The Social Networks of Chinese Students Studying in France (中国留学生在法国的社会关系)

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Carnine
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Chinese Students ◽  
The United States ◽  
Studying Abroad ◽  
The Social ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The One ◽  
Method Approach

Today close to one third of the world’s internationally mobile student population is from China, and as the trend for Chinese to study abroad grows exponentially, newer destination countries are added, some of them non-Anglophone, such as France. Regardless of where they study, Chinese students have a reputation for sticking together when abroad and for not mixing with locals. Yet what types of relationship actually come into being now that Chinese are going abroad in such unprecedented numbers? This paper is based on a broader empirical study conducted in 2011-12 from fieldwork in France, the United States, and China (N = 180) and again in 2015 in France (N = 10). The study uses a mixed-method approach based on quantitative Social Network Analysis (sna) and 25 qualitative interviews to analyze the composition of students’ social networks. The paper focuses on Chinese studying in France (N = 55). By examining different types of relationships, how they are initiated, and how resources are shared, the paper discusses how internationally mobile Chinese students interact socially, on the one hand with non-Chinese (French nationals or other international persons) and, on the other, with local Chinese immigrants. The results show that students form strong co-national relationships among themselves but not with established ethnic and migrant Chinese communities in France. As for transnational relationships, individual will and the institutional frameworks for studying abroad that underpin language and accommodation choices are found to play crucial roles in fostering local contacts with non-Chinese.今天跨国流动的学生总人数中有三分之一来自中国。然而，中国留学生有自我封闭，不同所在国当地人交往的名声。由此提出了在庞大的海外中国留学生群体中，他们的社会关系类型的问题。基于社会网络分析 (sna) 方法，我们于 2011-12 年在法国，美国和中国，2015 年在法国进行的实证研究，运用混合方法来分析中国留学生的社会网络构成。本文侧重分析中国留学生样本 (N = 55) 在法国的情况，讨论中国留学生内部，他们与其他国际学生，他们并与当地华人移民的社会交往互动。结果表明中国留学生内部之间频繁的合作关系起着关键作用，但它并不属于传统上意义上的海外华人网络。中国留学生跨国关系的形成有赖于他们的个人意愿和留学制度框架，并对他们同当地非华人的接触交往起到了至关重要的促进作用。This article is in Chinese Language

The Human Factor of Cybercrime

2021 ◽  
pp. 089443932110115
Author(s):  
Benoît Dupont ◽  
Thomas Holt
Keyword(s):  
Human Factor ◽  
The United States ◽  
Complex Interplay ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Social ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Qualitative Methodologies ◽  
Societal Dimensions ◽  
Individual Human

This volume highlights the central role of the human factor in cybercrime and the need to develop a more interdisciplinary research agenda to understand better the constant evolution of online harms and craft more effective responses. The term “human factor” is understood very broadly and encompasses individual, institutional, and societal dimensions. It covers individual human behaviors and the social structures that enable collective action by groups and communities of various sizes, as well as the different types of institutional assemblages that shape societal responses. This volume is organized around three general themes whose complementary perspectives allow us to map the complex interplay between offenders, machines, and victims, moving beyond static typologies to offer a more dynamic analysis of the cybercrime ecology and its underlying behaviors. The contributions use quantitative and qualitative methodologies and bring together researchers from the United States, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Denmark, Australia, and Canada.

Leadership in a time of financial crisis: what do we want from our leaders?

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 612-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arlene Haddon ◽  
Catherine Loughlin ◽  
Corinne McNally
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Crisis Leadership ◽  
Organizational Crisis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mixed Methods Approach ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
Method Approach

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to gain a nuanced understanding of what employees want from leaders in an organizational crisis context. Design/methodology/approach – The authors use a mixed methods approach to explore employee leadership preferences during organizational crisis and non-crisis times using the Multi Factor Leadership Questionnaire (Avolio and Bass, 2004), and qualitative interviews. The authors also investigate sex roles using the Bem Sex Role Inventory (Bem, 1981). Findings – The mixed method approach reveals some potential limitations in how leadership is typically measured. The qualitative findings highlight employees’ expectations of leaders to take action quickly while simultaneously engaging in continuous communication with employees during crisis. None of the components of transformational leadership encapsulate this notion. Originality/value – The mixed methods approach is novel in the crisis leadership literature. Had the authors relied solely on the quantitative measures, the importance of continuous communication during crisis would not have been apparent. As a result of this approach, the findings suggest that widely used and accepted measures of leadership may not adequately capture leadership in a crisis context. This is timely as it aligns with current literature which questions the way this construct is operationalized (Van Knippenberg and Sitkin, 2013).

scholarly journals (Re)production of Inequalities in Retirement Practices and Meanings Assigned to the Term ‘Retiree’ in the Post-Communist Context

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Urbaniak
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Productive Aging ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Wave ◽  
The Social ◽  
The One ◽  
Life Course Transition

In the institutionalized life course transition from work to retirement is the transition that culturally defines the beginning of later life. However, there is no universal way of experiencing retirement or understanding retirees’ social roles. Especially in the context of the post-communist, liquid modern reality in Poland. The social role of the retiree, defined as a set of rules and expectations generated for individuals occupying particular positions in the social structure, is constructed at the intersection of what is culturally defined and individually negotiated. Therefore, the way in which individuals (re)define term “retiree” and “do retirement” reflects not only inequalities in individual resources and attitudes, but also in social structure in a given place and at a given time. In this contribution, I draw upon data from 68 qualitative interviews with retirees from Poland to analyze retirement practices and meanings assigned to the term “retiree.” Applying practice theory, I explore the inequalities they (re)produce, mirror and reinforce at the same time. Results show that there are four broad types of retirement practices: caregiving, working, exploring and disengaging. During analysis of meanings assigned by participants to the term “retiree,” two definitions emerged: one of a “new wave retiree” and the other of a “stagnant retiree.” Results suggest that in the post-communist context, retirement practices and meanings assigned to the term “retiree” are in the ongoing process of (re)negotiation and are influenced on the one hand by the activation demands resulting from discourses of active and productive aging, and on the other by habitus and imaginaries of retirement formed in the bygone communist era. Retirement practices and definitions of the term “retiree” that emerged from the data reflect structural and individual inequalities, highlighting intersection of gender, age and socioeconomic status in the (re)production of inequalities in retirement transition in the post-communist context.

