Description of Bursaphelenchus ulmophilus sp. n. (Nematoda: Parasitaphelenchinae) associated with Dutch elm disease of Ulmus glabra Huds. in the Russian North West

A new species,Bursaphelenchus ulmophilussp. n., from thehofmannigroup is described morphologically and molecularly. This nematode species was found associated with Dutch elm disease ofUlmusglabrain parks of St Petersburg, Russia, and is vectored by adults and larvae of the bark beetlesScolytusmultistriatusandS. scolytus.Bursaphelenchus ulmophilussp. n. is characterised by the following features: body length 600-850 μm, stylet 12-14 μm long with base slightly and smoothly expanded, but lacking knobs, median bulb almost spherical in female and slightly ovoid in male, pharyngeal gland lobe dorsal, 4-5 body diam. long. This species has an oval spermatheca filled with spherical nucleic sperm 4-5 μm diam. Female post-uterine sacca0.5 of the vulva-anus distance andca3 vulval body diam. long, female tail reflexed, strongly hooked ventrally with a digitate or conically rounded tip. The male has seven caudal papillae arranged as 1 + 2 + 2 + 2, P1 is unpaired, anterior to cloacal opening, paired P2 at cloacal aperture, paired P3 and paired pore-like ‘gland papilla’ P4 at the lateral edges of the bursa which has the posterior border rounded to truncate. Phylogenetic analyses of the D2-D3 of 28S rRNA, partial 18S rRNA and ITS rRNA gene sequences revealed thatB. ulmophilussp. n. formed a clade with species of thehofmannigroup and shared close relationships withB. hofmanniandB. pinasteri.

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Morphological and molecular characterisation of Paralongidorus plesioepimikis n. sp. (Nematoda: Longidoridae) from southern Spain

Nematology ◽

10.1163/15685411-00002680 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 363-378 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Juan E. Palomares-Rius ◽

Carolina Cantalapiedra-Navarrete ◽

Carlos Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez ◽

Gracia Liébanas ◽

Pablo Castillo

Keyword(s):

Anterior Part ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Southern Spain ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

28S Rrna ◽

Data Set ◽

Cephalic Lobe ◽

Pharyngeal Gland ◽

Amphidial Fovea ◽

Partial 18S

Paralongidorus plesioepimikis n. sp. is described and illustrated by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and molecular studies from specimens collected in a sandy soil in the rhizosphere of stone pine (Pinus pinea) in Bonares (Huelva Province), southern Spain. The new species is characterised by a very long body (9.71-14.11 mm), an expanded and rounded lip region, with a clear constriction followed by a depression posterior to the amphidial aperture, a very long and flexible odontostyle (202-227 μm), guiding ring located at 36.5-44.0 μm from anterior end, dorsal pharyngeal gland nucleus in anterior part of bulb, one subventral pair of nuclei near middle of bulb, vulva at 33-38%, and a dorsally convex tail with rounded terminus (32-39 μm long). SEM observations showed a very large amphidial fovea with conspicuous aperture ca three-fourths as wide as lip region and cephalic papillae appearing as small apertures, each located just anterior to a distinct cephalic lobe. The sequences of the D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA, partial 18S rRNA and ITS rRNA gene for P. plesioepimikis n. sp. were obtained. Phylogenetic analyses of P. plesioepimikis n. sp. rRNA gene sequences and of Paralongidorus spp. and Longidorus spp. sequences published in GenBank were done using Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian inference. Paralongidorus species (including P. plesioepimikis n. sp.) clustered together, except for P. bikanerensis which clustered within Longidorus spp. and was clearly separated from all other Paralongidorus spp. in trees generated from the D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S and partial 18S data set. ML analysis using SH-test for the validity of Paralongidorus was performed and showed the validity of the genus using the D2-D3 expansion segment of 28S and partial 18S.

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Occurrence and molecular characterization of cyst nematode species (Globodera spp.) associated with potato crops in Colombia

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0241256 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (7) ◽

pp. e0241256

Author(s):

Daniela Vallejo ◽

Diego A. Rojas ◽

John A. Martinez ◽

Sergio Marchant ◽

Claudia M. Holguin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Management Strategies ◽

Nematode Species ◽

Globodera Pallida ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Potato Cyst Nematodes ◽

