The Nation in the Balkan Village: National Politicization in Mid-Nineteenth-Century Ottoman Thrace

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-193
Author(s):  
Andreas Kosmas Lyberatos
Keyword(s):  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Close Relation ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Crimean War ◽  
Local Society ◽  
The World ◽  
Ottoman Balkans ◽  
Late Ottoman

The paper tackles the issue of national politicization in late Ottoman Thrace through the case study of Stenimahos (İstanimaka, Stanimaka), a large mountainous village in Northern Thrace, whose Greek-speaking inhabitants initiated during the 1860s a long tradition of anti-Ottoman nationalist militancy and a close relation to independent Greece. The rapid national politicization and radicalization of the Stenimahiote Greeks was triggered by a severe reproduction crisis of the local economy in the context of mounting incorporation of the Ottoman empire into the world economy. Ensuing conflicts in local society were successively articulated into the unstable ‘post-Crimean war’ regional, imperial and international contexts. Last but not least, the analysis of the ‘amphibious’ emigration movement of the Stenimahiotes to Greece which followed the crisis reveals the agency of the non-elite subjects and challenges idealist and ‘top-bottom’ approaches to the process to nation formation in the late Ottoman Balkans.

scholarly journals Postcolonial criticism encounters late Ottoman studies

HISTOREIN ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Vangelis Kechriotis
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Postcolonial Studies ◽  
Dependency Theory ◽  
Postcolonial Criticism ◽  
The World ◽  
Analytical Category ◽  
Late Ottoman ◽  
Critical Overview

In Ottoman studies, it is only in the last decade that colonialism has been considered a useful analytical category. This may be partly due to the fact that, in the 1970s and 80s, especially in approaches which drew on the dependency theory and the integration of the Ottoman Empire into the world economy, the latter was studied as one of those regions which was never effectively colonised.  However, recently postcolonial studies have attracted the interest of nineteenth-century historians who have reversed the argument and tend to include the Ottoman Empire not among the states that were subject to colonisation but among the colonisers. However, the focus remains on power relations among Muslims. This article offers a critical overview of this literature. It also suggests possible ways for a similar analytical category to be used for Muslim-Christian relations as well.

Fiscal Crisis and Structural Change in the Late Ottoman Economy

2015 ◽  
pp. 23-38
Author(s):  
Murat Birdal
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Financial Accounting ◽  
Fiscal Crisis ◽  
Tax Reforms ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
Fiscal Institutions ◽  
The Government ◽  
Late Ottoman

This chapter examines institutional change in the Ottoman economy with a focus on its financial crises and subsequent reform attempts. Traditional fiscal institutions functioned well until the late sixteenth century when the state introduced tax reforms and dismantled the traditional tımar system. In the nineteenth century, the administration sought solutions such as the debasement of the coinage and domestic borrowing to finance its deficits. In 1854, the government resorted to foreign borrowing and initiated reforms to improve its financial accounting to gain credibility in foreign markets. After twenty years of borrowing, the Porte defaulted in 1875, and in 1881 signed the Decree of Muharrem, which led to the establishment of the Ottoman Public Debt Administration (OPDA). The OPDA era saw unprecedented levels of foreign direct investment and played a pivotal role in the integration of the Ottoman Empire into the world economy.

The Invention of Tradition as Public Image in the Late Ottoman Empire, 1808 to 1908

1993 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selim Deringil
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
French Revolution ◽  
World History ◽  
Public Image ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
National Foundation ◽  
The World ◽  
Late Ottoman Empire ◽  
Late Ottoman

The nineteenth century, a time when world history seemed to accelerate, was the epoch of the Risorgimento and the Unification of Germany. It was also an epoch which saw the last efforts of dynastic ancien régime empires (Habsburg, Romanov, Ottoman) to shore up their political systems with methods often borrowed from their adversaries, the nationalist liberals. Eric Hobsbawm's inspiring recent study has pointed out that, in the world after the French Revolution, it was no longer enough for monarchies to claim divine right; additional ideological reinforcement was required: “The need to provide a new, or at least a supplementary, ‘national’ foundation for this institution was felt in states as secure from revolution as George III's Britain and Nicholas I's Russia.”

