13 - Legal Issues of the Institutional Framework in Latin-America Concerning the Covid-19 Pandemic

2022 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Institutional Framework

The Limits of Functional Differentiation under Populist Rule in Latin America

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 47-67
Author(s):  
Dr. Aldo Mascareño
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
American History ◽  
American Politics ◽  
Functional Differentiation ◽  
Institutional Framework ◽  
Latin American Politics ◽  
Latin American History ◽  
The People ◽  
Three Phases

Abstract Populism has been one of the most outstanding features of Latin American politics throughout the 20th century. By controlling political and economic operations and appealing to the semantic construction of pueblo (the people), populism has succeeded in shaping a regional variant of functional differentiation. This process is analyzed along three phases of Latin American history, the pre-populist age of caudillos, the classic populism in the 20th century, and the neo-populist period in the 21st century. The article concludes with a reflection on the consequences of populism for the institutional framework in Latin America.

Growth and Consolidation in the Spanish-Speaking E-Commerce Market

2011 ◽  
pp. 95-112
Author(s):  
Roberto Vinaja
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Consumer Protection ◽  
Cultural Difference ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Export Controls ◽  
Financial Investment ◽  
Spanish Speaking ◽  
Payment Methods ◽  
Spanish Speaking Population

This case aims to analyze, in some detail, the major challenges in the widespread adoption of electronic commerce in the Spanish-speaking population. The case also provides a general overview of related issues in global e-commerce, specifically: language, localization, currency, cultural difference, export controls, payment methods, taxation issues, consumer protection, and legal issues. The case includes a description of the strategies followed by companies entering the Latin American market in order to illustrate some of the major cross-border issues. The case clearly exemplifies how localization involves a considerable financial investment and commitment. The chapter illustrates that while Latin America initially attracted many investors by offering one of the world’s fastest growing online populations, the market was not large enough to accommodate all the new entrants.

Part III Regional Regimes, Ch.17 Regional Refugee Regimes: Latin America

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fischel de Andrade José H
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Institutional Framework ◽  
Political Asylum ◽  
American States ◽  
Independent States ◽  
Creative Role ◽  
Historical Contribution

This chapter shows how Latin America has played a rather innovative and creative role in the development of regional political asylum and refugee regimes. It reviews both the historical contribution of Latin America’s political asylee and refugee sub-regimes, and the region’s protection situation and key challenges. The chapter aims to answer the following questions: what is the concept of the prevailing asylum regime in Latin America and what are its sub-regimes? What is the current protection legal framework in the region? What is the institutional framework and its contribution to the protection of asylum seekers, political asylees, and refugees in Latin America? What are the major protection challenges currently faced by the region? In terms of its regional coverage, it considers that, of the 35 independent States of the Americas that are members of the Organization of American States, 20 of these may be regarded as Latin American States—that is, bearers of Spanish, Portuguese, or French cultural and linguistic heritage.

Institutional framework and governance in Latin America

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1088-1107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilberto Cárdenas ◽  
Sofía García ◽  
Alvaro Salas
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Direct Foreign Investment ◽  
Institutional Framework ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Financing Decisions ◽  
And Cluster Analysis ◽  
New Policies ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide an analysis of the Institutional Framework and Governance in Latin America, which aims at detecting similarities or differences among the countries of the region. Design/methodology/approach The objective of the research will be achieved through the application of multivariate factor analysis and cluster analysis techniques. Findings The paper shows the importance of the institutional framework and governance for the countries of Latin America and demonstrates the heterogeneity in the areas of institutions and governance in the region. The paper also confirms the presence of differentiated groups of countries that can and should collaborate with each other to enhance the socio-economic development of the region in a globalized context. Research limitations/implications Due to the limited Latin America countries example in this paper, the authors consider for future studies would be to enlarge the number of countries and to implement same study to Asian countries. Practical implications The main contribution of this study in practice is that by classifying countries into clusters with similarities and differences, this study allows politicians and the institutional leaders to redesign current and/or formulate new policies aimed at institutional quality and good governance. In addition, results of the study should be taken into account by institutions such as the International Monetary Fund or the World Bank when deciding on multilateral support or when taking financing decisions as the type of support and the conditions applied should be differentiated according to the cluster in question. Also, in the context of academic research, the clusters will allow comparative studies that can assess the impact of the institutional framework and other variables on indicators such as direct foreign investment, economic growth or sociological ones, such as poverty, the distribution of income, etc. Originality/value This paper provides the analysis of the Institutional Framework and Governance in Latin America under the multivariate analysis approach.

