scholarly journals The Development of Temporal Concepts: Learning to Locate Events in Time

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 297-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa McCormack ◽  
Christoph Hoerl
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Temporal Perspective ◽  
New Model ◽  
The Past ◽  
Temporal Concepts ◽  
Very Young Children ◽  
The Future

A new model of the development of temporal concepts is described that assumes that there are substantial changes in how children think about time in the early years. It is argued that there is a shift from understanding time in an event-dependent way to an event-independent understanding of time. Early in development, very young children are unable to think about locations in time independently of the events that occur at those locations. It is only with development that children begin to have a proper grasp of the distinction between past, present, and future, and represent time as linear and unidirectional. The model assumes that although children aged two to three years may categorize events differently depending on whether they lie in the past or the future, they may not be able to understand that whether an event is in the future or in the past is something that changes as time passes and varies with temporal perspective. Around four to five years, children understand how causality operates in time, and can grasp the systematic relations that obtain between different locations in time, which provides the basis for acquiring the conventional clock and calendar system.

scholarly journals A Personal Perspective on the Unconventional Superconductivity of Sr2RuO4

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Mackenzie
Keyword(s):  
Order Parameter ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Personal Perspective ◽  
Unconventional Superconductivity ◽  
Personal Account ◽  
The Past ◽  
Major Significance ◽  
The Future ◽  
Parameter Symmetry ◽  
Order Parameter Symmetry

Abstract I give a personal account of the unfolding story of the unconventional superconductivity of Sr2RuO4. This is a subject of topical importance in light of recent measurements that suggest that its order parameter may be even parity, contrary to the picture that had built up over the course of over two decades of research. With an eye on the past, I stress the generous encouragement that I received from Ted Geballe in the early years of my Sr2RuO4 research. Looking to the future, I give my opinion about why the Sr2RuO4 problem is of major significance to the development of the field of unconventional superconductivity, whatever order parameter symmetry is finally established to be the correct one.

ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019, 21/4 (Volume 2019/issue 21/4) ◽  
pp. 11-13
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Organizational Climate ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Temporal Perspective ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Past ◽  
Mass Migration ◽  
The Future

The last issue of the Contemporary Military Challenges in 2019 when we celebrate the 15th anniversary of Slovenia's accession to the European Union and NATO, is dedicated to the organizational culture. Many different books, articles, and online records are dedicated to the organizational culture. Most authors claim that organizational culture is essential to the success of large companies and the performance of their employees. After a number of theories on the factors affecting the performance of companies and large corporations, we have somehow again returned to the central factor - the person - the employee, the one who is motivated to do something more and better, who positively influences other employees so that together they can become better and more satisfied, and that they are more in tune with the goals and desires of the company which employs them for the common good. Concerning the distinction between organizational culture and organizational climate Dr Kristijan Musek Lešnik on his website says that many experts and gurus often confuse the two concepts or use them interchangeably. As far as organizational climate is concerned, Musek, referring to Schein, writes that organizational culture is composed of artefacts (things, language, slogans, symbols), expressed values (strategies, goals, philosophy and standards of the organization) and basic assumptions (beliefs, opinions, attitudes and feelings that are taken for granted within the organization and are shared by its members). Compared to both, he says that it also manifests itself in a temporal perspective: culture is oriented towards the past (traditions, myths, etc.) and builds the future through visions, whereas the climate is the perception of the present state. From this description it can be concluded that the organizational culture and of course climate are important for every undertaking. Consequently, they also play an important role in the modern armed forces. History is important to the identity of a nation and its military; however, organizational culture as the builder of the future is even more important. The past decade has been very specific for the Slovenian Armed Forces, as it was entirely marked by the financial crisis which began in 2008. SAF members especially felt it in terms of their salaries, equipment, weapons and reduced numbers of personnel. The SAF was also strongly impacted by the changed security situation in the nearby and broader region, which was predominantly manifested in the form of mass migration in 2015. Since then, it has been identified primarily through the increased number of illegal migrants crossing the Croatian border where Slovenian Armed Forces members take an active part in protecting the Schengen border in collaboration with the police. As it seems, this will continue to be its task in the future as well. Organizational culture as the builder of the future is the central theme of this thematic issue, in which we focus on the core tasks and mission of the Armed Forces.

Fate, Choice and the Birth of Risk

Futureproof ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 19-41
Author(s):  
Jon Coaffee
Keyword(s):  
Early Years ◽  
First Century ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Scientific Explanations ◽  
The Past ◽  
Historical Processes ◽  
The Future ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
The Way

This chapter tells the story of how ideas of resilience emerged as the go-to futureproofing idea in the early years of the twenty-first century. It has a long history dating back to pre-modern times and extends through the advancement of associated ideas of ‘risk’. Tracing the deeper development of changes in the way hazards and disasters have been historically viewed, and vulnerability felt, by human civilisations of the past, is vital to understanding the roots of contemporary dilemmas and the growing influence of ideas of resilience in the twenty-first century. There are long-term historical processes that have defined the contours of society and the slowly evolving structures that collectively symbolise how the need to be able to account for hazards and disasters has reshaped our world. As such, this is a story of religious versus scientific explanations, and of enhancing the ability to control the future through better knowledge about what is in store and the likelihood of certain events occurring.

