General Recommendation No. 35 on Gender-Based Violence against Women, Updating General Recommendation No. 19

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-305 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Family ◽  
General Recommendation ◽  
Digital Environments ◽  
Private Corporations ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Forms Of Violence

Gender-based violence against women occurs in all spaces and spheres of human interaction, whether public or private, including in the contexts of the family, the community, public spaces, the workplace, leisure, politics, sport, health services and educational settings, and the redefinition of public and private through technology-mediated environments, such as contemporary forms of violence occurring online and in other digital environments. In all those settings, gender-based violence against women can result from acts or omissions of State or non-State actors, acting territorially or extraterritorially, including extraterritorial military actions of States, individually or as members of international or intergovernmental organizations or coalitions, or extraterritorial operations of private corporations. General recommendation No. 35 provides States parties to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women with further guidance aimed at accelerating the elimination of gender-based violence against women.

Debates and Controversies

2020 ◽  
pp. 61-72
Author(s):  
Mona Lena Krook
Keyword(s):  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Academic Engagement ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Short Summary ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Forms Of Violence

Chapter 7 applies a more critical, comparative lens to the developments discussed in previous chapters. It outlines a series of debates and controversies emerging from practitioner work, which have been subject at times to tense academic engagement, including disputes over terminology; violence against women or gender-based violence as the defining feature of this phenomenon; differing typologies and classifications of specific forms of violence; views on targets and perpetrators of violence; the presence of intersecting forms of violence based on race, class, age, and other identities; and contextual factors and their role in shaping incidents of violence. The chapter stakes out the position of this book in relation to each of these debates, providing a short summary of the ideas subsequently elaborated at length in the next part of the book.

The cedaw Committee and Gender-Based Violence against Women

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-278
Author(s):  
Ronagh J.A. McQuigg
Keyword(s):  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Positive Development ◽  
International Human Rights Law ◽  
Human Rights Law ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
International Human Rights ◽  
General Recommendation ◽  
International Human ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender

On 14 July 2017, the un Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (cedaw Committee) adopted its General Recommendation No. 35 on gender-based violence against women. The purpose of this General Recommendation was to update the Committee’s General Recommendation No. 19 on violence against women, which had been adopted 25 years previously. This article examines General Recommendation No. 35 and analyses the extent to which this General Recommendation may contribute to addressing the issue of gender-based violence against women. However, although General Recommendation No. 35 is undoubtedly a positive development in the response of international human rights law to this issue, it is argued that further measures are necessary, in the form of a un treaty on violence against women.

From Legislation to Everyday Practices in Guatemala's Violence against Women Courts

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Erin Beck ◽  
Lynn Stephen
Keyword(s):  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Everyday Practices ◽  
The Face ◽  
Case Files ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Forms Of Violence

Abstract We explore how formal mandates associated with Guatemala's 2008 ‘Law against Femicide and Other Forms of Violence against Women’ and with specialised violence against women (VAW) courts have encountered significant challenges due to state-imposed constraints. Drawing on courtroom observations, analyses of case files, and interviews, we find that while formal mandates incorporated feminist understandings of violence against women, which were often internalised among court officials, in daily practice specialised courts reproduced tendencies to depict violence as interpersonal, fragment people's experiences and enact narrow forms of justice that do not incorporate the full intent of the 2008 VAW Law and institutions intended to support it. This case study thus illuminates how and why legal solutions alone are not sufficient to reduce gender-based violence and feminicide, particularly in the face of uneven and openly hostile challenges posed by governments.

scholarly journals Educational Value of Johan Vincent Galtung’s Conflict Resolution in Reducing Gender Issues Based Violence

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-350
Author(s):  
Limas Dodi
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Gender Issues ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Educational Value ◽  
Cultural Violence ◽  
Peace Activist ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Forms Of Violence

