Use of ammonia-releasing compounds for control of the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica

Nematology ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuji Oka ◽  
Shimon Pivonia
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Infested Soil ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Tomato Yield ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Ammonium Compounds

AbstractThe nematicidal activities of ammonia-releasing and ammonium compounds were tested against the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica in pot, microplot and field experiments. Among ten compounds tested, NH4OH, (NH4)2HPO4 and NH4HCO3 showed greatest nematicidal activity at concentrations of 300 mg N/kg of NH4 or NH2 in pots. NH4OH was found to be the most nematicidal of these compounds. Enclosure of pots containing NH4OH-treated soils in plastic bags reduced the concentration of NH4OH needed to kill the nematodes from 200 mg N/kg in open pots to only 75 mg N/kg. In a microplot experiment, treatment of nematode-infested soil with NH4OH at 70 mg N/kg reduced the root-galling index to 0. In one field experiment, the nematicidal efficacy of NH4OH on tomato plants at doses of 1000 and 2000 kg N/ha was equivalent to those of Telopic C35® or metham sodium in combination with cadusafos. In another field experiment, NH4OH at 500 and 1000 kg N/ha increased tomato yield and at 1000 kg N/ha reduced the galling index, compared with untreated controls. The results suggest that NH4OH may serve as a nematicide in alkaline sandy soils.

scholarly journals Effect of coffee silver skin and brewers’ spent grain in the control of root-knot nematodes

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Thligene ◽  
G. N. Mezzapesa ◽  
D. Mondelli ◽  
A. Trani ◽  
P. Veronico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategies ◽  
Nematode Population ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Initial Population ◽  
Infested Soil ◽  
Soil Nematode ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Industry Waste ◽  
Spent Grain

SummaryPlant parasitic nematodes (PPN) are important pests of numerous agricultural crops especially vegetables, able to cause remarkable yield losses correlated to soil nematode population densities at sowing or transplant. The concern on environmental risks, stemming from the use of chemical pesticides acting as nematicides, compels to their replacement with more sustainable pest control strategies. To verify the effect of aqueous extracts of the agro-industry waste coffee silverskin (CS) and brewers’ spent grain (BSG) on the widespread root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita, and on the physiology of tomato plants, a pot experiment was carried out in a glasshouse at 25 ± 2 °C. The possible phytotoxicity of CS and BSG extracts was assessed on garden cress seeds. Tomato plants (landrace of Apulia Region) were transplanted in an artificial nematode infested soil with an initial population density of 3.17 eggs and juveniles/mL soil. CS and BSG were applied at rates of 50 and 100 % (1L/pot). Untreated and Fenamiphos EC 240 (nematicide) (0.01 μL a.i./mL soil) treated plants were used as controls. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and chlorophyll content of tomato plants were estimated during the experiment. CS extract, at both doses, significantly reduced nematode population in comparison to the untreated control, although it was less effective than Fenamiphos. BSG extract did not reduce final nematode population compared to the control. Ten days after the first treatment, CS 100 %, BSG 50 % and BSG 100% elicited the highest ROS values, which considerably affected the growth of tomato plants in comparison to the untreated plants. The control of these pests is meeting with difficulties because of the current national and international regulations in force, which are limiting the use of synthetic nematicides. Therefore, CS extracts could assume economic relevance, as alternative products to be used in sustainable strategies for nematode management.

Cover crops and Pochonia chlamydosporia for the control of Meloidogyne javanica

Nematology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 919-926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme S. de Podestá ◽  
Rosangela Dallemole -Giaretta ◽  
Silamar Ferraz ◽  
Ernani Luis Agnes ◽  
Leandro Grasside Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Infested Soil ◽  
Tomato Seedling ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Pochonia Chlamydosporia ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Tillage System

