The Eurasian Economic Union: An eu-Inspired Legal Order and Its Limits

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maksim Karliuk
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
European Union ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
Legal Order ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Limited Success ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
Economic Union ◽  
Post Soviet Space

The Eurasian Economic Union (eaeu) is a regional organization for economic integration in the post-Soviet space. Following the limited success of previous integration attempts, the organization aims to pursue deeper integration, borrowing features from the European Union. The eaeu has at its disposal a complex system of elements that make up a newly emerged legal order. This paper analyzes how these elements compare to those of the eu in order to determine how the legal changes that accompanied the creation of the eaeu affect its functioning and whether its legal order can be considered efficient compared to that of the eu. This article argues that the eaeu lags behind the eu both in terms of the autonomy of its legal order and in its ability to ensure the effective functioning of the organization. The eaeu’s supranational features are limited, as it relies predominantly on intergovernmental elements with a view to preserving the interests of all of its member states.

The Influence of CJEU Judgments on the Legal Order of the Eurasian Economic Union

2020 ◽  
pp. 54-78
Author(s):  
Maksim Karliuk
Keyword(s):  
Economic Integration ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Legal Order ◽  
Relative Impact ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Application Of Law ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
Economic Union ◽  
The Impact

The Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU)—an international organization for regional economic integration in post-Soviet space—has a judicial body aimed at ensuring uniform application of law. The predecessor of the EAEU—the Eurasian Economic Community (EURASEC)—also had its own judicial body. This chapter presents findings on the impact of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) on the legal system of the EAEU through the lens of citations of CJEU cases by the EAEU and EURASEC courts. Both courts refer to CJEU case law extensively, sometimes even adopting similar approaches, albeit others choosing to pursue different paths. The chapter shows the relevant statistics, explores the relative impact of citations, presents several prominent examples of judgments, and provides possible explanations of the approaches taken.

The European Union vs. the Eurasian Economic Union: “integration race 2.0”?

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 135-153
Author(s):  
Andrey A. Kinyakin ◽  
Svetlana Kucheriavaia
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
Economic Union ◽  
The One ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Post Soviet Space

One of the most remarkable features of regional development in Eurasia is the competition between the European Union (EU) and Russia within the so called “contested neighborhood”, e.g. the post-Soviet space. Originated in the 1990s it gained the special momentum in 2000s after the beginning of the Russia-led “Eurasian integration process”, leading to the creation of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) in 2015. That fact brought the competition between the EU and Russia to the new level, e.g. the “integration race”, which had the strong impact on the whole post-Soviet space. The most obvious outcome of that process is the outburst of the Ukrainian crisis in 2013, which on the one hand contributed to further exacerbation of the EU-Russia relations, on the other – it paved the way to elaboration of the new forms and tools of the integration activities. However, it failed to bring the “integration race” between the EU and the Russia-led EAEU to the standstill. Being in the latent “crystallisation” phase, this process goes further with the covert competition between the integration blocks. Its actors are not only the non-aligned post-Soviet states, but also the existing members of the integration structures. All the mentioned above factors makes the “new edition” of the “integration race” rather dangerous because further acceleration of such a competition can lead to the large-scale rivalry between the EU and the EAEU, which may cause unpredictable consequences.

scholarly journals Putin's and Russian-led Eurasian Economic Union: A hybrid half-economics and half-political “Janus Bifrons”

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno S. Sergi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
Industrial Production ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
Regional Economic Integration ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
Economic Union ◽  
Post Soviet Space

The Eurasian Economic Union is an institution formalized in January 2015 for the purpose of regional economic integration; it includes five countries: Russia, Kazakhstan, Belarus, Armenia, and Kyrgyzstan, and may include Mongolia and Tajikistan in the future. With a GDP of $1.59 trillion in 2015, an industrial production of $1.3 trillion in 2014, and population of almost 200 million as of 2016, the EEAU could represent a geopolitical success that supports both Putin's ambitious political agenda and the Union's economic prospects. Although the efforts of this Union are ongoing and long-term success is not certain, the Russia-led Eurasian Economic Union can be considered a hybrid half-economics and half-political “Janus Bifrons” that serves as a powerful illustration of what Putin envisions for the post-Soviet space. Despite promising steps so far, more should be done toward the achievement of economic development and balanced opportunity for all Eurasian countries. Russia's longstanding role within the Union, as well as its power and political motivations, are all considerations that must be accounted for.

