EMERGENT EVOLUTION? KLAPWIJK AND DOOYEWEERD

2011 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henk G. Geertsema
Keyword(s):  
Opposite Direction ◽  
Scientific Theory ◽  
Positive Answer ◽  
Christian Faith ◽  
Actual Process ◽  
Living World ◽  
Theory Of Evolution ◽  
The World ◽  
Established Fact ◽  
Opposite View

With his book Purpose in the living world? Creation and emergent evolution1 Klapwijk meets two challenges. Often the suggestion is made that the theory of evolution denies any meaning and purpose to the world because everything is the result of chance. Klapwijk argues that the actual process of evolution provides arguments for the opposite view, according to which evolution cannot be properly understood without the recognition of purpose and directionality. The question posed in the main title is definitely given a positive answer. The second challenge concerns the Christian response to the theory of evolution. Should it be rejected because it is incompatible with the belief in creation? Again, Klapwijk’s answer points in the opposite direction. “Darwin’s theory does not undermine the picture of creation but clarifies it.”(Purpose 210) Evidently, Klapwijk’s Christian conviction does not urge him to reject the theory of evolution, trying to find scientific or philosophical arguments against it. The scientific theory of evolution rather is accepted as an established fact. The point is how to interpret (or transform) it in such a way that it can be integrated with the Christian faith.

Science, Scientism, and Evolution

2020 ◽  
pp. 125-138
Author(s):  
Michael L. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Scientific Theory ◽  
Science And Religion ◽  
Philosophical Naturalism ◽  
General Audience ◽  
Theory Of Evolution ◽  
The World ◽  
Evolutionary Science

This chapter discusses some themes to which Lewis returned often because they reflect philosophical errors that are still influential in culture—science and scientism, evolution and evolutionism. Under the facade of science, even the science of evolution, philosophical naturalism, materialism, and reductionism serve as the paragons of knowledge and often guide social policy. Thus, “scientism” and “evolutionism” are labels for the combination of naturalism and science in general and evolutionary science in particular. Lewis defines science as seeking natural causes for natural effects, which, when successful, formulates laws of the physical operation of nature. Such an intellectual enterprise is neutral with respect to religious and theological positions and is hardly strong evidence for naturalism and empiricism. Lewis identifies the conflict as occurring, not between science and religion (or theism), but between naturalism and theism as philosophical worldviews. As a case in point, Lewis sees no conflict between the scientific theory of evolution and its increasing confirmation by empirical evidence, but he does see a conflict between evolution as interpreted by philosophical naturalism—with ideas that humanity is not of special worth, that there is no God who is ultimately responsible for the existence of the world, and so on. An item of particular interest is the Lewis–Van Osdall correspondence (recently discovered, never before published) regarding what advice Lewis would offer on Van Osdall’s contemplated book aimed at presenting science to a general audience, especially a Christian audience.

Science as External Authority

Agents of God ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 171-200
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Guhin
Keyword(s):  
Complex Network ◽  
Scientific Theory ◽  
Theory Of Evolution ◽  
Secular World ◽  
The World ◽  
Scientific Claims ◽  
Forms Of Knowledge

All four schools denied the theory of evolution, distinguishing between neutral and praiseworthy “science” and atheist scientists who “preached” evolution. People in the schools liked science itself, and understood it as a kind of actor, authorizing certain practices and forms of knowledge. Unlike scripture and prayer, science was an authority largely shared with the secular world, and it gained its power through a more complex network of authorizing practices and arguments, seen most clearly in the roles of teachers and tests created by secular entities. To hold to creationist science was to situate oneself within this network of various kinds of scientific claims and authorities, attempting to leverage certain authorities against others. Perhaps ironically, it was in disagreeing with the scientific theory of evolution that science—or what they thought of as science—became most obviously an agent capable of action in the world.

