“Standoffish” Policy-making: Inaction and Change in the Lebanese Response to the Syrian Displacement Crisis

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lama Mourad
Keyword(s):  
Policy Making ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Syrian Refugees ◽  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
International Agencies ◽  
Indirect Measures ◽  
The World ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Syrian Refugee Crisis ◽  
Shed Light

With the largest refugee population per capita in the world, Lebanon now officially hosts at least 1.1 million Syrian refugees. Until late 2014, the Lebanese government maintained de facto open borders and little to no regulation of Syrians within its borders. This period has largely been understood as one of state absence: referred to broadly as a “policy of no-policy.” This paper looks at the way in which state inaction played a major role in structuring the responses that did emerge, both “below” and “above” the state, from local authorities and international agencies. I shed light on how indirect measures taken by the central government facilitated and encouraged greater local autonomy in governing the refugee presence. This, in turn, further decentralized and fragmented the current set of responses to the Syrian refugee crisis in Lebanon and legitimized discretionary action by municipal authorities.

scholarly journals The Syrian Refugee Crisis, Multiculturalism Issues, and Integration in Canada

2018 ◽  
pp. 758-782
Author(s):  
Laurence Cros
Keyword(s):  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Refugee Resettlement ◽  
Syrian Refugees ◽  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
Screening Process ◽  
Syrian Refugee ◽  
The World ◽  
Syrian Refugee Crisis

Between 2015 and 2017, Canada welcomed 49, 810 Syrian refugees, thus meeting the electoral promise made by Liberal candidate Justin Trudeau in the wake of the emotional shock provoked by the photo of drowned toddler Alan Kurdi. Media the world over presented the Canadian initiative as an example that should guide and inspire other countries. This chapter examines Canada’s Syrian refugee resettlement plan to determine whether or not it can serve as an effective blueprint to improve global refugee crises. It combined a rigorous screening process, private sponsoring to build support and defray state costs, and citizen participation on immigration processes.

British newspapers’ stance towards the Syrian refugee crisis: An appraisal model study

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Tavassoli ◽  
Alireza Jalilifar ◽  
Peter RR White
Keyword(s):  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Syrian Refugees ◽  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Syrian Refugee ◽  
Model Study ◽  
Political Orientations ◽  
The Right ◽  
Syrian Refugee Crisis ◽  
The Guardian

This study investigates the representations of the Syrian refugee crisis in commentary articles published in two British newspapers with different political orientations, The Guardian and The Telegraph. The study draws on the appraisal model as a linguistic tool to analyse the attitudinal language of the articles indicative of the stances adopted by the newspapers. Such stances have the potential to position the readers to positively view the refugees and accept them into their homeland labelled as the welcoming stance, or otherwise reject them labelled as unwelcoming. The selected 20 articles belong to September 2015 and March 2016, the beginning and end of a 6-month period during which important policy changes were made by the leading countries in the wake of 2015 terrorist attacks. The findings indicate that the left-leaning The Guardian adopts a dominantly welcoming stance towards the Syrian refugees and consistently maintains this welcoming stance after 6 months of chaos across Europe. The right-leaning The Telegraph, however, shows a more unwelcoming stance and becomes even more unwelcoming after 6 months.

scholarly journals Ideological Extremism Among Syrian Refugees Is Negatively Related to Intentions to Migrate to the West

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (9) ◽  
pp. 1362-1374
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Jasko ◽  
David Webber ◽  
Erica Molinario ◽  
Arie W. Kruglanski ◽  
Katharine Touchton-Leonard
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Home Country ◽  
Syrian Refugees ◽  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
Refugee Status ◽  
The West ◽  
Political Beliefs ◽  
The World ◽  
Negative Sentiment ◽  
Practical Implications