28S Rrna ◽

Cyst Nematodes ◽

Nucleotide Substitutions ◽

Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽

The Status

Potato cyst nematodes (PCN) from the genus Globodera spp. cause major losses in the potato (Solanum tuberosum) industry worldwide. Despite their importance, at present little is known about the status of this plant pathogen in cultivated potatoes in Colombia. In this study, a total of 589 samples collected from 75 geographic localities in nine potato producing regions of Colombia (Cundinamarca, Boyacá, Antioquia, Nariño, Santander, Norte de Santander, Tolima, Caldas and Cauca) were assayed for the presence of potato cyst nematodes. Fifty-seven percent of samples tested positive for PCN. Based on phylogenetic analysis of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) of the rRNA gene and D2-D3 expansion segments of the 28S rRNA gene, all populations but one were identified as Globodera pallida. Sequences of G. pallida from Colombia formed a monophyletic group closely related to Peruvian populations, with the lowest average number of nucleotide substitutions per site (Dxy = 0.002) and net nucleotide substitutions per site (Da = 0.001), when compared to G. pallida populations from Europe, South and North America. A single sample formed a well-supported subclade along with G. rostochiensis and G. tabacum from Japan, USA and Argentina. To our knowledge this is the first comprehensive survey of Globodera populations from Colombia that includes genetic data. Our findings on species diversity and phylogenetic relationships of Globodera populations from Colombia may help elucidate the status and distribution of Globodera species, and lead to the development of accurate management strategies for the potato cyst nematodes.

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Morphological and molecular characterisation of Heterodera koreana (Vovlas, Lamberti & Choo, 1992) Mundo-Ocampo, Troccoli, Subbotin, Del Cid, Baldwin & Inserra, 2008 (Nematoda: Heteroderidae) from bamboo in Japan

Nematology ◽

10.1163/15685411-00003052 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 333-350 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Shigeyuki Sekimoto ◽

Taketo Uehara ◽

Takayuki Mizukubo

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Original Description ◽

Cyst Nematode ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

28S Rrna ◽

Gene Sequences ◽

Phyllostachys Edulis ◽

Relationship Of ◽

First Time

The Korean cyst nematode, Heterodera koreana, was recorded for the first time from Japan and characterised morphologically, morphometrically and molecularly. In total, 41 populations were detected from soil samples collected from the rhizosphere of four bamboo species in Japan: 31 populations from moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis), seven from madake (P. bambusoides), two from henon bamboo (P. nigra var. henonis) and one from fish pole bamboo (P. aurea). The morphology and morphometrics of the Japanese population were in agreement with those of the original description of H. koreana from South Korea and other subsequent descriptions from China and Iran, with the exception of some minor differences. The results of the phylogenetic analyses of the D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA gene and ITS rRNA gene sequences confirmed the species identification and phylogenetic relationship of H. koreana with other Heterodera species. The COI mtDNA gene sequences were obtained for the first time for H. koreana. Three COI haplotypes found in Japanese H. koreana populations showed a characteristic geographical distribution in Japan.

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Detection and Discrimination of Pratylenchus neglectus and P. thornei in DNA Extracts from Soil

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-92-11-1480 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 92 (11) ◽

pp. 1480-1487 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

Guiping Yan ◽

Richard W. Smiley ◽

Patricia A. Okubara ◽

Andrea Skantar ◽

Sandra A. Easley ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nematode Species ◽

Wheat Root ◽

Fungal Species ◽

Parasitic Nematodes ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

28S Rrna ◽

Pratylenchus Neglectus ◽

Pcr Products ◽

Species Specific ◽

Plant Parasitic

A species-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was developed to detect and identify the root-lesion nematodes Pratylenchus neglectus and P. thornei from soil. A primer set was designed from Pratylenchus 28S rRNA gene sequences of the D3 expansion domain. Primer specificity was confirmed with 23 isolates of 15 nematode species and other plant-parasitic and non-plant-parasitic nematodes typically present in the soil communities, and with six fungal species commonly associated with wheat root rot. DNA obtained using a commercially available kit and a method developed in our laboratory gave comparable amplification. PCR conditions were optimized and the two species were differentiated by PCR products of 144 bp for P. neglectus and 288 bp for P. thornei. With this assay, we detected a single juvenile in 1 g of sterile, inoculated soil. Examination of 30 field soil samples revealed that this method was applicable to a range of soils naturally infested with these two pathogens in Oregon. This PCR-based method is rapid, efficient, and reliable, does not require expertise in nematode taxonomy and morphology, and could be used as a rapid diagnostic tool for commercial and research applications for disease forecasting and management.

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Redescription of Cerebratulus marginatus auct. (Nemertea: Pilidiophora) from Hokkaido, Japan, as a new species

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4819.2.4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4819 (2) ◽

pp. 295-315

Author(s):

HIROSHI KAJIHARA

Keyword(s):