Divine Machines

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin E. H. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Scientific Inquiry ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Theoretical Interest ◽  
Living World ◽  
Mechanical Philosophy ◽  
Organic Life ◽  
The World ◽  
Generation Theory

Though it did not yet exist as a discrete field of scientific inquiry, biology was at the heart of many of the most important debates in seventeenth-century philosophy. Nowhere is this more apparent than in the work of G. W. Leibniz. This book offers the first in-depth examination of Leibniz's deep and complex engagement with the empirical life sciences of his day, in areas as diverse as medicine, physiology, taxonomy, generation theory, and paleontology. The book shows how these wide-ranging pursuits were not only central to Leibniz's philosophical interests, but often provided the insights that led to some of his best-known philosophical doctrines. Presenting the clearest picture yet of the scope of Leibniz's theoretical interest in the life sciences, the book takes seriously the philosopher's own repeated claims that the world must be understood in fundamentally biological terms. Here it reveals a thinker who was immersed in the sciences of life, and looked to the living world for answers to vexing metaphysical problems. The book casts Leibniz's philosophy in an entirely new light, demonstrating how it radically departed from the prevailing models of mechanical philosophy and had an enduring influence on the history and development of the life sciences. Along the way, the book provides a fascinating glimpse into early modern debates about the nature and origins of organic life, and into how philosophers such as Leibniz engaged with the scientific dilemmas of their era.

Presocratic Theology

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. M. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Opposite Direction ◽  
Greek Thought ◽  
The World ◽  
Causal Sequence ◽  
The Universe

If in the context of early and classical Greek thought, the term “theology” is taken to mean “of God/gods/the gods and his/their putative relationship, causal and directive, to the world and its operations, and to ourselves within that world,” or something of that order, the first ascription of such a notion to a Presocratic philosopher is to be found in Aristotle's comment that “Thales thought that all things are full of gods”. The Presocratic period ends with no neat causal sequence. If one train of thinking was moving in the direction of a divinely guided, teleologically explicable universe, another was moving in exactly the opposite direction. For the atomists Democritus and Leucippus, the ever-changing universe is an infinity of space in which, across eternity, chance agglomerations of ever-moving atoms produce and will forever go on producing those contents of the universe that we call realities, from gazelles to galaxies.

Apologist From The World of Science: John Polkinghorne Frs

1990 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 485-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Avis
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Physics ◽  
Christian Faith ◽  
Christian Belief ◽  
Scientific Education ◽  
Orthodox Christian ◽  
The World ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Scientific Worldview ◽  
Professional Scientist ◽  
John Polkinghorne

JohnPolkinghorne FRS (b.1930), the Cambridge Professor of Mathematical Physics turned Anglican parson enjoys unrivalled opportunities as an apologist for the Christian faith to those with a general scientific education. Without reading a word of his writings, many Christians will be encouraged to know that a distinguished professional scientist is so firmly persuaded of the truth of the Christian faith as to resign a prestigious professional position and embrace the far from prestigious calling of a Christian minister in the secular environment of today. Some who embark on his books may not understand all the scientific allusions, but they will be impressed by his testimony that orthodox Christian belief can exist in harmony with the scientific worldview and vocation.

The Allergic Child

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1954 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-180
Keyword(s):  
Human Hair ◽  
Good Deal ◽  
Cane Sugar ◽  
Factual Information ◽  
Clinical Allergy ◽  
Allergic Child ◽  
Intended Function ◽  
The World ◽  
Allergic Condition ◽  
Established Fact

While a great deal of factual information is presented, this reviewer wonders just how well it fulfills its intended function as a guide and help to parents of allergic children. It appears as too all-inclusive and comprehensive in its coverage for the average layman's use. So detailed and complete is the account of all the possible vagaries of clinical allergy that some parents would find it worrisome and their anxiety over this child's illness would be increased. The language is often technical and a good deal of theory is offered which may be interpreted by the reader as established fact. Human hair is mentioned as an allergen—as is cane sugar—and, says the authors, "it could almost be said that anything in the world might be at the bottom of an allergic condition."