The Ottoman Empire and the World Economy

1989 ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
James A. Reilly ◽  
Huri Islamoglu-Inan ◽  
Sevket Pamuk
Keyword(s):  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
World Economy ◽  
The World

scholarly journals PENTINGNYA PENERAPAN IMO RESOLUTION A.918 (22) TENTANG STANDARD MARINE COMMUNICATION PHRASES BAGI DECK OFFICER DI KAPAL

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suryo Guritno
Keyword(s):  
Free Trade ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
World Economy ◽  
English Language ◽  
English Language Proficiency ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Shipping Industry ◽  
The World ◽  
Increasing Demand

<p>Progress in technology has make a method of delivery of goods that more and more efficient and effective of various modes of transportation. For four the last decade, the number of estimates trade in the sea has increase fourfold , from 8 trillion tons a nautical miles in 2008 (ICS : 2010). Throughout the 20th century , shipping industry the world has experienced the trend of increased the total volume of trade. The industrialized and liberalization the various peoples  triggered free trade and increasing demand for consumer products. In spite of multilateral diplomatic problems among nations , the development of world economy was advanced has caused the limits of the country began disguised, trade ships with any nationality , can be easily do their activities in any country , a ship that is manned by sailors of another race will interact with the parties outside the ship which certainly have different languages. The importance of english language proficiency in this context is to support boat safety because of several factors the case study of an accident of a vessel which is often occur because of a misunderstanding in communications where take care of less officer to take control of the english that well. The problems discussed in this journal is communication between a ship or bridge to bridge communication , and interen vessel in communication related to operational above a ship. Where the data in extract derived from case study accident a ship which occurs because<br />misunderstanding different language used above the ship it self .</p><p><strong>Keywords : Brige to Bridge, shipwreck, Deck Officer, Marine Communication Standard</strong></p><p><strong><br /></strong></p><p>Kemajuan teknologi telah membuat metode pengiriman barang yang semakin efisien dan efektif dari berbagai moda transportasi. Selama empat dekade terakhir, jumlah perkiraan perdagangan di laut telah meningkat empat kali lipat, dari hanya 8 triliun ton per mil laut pada tahun 2008 (ICS : 2010). Sepanjang abad ke-20, industry perkapalan dunia telah mengalami kecenderungan peningkatan total volume perdagangan. Meningkatnya industrialisasi dan liberalisasi ekonomi berbagai bangsa telah memicu perdagangan bebas dan miningkatnya permintaan untuk produk-produk konsumen. Terlepas dari persoalan diplomatik multilateral antar bangsa, perkembangan ekonomi dunia yang begitu pesat telah menyebabkan batas-batas negara mulai tersamarkan, kapal-kapal niaga dengan kebangsaan manapun, dapat dengan mudah melakukan kegiatannya di negara manapun, yang berarti suatu kapal yang diawaki oleh pelaut dari bangsa lain akan berinteraksi dengan pihak-pihak di luar kapalnya yang tentu saja memiliki bahasa yang berbeda. Pentingnya penguasaan bahasa Inggris dalam hal ini adalah untuk menunjang keselamatan kapal karena adanya beberapa faktor studi kasus kecelakaan kapal yang sering terjadi karena adanya kesalahpahaman dalam berkomunikasi dimana perwira jaga kurang menguasai bahasa Inggris dengan baik. Permasalahan yang akan dibahas pada jurnal ini adalah komunikasi antar kapal atau Bridge to Bridge Communication, maupun interen vessel in communication yang berhubungan erat dengan operasional diatas kapal. Dimana data yang di ambil berasal dari studi kasus kecelakaan kapal yang terjadi karena kesalahpahaman perbedaan bahasa yang<br />digunakan di atas kapal itu sendiri.</p><p><strong>Kata kunci : Komunikasi antar kapal, Kecelakaan kapal, Deck Officer, Standard Marine</strong><br /><strong>Communication</strong></p><p><strong><br /></strong></p>

scholarly journals The Importance of Clusters for the Development of New Industries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Porumboiu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Current Literature ◽  
World Economy ◽  
The World

This paper aims to present how new industries have emerged taking advantage of related businesses crowded in specific areas - first, through a review of the current literature on the evolution of industries within clusters; second, through a case study that disseminates the theoretical findings. Undoubtedly, as the findings of previous studies have shown, new industries are increasingly important to the world economy due to their technological power of modernization. Because their potential is as great as their uncertain outlook, it is no surprise that these new industries are growing within clusters, already confirmed in the literature as drivers of competitiveness and economic development.

The Voskopoja Guild of Tailors’ Credit Lending Operations and Risk Management (1716–27)

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 242-277
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Giakoumis
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Credit Markets ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Business Organization ◽  
Lending Institutions

The paper analyzes the credit activities of the Voskopoja (Moschopolis) guild of tailors on the basis of a new dataset constructed from its credit lending transactions recorded in a guild register. The dataset was used to understand lending patterns and risk management in the local economy of Voskopoja and compare them with similar practices in other parts of the Ottoman empire. I found that interest rates were not stable in 1716–27 and that the Voskopoja economy experienced an economic growth in this period. This case study contributes to our understanding of Ottoman financial institutions, guilds as lending institutions, their business organization, as well as the operations of local credit markets.

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