The plant parasite Pratylenchus coffeae carries a minimal nematode genome

Nematology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 621-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Burke ◽  
Elizabeth H. Scholl ◽  
David McK. Bird ◽  
Jennifer E. Schaff ◽  
Steven D. Colman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Plant Interactions ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Root Knot Nematodes ◽  
Feeding Site ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Pratylenchus Coffeae ◽  
Model Free ◽  
Lesion Nematode ◽  
Nematode Genome

Here we report the genome sequence of the lesion nematode, Pratylenchus coffeae, a significant pest of banana and other staple crops in tropical and sub-tropical regions worldwide. Initial analysis of the 19.67 Mb genome reveals 6712 protein encoding genes, the smallest number found in a metazoan, although sufficient to make a nematode. Significantly, no developmental or physiological pathways are obviously missing when compared to the model free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, which possesses approximately 21 000 genes. The highly streamlined P. coffeae genome may reveal a remarkable functional plasticity in nematode genomes and may also indicate evolutionary routes to increased specialisation in other nematode genera. In addition, the P. coffeae genome may begin to reveal the core set of genes necessary to make a multicellular animal. Nematodes exhibit striking diversity in the niches they occupy, and the sequence of P. coffeae is a tool to begin to unravel the mechanisms that enable the extraordinary success of this phylum as both free-living and parasitic forms. Unlike the sedentary endoparasitic root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.), P. coffeae is a root-lesion nematode that does not establish a feeding site within the root. Because the P. coffeae nematode genome encodes fewer than half the number of genes found in the genomes of root-knot nematodes, comparative analysis to determine genes P. coffeae does not carry may help to define development of more sophisticated forms of nematode-plant interactions. The P. coffeae genome sequence may help to define timelines related to evolution of parasitism amongst nematodes. The genome of P. coffeae is a significant new tool to understand not only nematode evolution but animal biology in general.

Host plant response of Eumusa and Australimusa bananas (Musa spp.) to migratory endoparasitic and root-knot nematodes

Nematology ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. 907-916 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ngo Thi Xuyen ◽  
Raf Verlinden ◽  
Ruth Stoffelen ◽  
Dirk De Waele ◽  
Rony Swennen
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Loamy Sand ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Radopholus Similis ◽  
Root Knot Nematodes ◽  
Musa Spp ◽  
Pratylenchus Coffeae ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp

AbstractTwenty-five banana varieties of section Eumusa (AA-group) and seven of the section Australimusa (Fe'i-group) from Papua New Guinea were evaluated for resistance to Radopholus similis, Pratylenchus coffeae and Meloidogyne spp. The host plant responses were compared with the susceptible reference cvs Grande Naine and Cavendish 901. In vitro propagated plants were transferred to the glasshouse in loamy sand and inoculated with approximately 1000 migratory endoparasitic nematodes at 4 weeks after planting. Reproduction of R. similis and P.coffeae in the roots was determined at 8 or 10 weeks, respectively, after inoculation. Reproduction of Meloidogyne spp. was determined 8 weeks after inoculation with 3300 to 5000 eggs. No resistance to R. similis was found in the diploid varieties. The Fe'i variety Rimina and possibly Menei were resistant to R. similis. All varieties tested were susceptible to P.coffeae and Meloidogyne spp. Tests de résistance de bananiers Eumusa et Australimusa (Musa spp.) envers les nématodes endoparasites migrateurs et galligènes - Vingt-cinq variétés de bananier de la section Eumusa (groupe AA) et sept de la section Australimusa (group Fe'i) provenant de Papouasie-Nouvelle Guinée ont été testées pour leur résistance envers Radopholus similis, Pratylenchus coffeae et Meloidogyne spp. Les résponses de ces variétés ont été comparées à celles des cultivars sensibles de référence Grande Naine et Cavendish 901. Des vitroplants ont été mis en place en serre sur un sol argilo-sableux et inoculés 4 semaines après plantation avec environ 1000 R. similis ou P.coffeae dont la reproduction a été déterminée 8 et 10 semaines, respectivement, après inoculation. La reproduction de Meloidogyne spp. l'a été 8 semaines après inoculation avec 3300 à 5000 oeufs. Aucune résistance à R. similis n'a été observée chez les variétés diploïdes. Les variétés du groupe Fe'i Rimina et Menei se sont montrées résistantes à R. similis, avec un certain doute dans le cas de la dernière. Toutes les variétés testées sont sensibles à P.coffeae et Meloidogyne spp.

scholarly journals Genome Sequence of the Polysaccharide-Degrading, Thermophilic Anaerobe Spirochaeta thermophila DSM 6192

2010 ◽  
Vol 192 (24) ◽  
pp. 6492-6493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angel Angelov ◽  
Susanne Liebl ◽  
Meike Ballschmiter ◽  
Mechthild Bömeke ◽  
Rüdiger Lehmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome Sequence ◽  
Glycoside Hydrolase ◽  
Enzyme System ◽  
Cellulose Degradation ◽  
Carbohydrate Binding ◽  
Carbohydrate Binding Module ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Genome Data ◽  
Genes Encoding

ABSTRACT Spirochaeta thermophila is a thermophilic, free-living anaerobe that is able to degrade various α- and β-linked sugar polymers, including cellulose. We report here the complete genome sequence of S. thermophila DSM 6192, which is the first genome sequence of a thermophilic, free-living member of the Spirochaetes phylum. The genome data reveal a high density of genes encoding enzymes from more than 30 glycoside hydrolase families, a noncellulosomal enzyme system for (hemi)cellulose degradation, and indicate the presence of a novel carbohydrate-binding module.