The conflict in Syria created a dire humanitarian situation, as nations around the world struggled with how best to deal with the more than 6.6 million Syrian refugees who fled their homes to escape aggression. Resistance to granting refugee status to individuals often originates in the belief that the influx of refugees endangers national security because of the presumably extremist religious and political beliefs that refugees hold. The present research surveyed Syrian refugees residing in Jordan, Lebanon, Turkey, and Iraq ( N = 1,000). The results revealed that the majority of surveyed refugees did not intend to migrate to the West and would rather return to their home country. More importantly, refugees most interested in moving to Western countries were the least likely to subscribe to Islamist extremism or to harbor negative sentiment toward the West. Theoretical and practical implications for addressing the current refugee crisis are discussed.

scholarly journals A Corpus-Assisted Critical Discourse Analysis of the Syrian Refugee Crisis in Jordanian Newspapers

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Amal Riyadh Kitishat ◽  
Murad Al Kayed ◽  
Mohammad Al-Ajalein
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Corpus Linguistics ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Syrian Refugees ◽  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
Statistical Tools ◽  
Syrian Refugee ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Syrian Refugee Crisis

The present study employs corpus linguistics and critical discourse analysis to investigate the attitudes of Jordanian news towards the Syrian refugee crisis. The corpus of the research, which consists of 10140 articles (Word types: 103170 and Word tokens: 1956589), were taken from the Petra news agency between 2016 and 2018. Antconc Tools Version 3.4.4w was used to analyze the data. The study used corpus statistical tools of collocates and concordance. Collocates tool used to create a list of 200 collocates associated with the words: /lad3iʔ/ ‘refugee’, /lad3iʔi:n/ ‘refugees’, /su:ri:/ ‘Syrian’, and /su:ryi:n/ ‘Syrians’. These collocates were organized into two thematic categories: ‘services and resources’ and ‘Jordanians and Syrians’. The study used a concordance tool to unveil the attitudes of newspapers towards the Syrian refugee crisis. The findings of the study showed that Jordanians see Syrians as “brothers” and “guests”. However, Jordanian newspapers overstated the negative effect of Syrian refugees on the Jordanian economy, education, healthcare, etc. Jordanians were frustrated because Syrians compete with them on their resources and governmental services.

Resilience through Learning and Adaptation: Lebanon’s Power-Sharing System and the Syrian Refugee Crisis

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Geha
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Power Sharing ◽  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
Syrian Refugee ◽  
Learning And Adaptation ◽  
Syrian Refugee Crisis

This article conceptualizes the Lebanese sectarian power-sharing system as a resilient system. Utilizing the case of the Lebanese government’s response to the Syrian refugee crisis, the article unpacks this notion of resilience through two mechanisms of learning and adaptation. The article contributes to the literature on power-sharing by focusing on policy-making during political deadlock and crisis. Anchored in empirical evidence, this article explains how the Lebanese government exhibited learning and adaptation by facilitating the efforts of donors, municipalities and ngos to respond to the evolving refugee crisis. In doing so, the deadlock that prevailed during that time-frame did not translate into policy inaction. While not considering that the Lebanese response was a rights-based approach to addressing the crisis, the article contends that mechanisms of learning and adaptation help reveal some form of response to this crisis. Understanding this response can help in future theorizing about the continuity of power-sharing systems.

scholarly journals Narrative Framing of the Syrian Refugee Crisis in British Religious News

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 276-297
Author(s):  
Gregory Perreault ◽  
Newly Paul
Keyword(s):  
Media Coverage ◽  
Framing Theory ◽  
Syrian Refugees ◽  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
News Values ◽  
Syrian Refugee ◽  
News Organizations ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Syrian Refugee Crisis

This paper examines how religious news organizations in the UK covered the Syrian refugee crisis in Europe. Using narrative framing theory, this paper examines all coverage from 2015 and 2016 published in bbc Religion (a part of bbc News), The Muslim News, and Christian Today to examine shared and disparate narratives regarding Syrian refugees migrating to the UK. Four major frames emerged from our analysis of the media coverage in religious and mainstream publications: a humanizing frame, saviour frame, dehumanizing frame, and, redemption frame. The publications differed in their use of these frames as well as the use of sources, news values, and tone of coverage. We discuss each of these frames as well as the implications of the differing coverage.