16S Rrna ◽

Vascular System ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Far East ◽

Muscle Layer ◽

The Body ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

28S Rrna ◽

Anterior Portion ◽

Longitudinal Muscle Layer

The heteronemertean Cerebratulus orochi sp. nov. is described based on material collected intertidally at a muddy beach in Akkeshi, northern Japan. For the last 80 years, the species has been confused with Cerebratulus marginatus Renier, 1804; the latter was originally described from the Adriatic and once believed to occur in many places in the northern hemisphere including Japan. Cerebratulus orochi sp. nov. is morphologically different from all the congeners including C. marginatus by the following combination of characters: several layers of diagonal-muscle meshwork coated with connective tissue, proximo-distally distributed in cross section from the distal portion of the body-wall outer longitudinal muscle layer to the cutis-gland zone throughout the anterior portion of the body from the precerebral to the foregut regions; the cephalic vascular system consisting of lateral and mid-dorsal vessels; and the sub-rhynchocoelic vessel possessing a pair of antero-lateral diverticula before the former forks posteriorly into a pair of lower lateral vessels in the post-cerebral, pre-oral region. Previous records of C. marginatus from Japanese waters are no longer considered to be substantiated. Multi-locus phylogenetic analyses based on the mitochondrial 16S rRNA and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), as well as the nuclear 18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, and histone H3 genes among heteronemerteans comprising the “Cerebratulus clade” indicated that C. orochi sp. nov. was closely related to C. cf. marginatus from the US Pacific coast. A MegaBLAST search at the NCBI website with the 16S rRNA gene sequence from C. orochi sp. nov. followed by a couple of species delimitation analyses suggests that larvae of the species are also distributed in Vostok Bay, Far East Russia.

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Morphological and molecular characterisation of Paralongidorus francolambertii sp. n. (Nematoda: Longidoridae) from Serbia

Nematology ◽

10.1163/15685411-00003080 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 19 (6) ◽

pp. 681-695 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

László Barsi ◽

Francesca De Luca

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

The Body ◽

Likelihood Method ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

28S Rrna ◽

Sister Relationship ◽

Large Size ◽

Tilia Tomentosa ◽

Amphidial Fovea ◽

Cuticular Layer

Paralongidorus francolambertii sp. n., a bisexual species found in the rhizosphere of silver lime (Tilia tomentosa) and common juniper (Juniperus communis), is described. The species is characterised by its medium to large size (L = 5.86-8.29 mm) and slender body (a = 143-197), a lip region flattened with rounded profile, clearly offset from the body by a deep constriction, a narrow neck between the head and body, a shoulder-like body posterior to the neck, a stirrup-shaped amphidial fovea, with conspicuous slit-like aperture, lying on the lateral cuticular collar, a moderately long odontostyle ca 140 μm long, a guide ring located at ca 28 μm from anterior end, a tail terminus with thickened outer cuticular layer in both sexes, and males with spicules ca 52 μm long. The D2-D3 expansion domains of the 28S rRNA gene and the ITS-containing region of P. francolambertii sp. n. were amplified and sequenced. Phylogenetic analyses by using the Maximum Likelihood method showed that P. francolambertii sp. n. had a sister relationship with P. rex and that all Paralongidorus species formed a well-supported group.

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Mononchoides macrospiculum n. sp. (Nematoda: Neodiplogastridae) and Teratorhabditis synpapillata Sudhaus, 1985 (Nematoda: Rhabditidae): nematode associates of Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Oliver) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Italy

Nematology ◽

10.1163/15685411-00002916 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 17 (8) ◽

pp. 953-966 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Alberto Troccoli ◽

Monica Oreste ◽

Eustachio Tarasco ◽

Elena Fanelli ◽

Francesca De Luca

Keyword(s):

Molecular Level ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

18S Rrna Gene ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

28S Rrna ◽

Italian Population ◽

Rhynchophorus Ferrugineus ◽

Red Palm Weevil ◽

Palm Weevil ◽

Mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase

Several juvenile and adult nematodes were isolated after dissection of pupae and adults of the red palm weevil,Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, recovered from an infestedPhoenix canariensisChabaud exemplar in Bari, Italy. Two species of nematodes were recovered,Teratorhabditis synpapillataandMononchoides macrospiculumn. sp. which is described herein. The mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI), the ITS-containing region, the 18S rRNA gene (SSU) and the D2-D3 expansion domains of the 28S rRNA gene (LSU) were amplified and sequenced. The new species,M. macrospiculumn. sp., is described at morphological and molecular level. Phylogenetic analyses using SSU and LSU sequences placedM. macrospiculumn. sp. together withM. composticolaandM. striatus. The sequences of the Italian population ofT. synpapillataare identical to those ofT. synpapillatafrom Japan. This is the first report on the association ofM. macrospiculumn. sp. andT. synpapillatawith the red palm weevil in Europe.