Acculturation and Physical Activity Among Latinos

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana F. Abraído-Lanza ◽  
Karen R. Flórez ◽  
Rachel C. Shelton
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
United States ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Socioeconomic Position ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Research Designs ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Many

Despite the many health benefits of physical activity (PA), the majority of Latinos do not meet recommended levels of PA. This chapter provides an overview of research on acculturation and PA among adult Latinos in the United States. It identifies gaps in knowledge concerning the association between acculturation and different types of PA, the joint effects of socioeconomic position and acculturation on PA, and research on gender. It suggests several areas for further research related to acculturation and PA, including an exploration of norms, social networks, and broader social contexts. It concludes that although the bulk of evidence indicates that greater acculturation is associated with increased PA, more complex research designs and greater methodological and conceptual rigor are needed to move forward research in this area.

The Effects of the Westward Movement on California's Growth and Development, 1900–1920

1969 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 20-35
Author(s):  
Frank L. Beach
Keyword(s):  
Social Economic ◽  
The United States ◽  
American Experience ◽  
Present Essay ◽  
United States Population ◽  
Political Implications ◽  
The Social ◽  
Westward Movement ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

Internal migration is a growing social phenomenon of today's America: a third of the United States population live in a different state from the one in which they have been born. This, however, has been a constant aspect of the American experience. The author of the present essay analyzes in an historical perspective the growth of California from 1900–1920 under the impact of the westward movement. The social, economic and political implications of the California development are the main features of this paper.

American Magazines and the Cultural Production of Blackness

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
John K Young
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Cultural Production ◽  
Review Essay ◽  
Jim Crow ◽  
Periodical Studies ◽  
Temporal Dimension ◽  
Deep Dive ◽  
The Social ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Dominant Individual

Abstract Eurie Dahn’s Jim Crow Networks (2021) and E. James West’s Ebony Magazine and Lerone Bennett Jr. (2020) offer compelling examples of the two main literary historical approaches to periodical studies: A survey of several different types of magazines in relation to the social networks through which they were produced, distributed, and read, and a deep dive into the editorial orientation of a particular magazine, as shaped by a dominant individual presence. Both studies present detailed accounts of how these periodicals’ publics and counterpublics resisted (and sometimes reinforced) prevailing conceptions of racialized identity at important points in the twentieth century. But the material circumstances of those productions risk being misrepresented by the model of the network, so this review essay argues for the Bakhtinian chronotope as a more expressive metaphor for the temporal dimension of the magazine experience. This approach enables a more fully historicist understanding of how the various important literary figures represented here were perceived by their original periodical readers.

Influential Nodes in Social Networks

2020 ◽  
pp. 371-385
Author(s):  
Kousik Das ◽  
Rupkumar Mahapatra ◽  
Sovan Samanta ◽  
Anita Pal
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
The Social ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Influential Nodes

Social network is the perfect place for connecting people. The social network is a social structure formed by a set of nodes (persons, organizations, etc.) and a set of links (connection between nodes). People feel very comfortable to share news and information through a social network. This chapter measures the influential persons in different types of online and offline social networks.

Potential of Information and Communication Technologies in Promoting Access to Livestock Information

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-41
Author(s):  
Consolata Angello
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Telecommunications Services ◽  
Method Approach ◽  
Information Networking

A study was conducted to investigate the extent of use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) by urban livestock keepers. This paper discusses the perceptions of small scale livestock keepers towards the use of different types of ICTs in accessing livestock information. Mixed method approach was used whereby quantitative and qualitative data was gathered. The findings of this study revealed that most of the respondents had a positive opinion towards the use of ICTs and it was concluded that urban livestock keepers perceived ICTs as important tools for accessing livestock information. The study recommended for improvement of telecommunications services through relevant bodies in order to facilitate more access to information through use of ICTs. Information networking among urban livestock keepers and the introduction of livestock information centers were also recommended for enhanced access to livestock information.

Misinformation and Ideology

2021 ◽  
pp. 111-126
Author(s):  
Scott Timcke
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Political Economy ◽  
Ethical Reasoning ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Hierarchy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ruling Class ◽  
Social Forms ◽  
The Social ◽  
The One

This chapter applies theoretical insights around misrecognition to better understand the intersection of misinformation and ideology in the United States. It argues that misinformation practices are products of modernity. American modernity is characterized by contradictions between its basic social forms such as the money form, the commodity form, and so on. The contradictions create a bind for rulers. On the one hand, these contradictions mean that their rule is never stable. On the other hand, acknowledging the contradictions risks courting redress that also threatens their minority rule. Due to the imperative to mystify these contradictions, social problems are subsequently treated as anomalies or otherwise externalized; they can never be features of the capitalist political economy itself. Misinformation is a common by-product of this externalization as the capitalist ruling class uses it to weld together pacts and alliances that preserve the social hierarchy. The chapter outlines the broad argumentation offered by securocrats, reactionaries and technologists on Russia-gate. It takes a look at the proof put forward, the ethical reasoning invoked and the emotive appeals employed. It also looks at why these explanations fall short.

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