the early Qurʾānic manuscripts in the Topkapı Sarayı Museum with this table of maṣāḥif al-amṣār variants indicates that the traditional reports are unreliable for identifying the provenance of Qurʾānic manuscripts because none of these codices can be attributed to any particular region. The present article is an attempt to demonstrate that this problem results from relying solely on the data provided by al-Dānī and ignoring earlier and more significant sources, such as al-Sijistānī’s Kitāb al-Maṣāḥif. It attempts to provide a new and more precise classification of regional variants by reading afresh the reports on the features of maṣāḥif al-amṣār, taking into account the sources which were not used by Nöldeke et al., especially al-Sijistānī’s Kitāb al-Maṣāḥif, thus making the list of maṣāḥif al-amṣār variants more accurate, thereby the variants of each of these early Qurʾānic Codices tally more with the reports preserved for the characteristics of one of the maṣāḥif al-amṣār in literary sources. As the texts of the surviving manuscripts are not of a diverse nature we are able, with some certainty, to draw conclusions that substantiate the reports as to the peculiarities of the muṣḥafs of different cities.

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