Economic Integration: Lessons for the Post-Soviet Space

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 61-69
Author(s):  
M. Golovnin ◽  
A. Zakharov ◽  
D. Ushkalova
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
Regional Integration ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Dynamic Effects ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
The World ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
Economic Union ◽  
Post Soviet Space

Authors examine economic effects of regional integration in the emerging markets, impact of globalization on economic integration and existing models of economic integration in different regions of the world in order to distinguish key characteristics of efficient model of integration at the post-Soviet space. In particular, authors distinguish the significance of various static and dynamic effects of economic integration for emerging markets and make a conclusion on the rising importance of dynamic effects. It is proved that positive economic effects of integration could be more evident for the emerging markets than for the developed ones. On the basis of a detailed analysis of specific features of economic integration projects in different regions of the world, a conclusion is drawn on key importance for emerging markets of such formats of economic integration that directly contribute to economic development (infrastructure development projects, creation of growth poles, formation of scientific and technological potential, etc.). In the context of globalization the strengthening of cooperation in investment sphere, the implementation of integration projects on financial markets, the creation of common defensive mechanisms against external shocks are of particular significance for economic integration processes. Basing on the undertaken analysis, the main principles of efficient model of integration in the Eurasian Economic Union are outlined and the key terms of realization of this model are defined. First of all, an efficient model of integration in the Eurasian Economic Union should be formed in contest of interaction between this union, at the one hand, and European and Asian integration centers, at the other hand. Then, integration mechanisms should extend beyond traditional schemes of integration and include different types of agreements (on preferential investment, financial integration and cooperation), sectoral cooperation projects, common policies, etc. Formation of single humanitarian, scientific and innovation environment should become the key element of the integration model of the Eurasian Economic Union. Acknowledgements. The article has been supported by a grant of the Russian Fund for Humanities.Project No. 13-33-11120.

scholarly journals From the Belovezhskiye Agreements to the Eurasian Economic Union: 30 Years of Experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 22-34
Author(s):  
M. I. Krotov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Integration ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Security Treaty ◽  
Independent States ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
European Projects ◽  
Economic Union ◽  
Cis Countries ◽  
Post Soviet Space

The article examines the reasons for the collapse of the USSR and the signing of the Belovezhskiye Agreements. The thirty-year experience of Eurasian integration in the post-Soviet space is summarized. There is an analysis of role of the Commonwealth of Independent States in the processes of regional economic integration carried out in the last decade of 20th century, in the context of the separation of the post-Soviet republics. It is shown that the members which are states of the Eurasian Economic Union and the Collective Security Treaty Organization fully fulfill the obligations assumed within the framework of the Belovezhskaya Agreements upon secession from the USSR. The article reveals the objective conditionality of the participation of the CIS countries in anti-Russian, pseudo-European projects by a policy of different directions. New economic priorities of Eurasian integration, institutional problems and prospects of the Eurasian Economic Union are investigated.

THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS: THE EVOLUTION OF THE POLICY OF BALANCING BETWEEN UNION STATE OF BELARUS AND RUSSIA AND EURASIAN ECONOMIC UNION

2021 ◽  
pp. 193-232
Author(s):  
Andrei Suzdaltsev
Keyword(s):  
Economic Integration ◽  
Privileged Access ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Economic Union ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Integration Project ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Post Soviet Space