AbstractThe objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of the combination of Pochonia chlamydosporia var. chlamydosporia with summer and winter cover plants on the control of Meloidogyne javanica on tomato plants under glasshouse conditions. Treatment combinations were with four soil covers (pearl millet and Surinam grass in Experiment 1, oil radish and black oat in Experiment 2; plus tomato and fallow controls) and two P. chlamydosporia treatments (with or without the fungus). The antagonist was applied to nematode-infested soil when the cover crops or tomato were planted. Tomato plants were removed and the above-ground parts of the cover crops were cut, dried, and placed on the pots 60 days after planting. One tomato seedling was transplanted in each pot in a no-tillage system and cultivated for 60 days. Surinam grass, pearl millet and black oat reduced galls and eggs of M. javanica by more than 90%, without application of the fungus. However, P. chlamydosporia + Surinam grass significantly reduced by 72% the number of galls compared with cultivation of the grass in soil without the fungus. Pochonia chlamydosporia became established in soil and could be re-isolated at the end of both experiments. Colony forming units (CFU) (g soil)–1 varied from 1.0 × 105 (fallow) to 2.6 × 105 (pearl millet) and from 1.1 × 105 (fallow) to 2.3 × 105 (oil radish) for the experiments with summer soil cover crops and winter soil cover crops, respectively. The cultivation of Surinam grass, pearl millet and black oat reduced M. javanica populations, and the combination with P. chlamydosporia may favour the establishment of the fungus in the soil and enhance the control of the nematode.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Leaf Extract of Piliostigma Thonningii for Control of Root-Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne javanica) on Eggplant

2021 ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
A. Mamman ◽  
I. Umar ◽  
A. M. Malgwi ◽  
G. T. Ojo
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Nematode Population ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Piliostigma Thonningii

Extracts of Piliostigma thonningii were tested for their effectiveness in controlling Meloidogyne javanica eggs and juveniles in the laboratory and on eggplant cv ‘Yalon Data’. A thousand juveniles were placed in 12 petridishes and extracts of P.  thonningii (Crude extracts, 5 ml dilution and 10 ml dilution of the crude extracts) were dispensed into the petridishes. One thousand eggs of the M. javanica were placed in 12 petridishes and treated with the same extracts used on the juveniles. For the field experiment, 12 plots of size 2m x2m were prepared and planted with nine plants of eggplant cv ‘Yalon Data’. Seedlings of eggplants were transplanted after three weeks in the nursery to the field into holes drenched with 10 ml of the extracts used in the laboratory tests. Subsequent applications of extracts were done weekly for eight weeks. The results showed that the crude extract was the most effective against both the eggs (87.43 % hatch inhibition) and juveniles (90.23 % mortality). In the field, eggplants treated with the crude extract recorded the tallest plants ((124.78 cm -2017 and 125.00 cm-2018), highest number of fruits/plant (18.51-2017 and 19.55-2018), highest yield (50.45t/ha-2017 and 53.78t/ha-2018) and the lowest galling indices and final nematode population. It is therefore concluded that the crude extract of P.  thonningii can be employed for the control of M. javanica in the field.

Nematicidal activity of essential oil components against the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica

Nematology ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuji Oka
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Nematicidal Activity ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Pot Experiments ◽  
Application Methods ◽  
Oil Components ◽  
Shoot Weight

AbstractNematicidal activity of eight essential oil components; trans -anethole, anis alcohol, p-anisaldehyde, benzaldehyde, 4-methoxyphenol, trans-cinnamaldehyde, (R)-(+)-pulegone, 2-furaldehyde, and a non-essential oil component anisole, was tested against the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica in solutions in 200-ml and 3-l pots and in microplots. Among the anisole derivatives, p-anisaldehyde showed the highest nematicidal activity in solutions and in soil. However, trans-cinnamaldehyde, 2-furaldehyde and benzaldehyde showed higher nematicidal activity than p-anisaldehyde in the 3-l pot experiments. EC50 values of trans-cinnamaldehyde for juvenile immobilisation and hatching inhibition in vitro were as low as 15 and 11.3 μl/l, respectively. In the 3-l pot experiments, trans-cinnamaldehyde, 2-furaldehyde, benzaldehyde and carvacrol at a concentration of 100 mg/kg greatly reduced the root galling of tomato, whereas trans-anethole was not effective. In a microplot experiment, soil treatment with trans-cinnamaldehyde (50 ml/m2) reduced the galling index and increased the shoot weight of tomato plants. Although further experiments, such as development of formulations and application methods, are needed, some essential oil components, especially aldehydes, can be developed into lowtoxicity nematicides.

scholarly journals Plant Health and Rhizosphere Microbiome: Effects of the Bionematicide Aphanocladium album in Tomato Plants Infested by Meloidogyne javanica

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1922
Author(s):  
Claudia Leoni ◽  
Elisabetta Piancone ◽  
Nicola Sasanelli ◽  
Giovanni Luigi Bruno ◽  
Caterina Manzari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Plant Health ◽  
Soil Nematode ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Rhizosphere Microbiome ◽  
Inorganic Substances ◽  
Antagonistic Microorganisms ◽  
Aphanocladium Album