This article will explore the educational value of Johan Vincent Galtung's thoughts on conflict resolution that he offers in breaking down gender-based violence. As many people already know that gender issues are very closely related to discussions about violence. Apart from direct violence, Galtung emphasized another form of violence, namely structural violence, which was not carried out by individuals but hidden in smaller and wider structures. Penetration, segmentation, marginalization and fragmentation, as part of exploitation are reinforcing components in structures that function to block formation and mobility from struggling against exploitation. Johan Galtung's thinking is in line with the thinking of radical feminists. Galtung claims patriarchy as direct, structural and cultural violence. Patriarchy creates a dichotomy between public and private roles, productive and reproductive, which forms an unequal power relations between men and women. As a peace activist, the educational value of conflict resolution offered by Galtung was considered quite wise. Violence is not only done by men, but also by women. According to him, what should be hated is patriarchy, not men. Various forms of violence can be eradicated and replaced with peace. If everyone agrees not to commit physical violence, in which there is gender based violence, then everyone will also get peace. سوف تستكشف هذه المقالة قيمة التعليم عند أفكار جوهان فنسنت غالتونغ Johan Vincent Galtung حول حل النزاعات التي يقدمها في كسر العنف القائم على النوع الاجتماعي. كما يعلم الكثير من الناس بالفعل أن قضايا النوع مرتبطة ارتباطًا وثيقًا بالمناقشات حول العنف. وبصرف النظر عن العنف المباشر ، أكد غالتونغ على شكل آخر من أشكال العنف ، ألا وهو العنف الهيكلي ، الذي لم يقم به أفراد ولكنه كان مخبأ في هياكل أصغر وأوسع. ويؤدي الاختراق والتجزئة والتهميش والتجزؤ ، كجزء من الاستغلال ، إلى تعزيز العناصر في الهياكل التي تعمل على منع التكوين والحركة من النضال ضد الاستغلال. يكمن تفكير جوهان غالتونغ في تفكير النسويين المتطرفين. يدعي غالتونغ أن الأبوية هي عنف مباشر وهيكلي وثقافي. يخلق النظام الأبوي انقسامًا بين الأدوار العامة والخاصة ، الإنتاجية والإنجابية ، التي تشكل علاقات قوة غير متكافئة بين الرجال والنساء. بصفتها ناشطة سلام ، اعتبرت قيمة التعليم لحل النزاعات التي قدمها غالتونغ من الحكمة. العنف لا يتم فقط من قبل الرجال ، ولكن أيضا من قبل النساء. وفقا له ، ما ينبغي أن يكره هو الأبوية ، وليس الرجال. يمكن القضاء على أشكال العنف المختلفة واستبدالها بالسلام. إذا وافق الجميع على عدم ارتكاب العنف الجسدي ، حيث يوجد عنف قائم على نوع الجنس ، فسوف يحصل الجميع أيضًا على السلام. Artikel ini akan mengeksplorasi nilai edukasi pemikiran Johan Vincent Galtung tentang resolusi konflik yang ia tawarkan dalam mengurai kekerasan berbasis gender. Sebagaimana yang telah diketahui banyak orang bahwa isu gender sangat lekat dengan pembahasan mengenai kekerasan. Selain kekerasan langsung, Galtung menekankan bentuk lain dari kekerasan, yaitu kekerasan struktural, yang tidak dilakukan oleh individu tetapi tersembunyi dalam struktur yang lebih kecil maupun lebih luas. Penetrasi, segmentasi, marginalisasi dan fragmentasi, sebagai bagian dari eksploitasi merupakan komponen penguat dalam struktur yang berfungsi menghalangi formasi dan mobilitas untuk berjuang melawan eksploitasi. Pemikiran Johan Galtung sejalan dengan pemikiran kaum feminis radikal. Galtung mengklaim patriarki sebagai kekerasan langsung, struktural dan kultural. Patriarki membuat dikotomi antara peran publik dan privat, produktif dan reproduktif, yang membentuk relasi kuasa yang timpang antara laki-laki dan perempuan. Sebagai seorang aktifis perdamaian, nilai edukasi resolusi konflik yang ditawarkan oleh Galtung dirasa cukup bijak. Kekerasan bukan semata-mata dilakukan oleh laki-laki, tetapi juga perempuan. Menurutnya yang harusnya dibenci adalah patriarki, dan bukannya laki-laki. Beragam bentuk kekerasan bisa dihapuskan dan digantikan dengan perdamaian. Jika semua orang sepakat tidak melakukan kekerasan fisik, yang di dalamnya ada kekerasan berbasis gender, maka semua orang juga akan mendapatkan perdamaian.

scholarly journals INTRODUCTION TO SPECIAL ISSUE: ASSIMILATION, INTERRUPTED: TRANSFORMING DISCOURSES OF CULTURE- AND HONOUR-BASED VIOLENCE IN CANADA

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Mandeep Kaur Mucina ◽  
Amina Jamal
Keyword(s):  
Violence Against Women ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Entry Point ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Gendered Violence ◽  
Critical Questions ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Forms Of Violence

This special issue about race, honour, culture, and violence against women in South Asian Canadian communities is proffered as an entry point to a wider, multilayered discussion about race, culture, gender, and violence. It hopes to intensify a debate on gendered violence that could tie in with analysis and commentary on individual killings in family-related sites, murders of racialized women and girls in public sites, and other forms of violence against women and girls in society. We encourage readers to consider how to understand the landscape that South Asian Canadian women and girls are confronting, while also asking critical questions about the wider settler colonial system in which we all participate as we fight gender-based violence.

scholarly journals The adequacy of Sudanese legislation to protect women from gender-based violence: مدى كفاية التشريعات السودانية لحماية المرأة من العنف المؤسس على النّوع