Societies in Movement vs. Institutional Continuities? Insights from the Zapatista Experience

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 114-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Guillén
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
Institutional Framework ◽  
Focused Attention ◽  
National Liberation ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Political Structures ◽  
America Latina

In Latin America and other parts of the world, the social volatility of the past two decades has focused attention on the traditional concepts of what political structures and practices should be, highlighting what might be characterized as an empirical bursting at the seams of the classic normative frameworks. In this context it is of interest to analyze the proposal of the Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (Zapatista Army of National Liberation—EZLN) to establish a political-social organization parallel to the institutional framework recognized by Mexican law and contribute to the debate that has arisen about this kind of experiment and its transformational potential. En América Latina y en otras partes del mundo la efervescencia social de las últimas dos décadas ha interpelado las concepciones tradicionales sobre el deber ser de las estructuras y practices políticias, escenificando lo que podría caracterizarse como un desbordamiento empírico de los encuadres normativos clásicos. Frente a tal scenario interesa analizar la propuesta del Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (EZLN) para esta-blecer una organización politico-social paralela al andamiaje institucional reconocido por la legislación y abonar al debate que desde el pensamiento crítico se está promoviendo sobre este tipo de experiencia y su potencial transformador.

A content analysis of health technology assessment programs in Latin America

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 570-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis E. Arellano ◽  
Mercedes Reza ◽  
Juan Antonio Blasco ◽  
Elena Andradas
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Health Technology Assessment ◽  
Technology Assessment ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Health Technology ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Economic Evaluations ◽  
Policy Makers

Objectives:Health Technology Assessment (HTA) is a relatively new concept in Latin America (LA). The objectives of this exploratory study were to identify HTA programs in LA, review HTA documents produced by those programs, and assess the extent to which HTA aims are being achieved.Methods:An electronic search through two databases was performed to identify HTA programs in LA. A content analysis was performed on HTA documents (n= 236) produced by six programs between January 2000 and March 2007. Results were analyzed by comparing document content with the main goals of HTA.Results:The number of HTA documents increased incrementally during the study period. The documents produced were mostly short HTA documents (82 percent) that assessed technologies such as drugs (31 percent), diagnostic and/or screening technologies (18 percent), or medical procedures (18 percent). Two-thirds (66 percent) of all HTA documents addressed issues related to clinical effectiveness and economic evaluations. Ethical, social, and/or legal issues were rarely addressed (<1 percent). The two groups most often targeted for dissemination of HTA information were third-party payers (55 percent) or government policy makers (41 percent).Conclusions:This study showed that while HTA programs in LA have attempted to address the main goals of HTA, they have done so through the production of short documents that focus on practical high-technology areas of importance to two specific target groups. Clinical and economic considerations still take precedence over ethical, social, and/or legal issues. Thus, an integrated conceptual framework in LA is wanting.

Growth and Consolidation in the Spanish-Speaking E-Commerce Market

2011 ◽  
pp. 145-162
Author(s):  
Roberto Vinaja
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Consumer Protection ◽  
Cultural Difference ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Export Controls ◽  
Financial Investment ◽  
Spanish Speaking ◽  
Payment Methods ◽  
Spanish Speaking Population

This case aims to analyze, in some detail, the major challenges in the widespread adoption of electronic commerce in the Spanish-speaking population. The case also provides a general overview of related issues in global e-commerce, specifically: language, localization, currency, cultural difference, export controls, payment methods, taxation issues, consumer protection, and legal issues. The case includes a description of the strategies followed by companies entering the Latin American market in order to illustrate some of the major cross-border issues. The case clearly exemplifies how localization involves a considerable financial investment and commitment. The chapter illustrates that while Latin America initially attracted many investors by offering one of the world’s fastest growing online populations, the market was not large enough to accommodate all the new entrants.

Growth and Consolidation in the Spanish-Speaking E-Commerce Market

2011 ◽  
pp. 188-202
Author(s):  
Roberto Vinaja
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Consumer Protection ◽  
Cultural Difference ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Export Controls ◽  
Financial Investment ◽  
Spanish Speaking ◽  
Payment Methods ◽  
Spanish Speaking Population

This case aims to analyze, in some detail, the major challenges in the widespread adoption of electronic commerce in the Spanish-speaking population. The case also provides a general overview of related issues in global e-commerce, specifically: language, localization, currency, cultural difference, export controls, payment methods, taxation issues, consumer protection, and legal issues. The case includes a description of the strategies followed by companies entering the Latin American market in order to illustrate some of the major cross-border issues. The case clearly exemplifies how localization involves a considerable financial investment and commitment. The chapter illustrates that while Latin America initially attracted many investors by offering one of the world’s fastest growing online populations, the market was not large enough to accommodate all the new entrants.

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