In Conclusion: Revisiting the Past, Looking to the Future

New India ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 242-258
Author(s):  
Arvind Panagariya
Keyword(s):  
Economic History ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Economic Reforms ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Export Markets ◽  
Prime Ministers ◽  
Indian Economy ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Policy Stability

This chapter looks back at post-independence economic history to understand the stranglehold that socialism acquired on the Indian economy in the early years, the launch of reforms in 1991 under Prime Ministers Narasimha Rao and Atal Bihari Vajpayee, partial reversals under Prime Minister Manmohan Singh, and a return to reforms under Prime Minister Narendra Modi. It particularly emphasizes the role that a socialistically inclined bureaucracy plays in continuing to hold back reforms. The chapter concludes by making the case that despite a slowdown in growth at the present time, India’s future is bright—but only if the leadership stays the course on economic reforms. The chapter concludes with a number of cautionary notes relating to policy. These relate to policy stability, the necessity of migrating half or more of the agricultural workforce to industry and services, creating an ecosystem that would help firms to grow larger, the centrality of success in export markets, and the need for investment in labor-intensive sectors of the economy.

Bilingualism and Child Phonology

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Conxita Lleó
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Bilingual Child ◽  
The Past ◽  
Very Young Children ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Points Of View

The present article poses some fundamental questions related to bilingualism and to the acquisition of two phonological components, by very young children. It discusses different types of bilingualism and their outcomes. After a brief consideration of alleged pros and cons of bilingualism brought up in the past decades, two perspectives of bilingualism are sketched—psycholinguistic and sociolinguistic—and certain aspects of bilingual child phonology are presented from each of these points of view. The essential issue is whether different outcomes of bilingual child phonology are predictable, and to find the crucial criteria to support the predictions. Finally, the discussion addresses some basic questions about bilingual acquisition, and ends with a summary of various types of cross-linguistic interaction.

scholarly journals Look who’s talking: Factors for considering the facilitation of very young children’s voices

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-278
Author(s):  
Kate Wall ◽  
Claire Cassidy ◽  
Carol Robinson ◽  
Elaine Hall ◽  
Mhairi Beaton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Rights Of The Child ◽  
Very Young Children ◽  
Conceptual Clarity ◽  
Seminar Series ◽  
United Nations Convention ◽  
Children’S Voices

Grounded in children’s rights, this article advances understanding of the affordances and constraints in implementing Article 12 of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child in educational settings with young children – those under 7. It starts from the premise that if we are to foster democratic skills and understanding in children and young people, we need to develop practices that support this from the earliest age. The article presents the outcomes of a seminar series facilitating dialogue among international academics working in the field and a range of early years practitioners. This opportunity for extended dialogue led to the development of a rich and sophisticated conceptual clarity about the factors that need to be considered if Article 12 is to be realised with very young children. Eight factors were identified as pivotal for consideration when facilitating voices with this age group: definition; power; inclusivity; listening; time and space; approaches; processes; and purposes. This article explores each in turn and proposes a series of provocations and questions designed to support practitioners in their endeavour to elicit young children’s voices.

scholarly journals International Agricultural and Extension Education: Meeting the Unknown Challenges of Tomorrow

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 99-106
Author(s):  
James R. Lindner
Keyword(s):  
Research Agenda ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Extension Education ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Middle Years ◽  
Publishing Firm ◽  
The Past ◽  
Agricultural And Extension Education ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of

The purpose of this paper is to provide philosophical observations and reflections over 25 years of the Journal of International Agricultural and Extension Education (JIAEE) as a reader, author, and editor. The paper provides a brief history of JIAEE including changes that occurred over the years. This paper honors those that contributed to JIAEE and stood as its caretakers over the past 25 years. This main body of the paper is divided into three sections: early years, middle years, and contemporary years. The paper explores the development and use of JIAEE keywords and provides visual depictions using wordclouds. The purpose of keywords is discussed and suggestions for future use are provided. Final recommendations and well wishes for the future are provided. Recommendations include: Considering the hiring of a permanent editor or publishing firm such as Taylor & Francis; creating a purposeful research agenda in conjunction with AIAEE; and redressing the developing and use of keywords

scholarly journals Baby brain: Neuroscience, policy-making and child protection

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 512-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariane Critchley
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Work Practice ◽  
Social Work Practice ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Very Young Children ◽  
The Impact

This paper is concerned with the co-opting of neuroscientific findings into social work practice with infants at risk of harm. The value of neuroscience to our understanding of infants and infant care remains contested. For ‘infant mental health’ proponents, neuroscientific findings have become a powerful tool in arguing for the importance of nurture and care in the early years. However, critical perspectives question the selective use of neuroscientific evidence, and the impact that the ‘first three years’ agenda has actually had on families. In social work, much of our involvement with very young children is centred around risk. It is also concentrated on children born into families and communities experiencing multiple disadvantages. The emphasis on the vulnerability of infants and very young children has changed child protection social work in significant ways. Many of the children subject to child care and protection measures are very young, or not yet born. This paper draws upon findings from a study which followed families through the process of pre-birth child protection assessment. It is argued that it is necessary to engage critically with the ‘first three years’ narrative that has become dominant in Scottish policy making and the impact this has had on child protection practice and the lives of families. The paper argues for a broader interpretation of ACEs focused on community and public health across the life course.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document