The article is devoted to comparing the policies of the Belarusian leadership in the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) and the Union State of Belarus and Russia. The author notes that at present the official Minsk considers the acquisition of integration preferences and subsidies and obtaining privileged access to the resources and markets of Russia and Kazakhstan as its main goal in economic integration projects in the post-Soviet space. At the same time, the Belarusian leadership is striving to slow down the process of connecting the economies of the countries participating in Eurasian integration. It is shown that since 2010 the Republic of Belarus has effectively used its participation in two integration projects that complement each other in the field of economic integration. Periodically, Minsk used the EAEU as an additional platform for dialogue with Moscow to receive Russian subsidies. At the same time, using the disagreements between the EAEU member states, President of the Republic of Belarus A. Lukashenko has repeatedly tried to resolve issues arising in the framework of Eurasian integration in his favor. The creation of temporary coalitions by Belarus with Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Armenia helped to block Russia’s proposal to introduce a single EAEU currency in 2014-2015. Currently, official Minsk expects to keep the EAEU in the format of a sponsor of the Belarusian economy, but is still not ready to deepen integration within the framework of the Eurasian integration project. The Belarusian leadership expects that the policy of balancing between the EAEU and the Union State will allow the republic to continue to receive and increase resource and financial support from the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals Eurasian Economic Union: Prospects and Problems of Integration in the Post-Soviet Space

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 543-559
Author(s):  
Dmitrij Aleksandrovich Belashchenko ◽  
Vitalij Valer’evich Tolkachev ◽  
Imomidin Fozilovich Shodzhonov
Keyword(s):  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Political Organization ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
Comprehensive Picture ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
Economic Union ◽  
Post Soviet Space

The article examines the state of integration processes in the post-Soviet area over the past decade, with a focus on the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), which has contributed to a holistic, comprehensive picture of the current situation with previous developments, consistent disclosure of the conditions for the development of integration processes, highlighting opportunities for the development of integration processes, their defining, designations of cause-and-effect relationships in international political processes in the region. With structural and functional analysis, presented by the mechanisms of functioning of the relevant factors of efficiency in the modern environment and to assess the mechanisms of their activity in changing conditions, the following elements are distinguished in the work: study of the stages of integration processes in the region, identification of factors influencing, analysis and comparison of statistical trade and economic indicators of the EAEU member states, as well as the prospects for the development of integration in the post-Soviet space. The use of SWOT analysis makes it possible to identify potential and weak factors in the development of the EAEU, assess the possibilities for the participation of the Russian Federation in this organization, using possible scenarios for the further functioning of the EAEU. Based on the analysis of macroeconomic indicators, political and economic processes within Russia, Kazakhstan, Belarus, Armenia and Kyrgyzstan, the authors conclude that there is a high risk of contradictions in these areas in relations between the EAEU countries, which suggests the most likely scenario for the further development of integration processes in violation of the deadlines implementation of plans. The financial factor is the insufficient mechanism for overcoming integration ties in comparison with the European Union. As a prospective development of the EAEU, the most optimal way is seen as its transformation into a kind of economic and political organization.

scholarly journals On the issue of harmonization of national tax legislation in integration associations

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 02012
Author(s):  
Oksana Nikolaevna Golovchenko ◽  
Anastasiya Plotskaya
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Tax Legislation ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Legal Method ◽  
Economic Union ◽  
National Tax

The purpose of the study is a legal analysis of the current supranational tax legislation of the Eurasian Economic Union and European Union integration associations. Special methods of cognition were used in the furtherance of this goal: historical and legal analysis, formal legal method, comparative legal method, the method of legal modeling, the method of interpreting legal norms, which made it possible to identify the existing problems and determine the ways and means of their elimination as well as to determine the differences in approaches in the construction of the European and Eurasian economic integration. Moreover, the methodological basis of the study was formed by general scientific methods of cognition: the dialectical method, which made it possible to reveal the integrity and consistency of legal phenomena; the method of generalization, allowing to draw conclusions as a result of generalization of the data obtained; the comprehensive research method, allowing to consider the theoretical and practical foundations of the process of harmonizing national tax legislation in conjunction. The result of the study was the identification of similar and different concepts for the implementation of supranational policy in the tax systems of the Eurasian Economic Union and European Union countries, aimed at deepening Eurasian and European economic integration, as well as the identification of the trends in the development of harmonization of the national tax legislation of the European Union member states for their subsequent implementation into the tax legislation of the Eurasian Economic Union integration association member countries. The novelty of the study lies in the very formulation of the problem, as well as in the fact that these legal relations incite the states to take actual measures and find new solutions aimed at increasing the country’s economic indicators and potential.

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