Death Shall have no Dominion: The Passing of the World of the Dead in America

1977 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles O. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Living World ◽  
The World ◽  
The Dead ◽  
American Society ◽  
Social Importance ◽  
The 19Th Century

The dead have largely lost their social importance, visibility, and impact in American society. This event is essentially a phenomenon of the present century. For three centuries prior, the dead world occupied a significant and readily recognizable place in the living world. Indeed, that place was growing rapidly through much of the 19th century. Causes of the reversal in relationship between the two worlds are examined and consequences of the present radical withdrawal from the dead are suggested.

scholarly journals Agrowisata Berkelanjutan Berbasis Kopi di Satria Agrowisata Desa Manukaya, Kecamatana Tampak Siring, Kabupaten Gianyar, Bali (Studi Evolusi Pariwisata)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 262
Author(s):  
Febrytha Nur Azizah ◽  
I Putu Anom
Keyword(s):  
Natural Selection ◽  
Evolutionary Process ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Tourist Attraction ◽  
Theory Of Evolution ◽  
Alternative Tourism ◽  
The World ◽  
Tourism Activity ◽  
Main Attraction

Agro-tourism is an alternative tourism activity that relies on plantations and agriculture as its main attraction. Along with the development of tourism, agro-tourism has now become an economic driving commodity for the surrounding community, so that agro-tourism is increasingly taken into account in the world of tourism. The development of an agro-tourism can not be separated from the evolutionary process that occurs through various stages of the beginning of the tourist attraction built until now. This study aims to determine the evolution of developments in Satria Agrowisata. The research method used is descriptive qualitative by conducting data collection techniques through online interview as primary data, and conducting online observations as secondary data. The results show that Satria Agrowisata can adapt well to the various changes that exist and continue to innovate in order to survive in the world of tourism until now. In Darwin's theory of evolution, he put forward two key words in his theory, natural selection and adaptation. Natural selection as a mechanism for evolutionary change, and adaptations that occur in its development over time.   Keyword: Evolution, Agrotourism, Satria Agrowisata, Bali.

scholarly journals A FÉ CRISTÃ NA CONTEMPORANEIDADE: RUMOS E DESAFIOS

2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (115) ◽  
pp. 345
Author(s):  
Maria Clara Lucchetti Bingemer
Keyword(s):  
Christian Theology ◽  
Christian Faith ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Belief In God ◽  
Religious System ◽  
The World ◽  
Important Trend ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Constituent Elements

Diante do panorama extremamente complexo do campo religioso hoje o documento de Aparecida declara estar o ser humano do século XXI em meio a uma “mudança de época”. Ao lado do processo de secularização, que leva o ser humano a não temer declarar sua ausência de crença em Deus e sua não pertença a qualquer sistema religioso, está igualmente o revival” religioso anárquico e selvagem que fez eclodir seitas e novas propostas “espirituais” dos mais variados perfis, questionando em profundidade a decantada supremacia do monoteísmo cristão no Ocidente. A proposta neste artigo é, depois de uma breve análise da situação da religião no mundo e especialmente no Brasil hoje, refletir sobre a diferença entre fé e religião e como esta reflexão, tomada em sua radicalidade, leva a uma compreensão renovada do que seja a fé cristã e sua identidade no mundo atual. Para chegar a isto, são analisados três elementos constitutivos da fé cristã: a historicidade, a experiência e o testemunho, no desejo de traçar um perfil aproximado de uma tendência importante na teologia cristã hoje, que prefere definir o Cristianismo mais como uma revelação do que como uma religião.ABSTRACT: Before the extremely complex panorama of the religious field today the document of Aparecida declares the human being of the XXI century to be in the mist of an “epoch change”. On the side of the secularização process, that leads the human being not to fear in declaring his lack of belief in God and his not belonging to any religious system, there is also the religious anarchical and wild “revival” that brought out sects and new “spiritual” proposals of the most varied profiles, questioning in depth the decanted supremacy of Christian monotheism in the Occident. The proposal of this article is, after a brief analysis of the situation of religion in the world and especially in Brazil today, to reflect on the difference between faith and religion and how this reflection, taken in its radicality, leads to a renewed understanding of what Christian faith is and its identity in the current world. To arrive at this, three constituent elements of the Christian faith are analyzed: the historicity, the experience and the witness, in the desire to trace a profile that approaches an important trend in the Christian theology, which prefers to define Christianity more as a revelation than as a religion.

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