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Aziz Adam Abdullah Babeker
Keyword(s):  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Legal Rights ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Is Success ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Forms Of Violence

Women in many societies are facing unjustified violence. They do not enjoy their full legal rights because of the prevalence of certain harmful habits that establish this kind of violence or because of lack of legislation to regulate the issue. This paper deals with gender based violence, exploring The Sudanese legislations that framed the protection from violence in order to verify the adequacy of these legislations to protect women from this phenomenon. The research problem is focused on the adequacy of protection provided by Sudanese legislation for women to stop the violence against them which based on gender. The researcher used the descriptive approach to study the relevant texts of the Sudanese constitution and laws, to verify the standard of protection provided for women from violence based on gender. This paper concluded to find that, the Sudanese legislation widely framed protection of women from the violence against them. As these legislations covered many aspects of gender based violence; making it suitable to combat this phenomenon if applied in a proper way. But this is success of the Sudanese legislation in its quest to protect women from violence, does not necessarily means the practical application is safe. The discussion here is about the adequacy of the legislation in the single way. In spite of this good frame working to combat gender-based violence; the absence of a specific law to combat this phenomenon in Sudan led to the negligence of some forms of violence against women. In order to strengthen the protection of women from violence, and to complete the legislative shortages in some ways that Sudanese laws did not put a clear cut law about; the paper recommended to enact a special law to combat violence against women. Moreover, Sudanese government and its institutions should educate people of the dangers of harmful habits that contradict the law, religion that represent unjustified violence against women.

The Impact of Adjacent Laws on Implementing Violence Against Women Laws: Legal Violence in the Lives of Costa Rican Women

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 432-459
Author(s):  
Erin Adamson ◽  
Cecilia Menjívar ◽  
Shannon Drysdale Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Social Violence ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Legal Violence ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Implementation Gaps ◽  
Forms Of Violence ◽  
The Impact

Most scholarship addressing implementation gaps of violence against women (VAW) laws focuses on countries with high levels of violence in the lives of women—accompanied by weak policing and judicial responses. These studies tend to argue that the most egregious forms of political or social violence explain this gap. However, there has been little attention to countries with lower levels of gender-based violence and relatively responsive state institutions. We analyze the application of VAW laws in Costa Rica, with a focus on the impact of adjacent laws, or laws that are seemingly unrelated to VAW laws but are applied in tandem with and often in conflict with VAW laws. Based on a decade of fieldwork in Costa Rica, we argue that adjacent laws on land, labor, and immigration can be leveraged in ways that undermine the interpretation and implementation of VAW laws. These failures constitute legal violence: the normalized but cumulatively injurious effects of laws that can result in various forms of violence. While legal violence causes implementation gaps in almost every country, our case study reveals that the underlying sociolegal system upon which these laws rest contributes to a significant gap between VAW laws and practice.

scholarly journals The Problem of Domestic Violence Against Women in Russia and Possible Solutions

2020 ◽  
pp. 32-35
Author(s):  
Irina Vladimirovna Soshnikova
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Private Life ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Negative Stereotypes ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Domestic Violence Against Women ◽  
Gender Based

The paper analyzes the social and legal aspects of the problem of domestic violence against women in Russia. The United Nations defines violence against women as “any act of gender-based violence that causes or is likely to cause physical, sexual or psy-chological harm or suffering to women, including threats of such acts, coercion or arbitrary depriva-tion of liberty, whether in public or private life”. The victim characteristics of women and their social vul-nerability are analyzed. Negative stereotypes about violence against women in the family are empha-sized. The main differences between violence against strangers and domestic violence are re-vealed. A set of measures has been developed to solve the problem of domestic violence.

GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE AMONGST WOMEN WITH DISABILITIES: A CASE STUDY OF MWENEZI DISTRICT, ZIMBABWE

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tafadzwa Rugoho ◽  
France Maphosa
Keyword(s):  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Community Perceptions ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Women With Disabilities ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Disabled Women ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
The Impact

This article is based on a study of gender-based violence against women with disabilities. The study sought to examine the factors that make such women vulnerable, to investigate the community’s responses to gender-based violence against women with disabilities, and to determine the impact of gender-based violence on the wellbeing and health of women with disabilities. The study adopted a qualitative research design so as to arrive at an in-depth understanding of the phenomenon under study. The study sample consisted of 48 disabled women living in marital or common law unions, selected using purposive sampling. Of the 48 women in the sample, 16 were visually impaired while the remaining 32 had other physical disabilities. Focus group discussions were used for data collection. The data were analysed using the thematic approach. The finding was that women with disabilities also experience gender-based violence. The study makes recommendations whose thrust is to change community perceptions on disability as the only guarantee towards eradicating gender-based violence against women with disabilities.

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