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Multilocus phylogeny, species delimitation and biogeography of Iberian valvatiform springsnails (Caenogastropoda: Hydrobiidae), with the description of a new genus

Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society ◽

10.1093/zoolinnean/zly093 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 186 (4) ◽

pp. 892-914 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Diana Delicado ◽

Beatriz Arconada ◽

Amanda Aguado ◽

Marian A Ramos

Keyword(s):

Iberian Peninsula ◽

Species Delimitation ◽

New Genus ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

18S Rrna Gene ◽

Physical Geography ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Nominal Species ◽

28S Rrna

Abstract Valvatiform gastropods of the family Hydrobiidae are frequently found in European spring-fed systems. Their simplified and sometimes convergent morphological structures and restricted geographical ranges make the description and identification of valvatiform species challenging. In the Iberian Peninsula, to date, 20 valvatiform species have been described morphologically. To test morphological species delimitations and to evaluate the role of physical geography on their evolutionary history, we analysed two mitochondrial (COI and 16S rRNA) and two nuclear (28S rRNA and 18S rRNA) gene fragments of 16 valvatiform species from the Iberian Peninsula. Molecular species delimitation methods consistently inferred 11 of the nominal species. Our phylogenetic analyses recovered the species Islamia azarum as an independent lineage, distantly related to other genera, which we place in the new genus Deganta. Furthermore, Iberian valvatiform hydrobiids do not form a monophyletic subunit, but they are included in two distinct clades of Hydrobiidae. Divergence times indicate that speciation in these clades is likely to have coincided with the formation of major Iberian mountain ranges and river basins. Similarities of geographical subdivision and divergent times between this assemblage and the non-valvatiform genus Corrosella provide strong evidence for the role of the Iberian geographical barriers in shaping the biogeography of these springsnails.

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Microbacterium karelineae sp. nov. isolated from a halophyte plant in the Taklamakan desert

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY ◽

10.1099/ijsem.0.004629 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 71 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Qi-hui Zhu ◽

Cai-ling Yang ◽

Xiao-xia Luo ◽

Li-li Zhang ◽

Zhan-feng Xia

Keyword(s):

Type Species ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

West China ◽

Content Type ◽

Taklamakan Desert ◽

North West ◽

Link Type ◽

Diamino Acid ◽

The 16S Rrna Gene

A bacterial strain, designated TRM 80801T, was isolated from the Karelinea in Taklamakan desert, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, north-west China. Cells were Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, non-motile, short rods. Strain TRM 80801T grew at 4–50 °C, with optimum growth at 28 °C, and grew at pH 6.0–11.0 and 1–15 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic analyses of the 16S rRNA gene sequences placed strain TRM 80801T within the genus Microbacterium with the highest similarities to Microbacterium suaedae YZYP 306T (98.97 %) and Microbacterium indicum BBH6T (98.17 %), respectively. The DNA G+C content of TRM 80801T is 69.38 mol%. The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained the amino acids ornithine, glutamic acid, glycine and alanine, the diagnostic diamino acid was ornithine. The acyl type of the peptidoglycan was glycolyl. Whole-cell sugars were ribose, mannose, glucose, rhamnose and galactose. The major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0. The predominant menaquinones were MK-10, MK-11 and MK-12. The polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol. The whole-genome average nucleotide identity (ANI) value between strain TRM 80801T and Microbacterium suaedae YZYP 306T is 70.2 %. On the basis of the evidence presented in this study, strain TRM 80801T is representative of a novel species in the genus Microbacterium , for which the name Microbacterium karelineae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is TRM 80801T (=CCTCC AB 2019248T=KCTC 49357T).

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Morphological reports on two species of Dexiotricha (Ciliophora, Scuticociliatia), with a note on the phylogenetic position of the genus

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY ◽

10.1099/ijs.0.059899-0 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 64 (Pt_2) ◽

pp. 680-688 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Xinpeng Fan ◽

Saleh A. Al-Farraj ◽

Feng Gao ◽

Fukang Gu

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Eastern China ◽

Small Subunit ◽

Ssu Rdna ◽

Contractile Vacuole ◽

Phylogenetic Position ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Small Subunit Rrna ◽

North West ◽

Rdna Sequences

Two Dexiotricha species (Dexiotricha elliptica nov. comb. and Dexiotricha cf. granulosa), respectively isolated from soil north-west of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and freshwater in Shanghai, eastern China, were investigated using standard methods. The species Loxocephalus ellipticus Kahl, 1931 is reclassified here in the genus Dexiotricha and was characterized mainly by constantly showing 16 somatic kineties, three post-oral kineties with the middle one shortened, a contractile vacuole located subcaudally with an excretory pore near the posterior end of somatic kinety 2 and single caudal cilia. A Dexiotricha granulosa-like organism having a subcaudally located contractile vacuole and fewer somatic kineties was designated D. cf. granulosa. The small-subunit rRNA gene (SSU rDNA) sequences of these two species were characterized and their phylogenetic positions based on SSU rDNA sequences were revealed by means of Bayesian inference and maximum-likelihood analysis. Phylogenetic analyses confirmed Dexiotricha as a monophyletic genus and supported its assignment to the order Loxocephalida. However, its family assignment remains unsupported.

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