Riparian Relations in the Kantō Region

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-90
Keyword(s):  
Kanto Region

A study of atmospheric ammonia by means of modeling analysis in the Kanto region of Japan

2005 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuya Sakurai ◽  
Shin-ichi Fujita ◽  
Hiroshi Hayami ◽  
Noritaka Furuhashi
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Ammonia ◽  
Modeling Analysis ◽  
Kanto Region

scholarly journals Nutrition knowledge related to breakfast skipping among Japanese adults aged 18–64 years: a cross-sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (06) ◽  
pp. 1029-1036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mai Matsumoto ◽  
Naomi Ishige ◽  
Azusa Sakamoto ◽  
Aki Saito ◽  
Shinji Ikemoto
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nutrition Knowledge ◽  
Dietary Behaviour ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Knowledge Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breakfast Skipping ◽  
Japanese Adults ◽  
Lifestyle Questionnaire ◽  
Kanto Region

AbstractObjectiveBreakfast skipping is regarded as a public health issue among adults worldwide. Nutrition knowledge has been reported to be one of predictors of dietary behaviour. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to examine the association between nutrition knowledge and breakfast skipping.DesignData regarding nutrition knowledge were obtained by using a validated, self-administered general nutrition knowledge questionnaire for Japanese adults (JGNKQ). Participants were classified into three nutrition knowledge level groups according to total JGNKQ score: Low, Middle and High. In addition, participants reported the frequency of meal consumption per week and rated the difficulty in finding time to eat breakfast, lunch and dinner in the lifestyle questionnaire. The differences in frequency of breakfast, lunch and dinner consumption among Low, Middle and High nutrition knowledge groups were determined by using ANCOVA adjusted for potential confounding factors.SettingKanto region, Japan.ParticipantsJapanese adults aged 18–64 years (n1165, 57·3% women).ResultsMean age of the participants was 43·8 (sd8·9) years. There were no significant differences found in the proportion of respondents reporting difficulty in finding time to eat each meal among the three groups. However, the frequency of breakfast consumption was significantly different among Low, Middle and High groups, while lunch and dinner frequency did not differ among the three groups.ConclusionsThe present study suggests that nutrition knowledge level is related to breakfast skipping among Japanese adults.

scholarly journals Surveillance of antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli in Sheltered dogs in the Kanto Region of Japan

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akihisa Hata ◽  
Noboru Fujitani ◽  
Fumiko Ono ◽  
Yasuhiro Yoshikawa
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Quinolone Resistance ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Animal Shelters ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Chiba Prefecture ◽  
Shelter Dogs ◽  
Kanagawa Prefecture ◽  
Kanto Region

AbstractThere is a lack of an established antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance system in animal welfare centers. Therefore, the AMR prevalence in shelter dogs is rarely known. Herein, we conducted a survey in animal shelters in Chiba and Kanagawa prefectures, in the Kanto Region, Japan, to ascertain the AMR status of Escherichia coli  (E. coli) prevalent in shelter dogs. E. coli was detected in the fecal samples of all 61 and 77 shelter dogs tested in Chiba and Kanagawa, respectively. The AMR was tested against 20 antibiotics. E. coli isolates derived from 16.4% and 26.0% of samples from Chiba and Kanagawa exhibited resistance to at least one antibiotic, respectively. E. coli in samples from Chiba and Kanagawa prefectures were commonly resistant to ampicillin, piperacillin, streptomycin, kanamycin, tetracycline, and nalidixic acid; that from the Kanagawa Prefecture to cefazolin, cefotaxime, aztreonam, ciprofloxacin, and levofloxacin and that from Chiba Prefecture to chloramphenicol and imipenem. Multidrug-resistant bacteria were detected in 18 dogs from both regions; β-lactamase genes (blaTEM, blaDHA-1, blaCTX-M-9 group CTX-M-14), quinolone-resistance protein genes (qnrB and qnrS), and mutations in quinolone-resistance-determining regions (gyrA and parC) were detected. These results could partially represent the AMR data in shelter dogs in the Kanto Region of Japan.

scholarly journals Whole Genome Analysis Detects the Emergence of a Single Salmonella enterica Serovar Chester Clone in Japan’s Kanto Region

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoshi Ando ◽  
Tsuyoshi Sekizuka ◽  
Eiji Yokoyama ◽  
Yoshiyuki Aihara ◽  
Noriko Konishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Selection Pressure ◽  
Minimum Spanning Tree ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Whole Genome Analysis ◽  
Japanese Strain ◽  
Contaminated Food ◽  
Geographical Distances ◽  
Kanto Region

In Japan’s Kanto region, the number of Salmonella enterica serovar Chester infections increased temporarily between 2014 and 2016. Concurrently with this temporal increase in the Kanto region, S. Chester isolates belonging to one clonal group were causing repetitive outbreaks in Europe. A recent study reported that the European outbreaks were associated with travelers who had been exposed to contaminated food in Morocco, possibly seafood. Because Japan imports a large amount of seafood from Morocco, we aimed to establish whether the temporal increase in S. Chester infections in the Kanto region was associated with imported Moroccan seafood. Short sequence reads from the whole-genome sequencing of 47 S. Chester isolates from people in the Kanto region (2014–2016), and the additional genome sequences from 58 isolates from the European outbreaks, were analyzed. The reads were compared with the complete genome sequence from a S. Chester reference strain, and 347 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified. These SNPs were used in this study. Cluster and Bayesian cluster analyses showed that the Japanese and European isolates fell into two different clusters. Therefore, ΦPT and IAS values were calculated to evaluate genetic differences between these clusters. The results revealed that the Japanese and European isolates were genetically distinct populations. Our root-to-tip analysis showed that the Japanese isolates originating from one clone had accumulated mutations, suggesting that an emergence of this organism occurred. A minimum spanning tree analysis demonstrated no correlation between genetic and geographical distances in the Japanese isolates, suggesting that the emergence of the serovar in the Kanto region did not involve person-to-person contact; rather, it occurred through food consumption. The dN/dS ratio indicated that the Japanese strain has evolved under positive selection pressure. Generally, a population of bacterial clones in a reservoir faces negative selection pressure. Therefore, the Japanese strain must have existed outside of any reservoir during its emergence. In conclusion, S. Chester isolates originating from one clone probably emerged in the Kanto region via the consumption of contaminated foods other than imported Moroccan seafood. The emerging strain may have not established a reservoir for survival in the food supply chain resulting in its disappearance after 2017.

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