scholarly journals Complete Genome Sequence of the Arcobacter halophilus Type Strain CCUG 53805

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (14) ◽  
Author(s):  
William G. Miller ◽  
Emma Yee ◽  
James L. Bono
Keyword(s):  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Marine Environments ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Content Type

Many Arcobacter spp. are free living and are routinely recovered from marine environments.

scholarly journals Draft Genome Sequence of Piscirickettsia litoralis , Isolated from Seawater

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuehua Wan ◽  
Alex J. Lee ◽  
Shaobin Hou ◽  
Blake Ushijima ◽  
Yen P. Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Salmonid Fish ◽  
Draft Genome Sequence ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Living Species

One species of Piscirickettsia , a pathogen of salmonid fish, has been described. The genome sequence of a putative second and free-living species may provide insights into the evolution of pathogenicity in the genus.

scholarly journals Caenorhabditis elegans—Applications to Nematode Genomics

2003 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
William F. Gregory ◽  
John Parkinson
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Free Living Nematode

The complete genome sequence of the free-living nematodeCaenorhabditis eleganswas published 4 years ago. Since then, we have seen great strides in technologies that seek to exploit this data. Here we describe the application of some of these techniques and other advances that are helping us to understand about not only the biology of this important model organism but also the entire phylum Nematoda.

scholarly journals Draft Genome Sequence of Rhizobium tropici SARCC-755, a Free-Living Rhizobium That Nodulated and Promoted Growth in Pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.]

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francina Lebogang Bopape ◽  
Ahmed Idris Hassen ◽  
Zacharias H. Swanevelder ◽  
Eastonce T. Gwata
Keyword(s):  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Cajanus Cajan ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Soil Bacterium ◽  
Draft Genome Sequence ◽  
Rhizobium Tropici ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Legume Plant ◽  
The Common

Rhizobium tropici SARCC-755 is a free-living soil bacterium that formed nodules on pigeonpea roots in the present study. However, the draft genome sequence reveals that this Rhizobium species contains the nolR gene but lacks the common nodulation (nodABC) genes and probably uses other pathways to induce nodules on the legume plant.

Occurrence and abundance of nematodes on onion in Turkey and their relationship with soil physicochemical properties

Nematology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 1063-1079
Author(s):  
Elif Yavuzaslanoglu ◽  
Ozlem Ates Sonmezoglu ◽  
Nimet Genc ◽  
Z. Mutlu Akar ◽  
Atilla Ocal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Plant Feeding ◽  
Pratylenchus Thornei ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Ditylenchus Dipsaci ◽  
Lesion Nematode ◽  
Production Areas

Summary The distribution of plant-feeding and free-living nematodes in large scale onion production areas in five geographical regions in Turkey was investigated in 2016 and 2017. Ditylenchus spp. and Tylenchus spp. were widely distributed. The stem and bulb nematode, Ditylenchus dipsaci, was found in 48 locations from 13 provinces. Other plant-feeding nematode genera were Pratylenchus, Paratylenchus and Pratylenchoides. Pratylenchus thornei was the most widely distributed root-lesion nematode species in onion fields in 11 locations from seven provinces. Pratylenchus neglectus was present in three locations and P. vulnus was in four locations. Aphelenchus spp. and Aphelenchoides spp. were the principal fungal-feeding nematodes in onion-growing areas. The most abundant bacterial-feeding nematode genera were Acrobeloides, Cephalobus, Eucephalobus and Rhabditis. Acrobeles and Wilsonema genera were low in occurrence and abundance. Nematodes from Dorylaimida and predator nematodes, Mononchus spp., were also found. The numbers of Ditylenchus from plant samples were significantly correlated positively to silt content, and significantly correlated negatively to organic matter and calcium content.

scholarly journals Free-Living EnterobacteriumPragia fontium24613: Complete Genome Sequence and Metabolic Profiling

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 117693431770086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kateřina Snopková ◽  
Karel Sedlář ◽  
Juraj Bosák ◽  
Eva Chaloupková ◽  
Ivo Sedláček ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome Sequence ◽  
Metabolic Profiling ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
Free Living

scholarly journals Settling on leaves or flowers: herbivore feeding site determines the outcome of indirect interactions between herbivores and pollinators

Oecologia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 191 (4) ◽  
pp. 887-896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quint Rusman ◽  
Peter N. Karssemeijer ◽  
Dani Lucas-Barbosa ◽  
Erik H. Poelman
Keyword(s):  
Herbivorous Insects ◽  
Plant Interactions ◽  
Pollinator Visitation ◽  
Feeding Site ◽  
Profound Impact ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Pollinator Species ◽  
Insect Pollinators ◽  
Herbivore Attack ◽  
Strength Of Effects

Abstract Herbivore attack can alter plant interactions with pollinators, ranging from reduced to enhanced pollinator visitation. The direction and strength of effects of herbivory on pollinator visitation could be contingent on the type of plant tissue or organ attacked by herbivores, but this has seldom been tested experimentally. We investigated the effect of variation in feeding site of herbivorous insects on the visitation by insect pollinators on flowering Brassica nigra plants. We placed herbivores on either leaves or flowers, and recorded the responses of two pollinator species when visiting flowers. Our results show that variation in herbivore feeding site has profound impact on the outcome of herbivore–pollinator interactions. Herbivores feeding on flowers had consistent positive effects on pollinator visitation, whereas herbivores feeding on leaves did not. Herbivores themselves preferred to feed on flowers, and mostly performed best on flowers. We conclude that herbivore feeding site choice can profoundly affect herbivore–pollinator interactions and feeding site thereby makes for an important herbivore trait that can determine the linkage between antagonistic and mutualistic networks.

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