scholarly journals The Syrian Refugee Crisis in Canadian Media

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vappu Tyyskä ◽  
Jenna Blower ◽  
Samantha DeBoer ◽  
Shunya Kawai ◽  
Ashley Walcott
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Media Content ◽  
Syrian Refugees ◽  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
Canadian Government ◽  
Syrian Refugee ◽  
Syrian Refugee Crisis

This paper offers a critical analysis of Canadian media content (The Globe and Mail, Toronto Star, National Post, Huffington Post, CBC, and CTV), from September 2015 to April 2016, of the coverage of the Canadian resettlement effort of Syrian refugees, including representation of the refugees and the Canadian government and public. The analysis is informed by theories of orientalism, neocolonialism, neoliberalism, and feminism.

scholarly journals Media, Community Building, and Refugee Resettlement Policies: The Impact of Canada’s Welcoming Culture and Media Coverage on the Settlement Outcomes of Resettled Syrian Refugees

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-155
Author(s):  
Mounir Nasri
Keyword(s):  
Media Coverage ◽  
Online Media ◽  
Refugee Resettlement ◽  
Syrian Refugees ◽  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Syrian Refugee ◽  
Syrian Refugee Crisis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This paper argues that positive online media coverage of Syrian refugees arriving in Canada, and the welcoming culture of Canadian society, have both influenced positive settlement and integration outcomes for Syrian refugees. It also provides a better understanding of Canada’s response to the Syrian refugee crisis and shows how the process of resettlement becomes stronger when local community members and citizens are involved. These arguments are demonstrated firstly by analyzing the relationship between welcoming cultures, positive media coverage, and the perception of refugees. Secondly, the role of media coverage in influencing welcoming cultures in Canada, as well as its role in encouraging community members and ordinary citizens to be involved in national humanitarian projects, is described. Finally, information related to Canada’s welcoming culture and positive media coverage are discussed relative to settlement outcomes, which portrays the strong influence of storytelling and inclusive communities on the success of new immigrants as they rebuild their lives in a new country. The various refugee resettlement programs in Canada are also outlined. The Canadian response to the Syrian refugee crisis has demonstrated to the world a different approach to civic engagement and humanitarian work. This national humanitarian response may be perceived as a major successful project. Nevertheless, it also leaves us with many unanswered questions around the topic, and most importantly, questions about the relationship between politics and power, citizenship, culture, online media and public opinions. 

A Confluence of Margins

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-16
Author(s):  
Matthew deTar
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Temporal Logic ◽  
The Self ◽  
Syrian Refugees ◽  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Syrian Refugee ◽  
Syrian Refugee Crisis

Theories of “margins” understand this topic in numerous different senses. From margin as insignificance, to law as defining its own outside, to the periphery of states, to the temporal logic of nations, to the limits of the self, margins come in a number of physical and conceptual forms. This essay explores how different senses of “margin” overlap in Europe's relationship with Turkey during the height of the Syrian refugee crisis. Focusing specifically on Brexit and a 2016 agreement between the European Union and Turkey regarding Syrian refugees, the essay maps the fluid construction of Turkey as a variety of margins.

The World of the West European Planner: A View from Inside

1974 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-330
Author(s):  
K. H. F. Dyson
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Full Range ◽  
The West ◽  
Analysis And Evaluation ◽  
Liberal Democratic ◽  
Democratic Regimes ◽  
The World

EXISTINGTH EORIES AND METHODS OF GOVERNMENTAL PLANNING are incomplete. They neglect very often, for instance, the full range of factors which shape the behaviour and effectiveness of central government planners in liberal democratic regimes. It is essential, therefore, to refine the basic paradigm upon which analysis and evaluation of the activities of central planners is typically based if the major problems of their work are to be clearly understood.Central planners are concerned with the improvement of the intellectual dimension of public policy-making at both national and increasingly supranational levels in Western Europe by longer-term perspectives, forward co-ordination and more sophisticated discussion of alternatives. They seek to guide or control the activities of a group of agencies, a particular governmental system or even of society as a whole.

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