The artificial introduction in the soil of antagonistic microorganisms can be a successful strategy, alternative to agrochemicals, for the control of the root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) and for preserving plant health. On the other hand, plant roots and the associated rhizosphere constitute a complex system in which the contribution of microbial community is fundamental to plant health and development, since microbes may convert organic and inorganic substances into available plant nutrients. In the present study, the potential nematicidal activity of the biopesticide Aphanocladium album (A. album strain MX-95) against the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica in infected tomato plants was investigated. Specifically, the effect of the A. album treatment on plant fitness was evaluated observing the plant morphological traits and also considering the nematode propagation parameters, the A. album MX-95 vitality and population density. In addition, the treatment effects on the rhizosphere microbiome were analysed by a metabarcoding procedure. Treatments with A. album isolate MX-95 significantly decreased root gall severity index and soil nematode population. The treatment also resulted in increased rhizosphere microbial populations. A. album MX-95 can be favourably considered as a new bionematicide to control M. javanica infestation.

scholarly journals Inhibitory effects of salicylic acid on Meloidogyne javanica reproduction in tomato plants

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. e1001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Moslemi ◽  
Seddigheh Fatemy ◽  
Françoise Bernard
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Nematode Reproduction ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Juvenile Mortality ◽  
Soil Drench

<p>Root-knot nematodes (<em>Meloidogyne</em> spp.), play a major role in loss of agricultural production<strong>. </strong>Natural substances<strong>,</strong> such as salicylic acid (SA) could possibly be involved in inducing host plant resistance against nematodes. The present study is concerned with exploring the effects of varying concentrations of SA as seed priming and soil drench on tomato growth parameters and the reproduction of the root-knot nematode <em>Meloidogyne javanica</em>. SA at 50 μM concentration caused only 2% of juvenile mortality under in vitro conditions. SA applied as 50 μM seed treatment caused 95% and, as a soil drench, 78% reduction in the number of egg masses that formed on tomato plants. The numbers of galls were reduced to a lesser extent. Final nematode density per gram of soil was reduced to less than 1 by the 50 μM SA seed treatment, and in other treatments decreased by between 70 and 88% compared with control plants. Our results indicate SA has potential to lower root knot nematode reproduction in tomato, and seed priming is a fairly easy method to work with.</p>

scholarly journals Sisal leaf decortication liquid residue for controlling Meloidogyne javanica in tomato plants

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josilda CA Damasceno ◽  
Ana CF Soares ◽  
Fábio N Jesus ◽  
Rosane S Sant'Ana
Keyword(s):  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Aqueous Suspension ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Selective Effect ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Final Population ◽  
Liquid Residue

The effect of sisal liquid residue (fresh and fermented) was evaluated in controlling the root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne javanica) in tomato plants. Bioassays were conducted in vitro with 100 µL of an aqueous suspension containing 300 juveniles (J2) of M. javanica and 1000 µL of sisal liquid residue. The treatments consisted of nematode immersion for 24 and 48 hours in sisal liquid residue, fresh or fermented, diluted in water to the final concentrations of 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5, 15, 17.5 and 20%, and nematicide Carbofuran at 350 mg of the active ingredient per liter. Under greenhouse conditions, 4000 juveniles of M. javanica were inoculated on tomato plants grown in pots, and after one week, 100 mL of sisal liquid residue at concentrations of 0, 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20%, were added to soil around the tomato plants. Control treatments received either 100 mL of distilled water or 0.5 g of Carbofuran per pot. Forty days after inoculation, plants were harvested and evaluated for plant growth and root damage. In addition, the selective effect of sisal liquid residue on growth of beneficial soil microorganisms was evaluated. All concentrations of sisal liquid residue presented nematicidal effect, after 48 h of nematode exposure. A mortality rate of 100% was obtained for M. javanica juveniles exposed to liquid residue at a concentration of 20%. Application of increasing concentrations of both sisal liquid residues reduced the number of galls and egg masses per plant and per gram of roots, as well as the final population of M. javanica in soil. Growth of beneficial soil microorganisms was observed in soil amended with sisal fresh liquid residue, for all concentrations tested. The fermented residue caused inhibition of soil beneficial microorganisms. Future studies should be conducted to test the nematicidal effect on tomato plants under field conditions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document