The Political Interpretation of Multilateral Treaties

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirley Scott
Keyword(s):  
The Political ◽  
Political Interpretation ◽  
Multilateral Treaties

scholarly journals No news is better than evil news. Clearing up the way to face Alternative Archaeologies

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
Jaime Almansa Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Public Archaeology ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Public ◽  
Professional Discipline ◽  
The Past ◽  
Political Interpretation ◽  
Better Than ◽  
The Way

While Archaeology started to take form as a professional discipline, Alternative Archaeologies grew in several ways. As the years went by, the image of Archaeology started being corrupted by misconceptions and a lot of imagination, and those professionals that were claiming to be scientists forgot one of their first responsibilities; the public. This lack of interest is one of the reasons why today, a vast majority of society believes in many clichés of the past that alternative archaeologists have used to build a fictitious History that is not innocent at all. From UFOs and the mysteries of great civilizations to the political interpretation of the past, the dangers of Alternative Archaeologies are clear and under our responsibility. This paper analyzes this situation in order to propose a strategy that may make us the main characters of the popular imagery in the mid-term. Since confrontation and communication do not seem to be effective approaches, we need a change in the paradigm based on Public Archaeology and the increase of our presence in everyday life.

Liberal Imaginations

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trine Flockhart
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Practice Theory ◽  
World Order ◽  
Historical Sociology ◽  
Shared Knowledge ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Past ◽  
Political Interpretation

This chapter outlines a historical conceptual framework for understanding how liberal order came to be what it is today and how it has been imagined under different conditions and contexts across four centuries of intermingled liberal ordering practices and liberal ideas about world order. It asks ‘what is “the liberal” in liberal world order?’ and points to the use of narrativity and shared knowledge for constituting otherwise neutral concepts as liberal concepts. The aim is to increase our understanding of the political present by imbuing the past with historical meaning and political interpretation. For this purpose the chapter incorporates insights from constructivist and critical thinking, as well as from historical sociology and practice theory.

The Aerarium and its Officials Under the Empire

1964 ◽  
Vol 54 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 33-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fergus Millar
Keyword(s):  
World Wide ◽  
The Political ◽  
Public Funds ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Political Interpretation ◽  
Financial Administration ◽  
Political Character ◽  
Public Revenues

No analysis of the political character of the Empire can avoid the question of finance. The various sources of revenue of the Emperor and the res publica, the role of the private wealth of the Emperor, the nature of his control over public funds, the question of how and when various public revenues were taken by him—a satisfactory political interpretation of the early Empire must take account of all these.This article attempts merely to take a second preliminary step towards such an interpretation. Its aim is to set out as clearly as possible the evidence as to the nature of the Aerarium and the functions of its officials, and, above all, to avoid the anachronistic approach which our language itself so readily invites. Not all anachronistic views of the subject have had the beautiful obviousness of Ramsay's contribution: even to speak of the ‘world-wide financial administration’ of the Aerarium will prove to be misleading.

29. Arendt

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justine Lacroix
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Human Condition ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Conception ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Political Interpretation ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Way ◽  
The Human Condition

This chapter examines a number of key concepts in Hannah Arendt's work, with particular emphasis on how they have influenced contemporary thought about the meaning of human rights. It begins with a discussion of Arendt's claim that totalitarianism amounts to a destruction of the political domain and a denial of the human condition itself; this in turn had occurred only because human rights had lost all validity. It then considers Arendt's formula of the ‘right to have rights’ and how it opens the way to a ‘political’ conception of human rights founded on the defence of republican institutions and public-spiritedness. It shows that this ‘political’ interpretation of human rights is itself based on an underlying understanding of the human condition as marked by natality, liberty, plurality and action, The chapter concludes by reflecting on the so-called ‘right to humanity’.

Some Notable Developments in the Practice of the UN Secretary-General as Depositary of Multilateral Treaties: Reservations and Declarations

2005 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 433-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Palitha T. B. Kohona
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Secretary General ◽  
The Political ◽  
Vienna Convention ◽  
Human Rights Treaties ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Many ◽  
Multilateral Treaties

This Note will examine developments in the practice of the United Nations secretary-general on reservations and declarations to treaties, particularly since 1994 when the Summary of Practice of the Secretary-General as Depositary of Multilateral Treaties was last updated. This period was marked by some notable developments in the previous practice, especially in connection with human rights treaties.The Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties of 1969 (Vienna Convention) provides the framework for the functions of the secretary-general in his role as depositary of multilateral treaties. Most aspects of the law relating to reservations and declarations to treaties are also codified in the Vienna Convention.Over five hundred multilateral treaties are deposited with the secretary-general. The complex requirements relating to these treaties and the concerns of the many disparate states that may undertake treaty actions with regard to them have significantly influenced his practice. He is also conscious of the political sensitivities surrounding his decisions and the need to protect his own integrity and impartiality.

Eine Exkommunikationsandrohung des Johannes Kalekas an den Metropoliten von Trapezunt und ihre Hintergründe

2014 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nestor Kavvadas
Keyword(s):  
Civil Wars ◽  
Asia Minor ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Interpretation

AbstractA remarkable letter of the Patriarch of Constantinople Ioannes Kalekas to the Metropolitan Gregorios of Trebizond announces the excommunication of the illegitimate second wife of the Emperor of Trebizond, the Megas Komnenos Basileios, and simultaneously threatens the latter with the same punishment, if he should not return to his rightful spouse - a daughter of the Byzantine Emperor Andronikos III Palaiologos - as well as the Metropolitan himself, if he should not stop supporting his Emperor. Although this letter is an example of the political instrumentalisation of excommunication under Kalekas (and during the entire civil wars), it resists a straightforward political interpretation, because Kalekas and his political friends in Constantinople seem not to have had stable alliances in contemporary Trebizond. But the unusually vehement accusations against Gregorios of Trebizond launched in this letter by Kalekas, who was then taking measures against the advancing erosion of the episcopate in Asia Minor, reveal the direct goal of the Patriarch: to prepare in due form, by means of the excommunication threat, the deposition of Gregorios and his replacement by a prelate of his confidence - which is precisely what Kalekas did as soon as Basileios died and Gregorios was left without support.

A Foreign Policy Model of U.S. Bilateral Aid Allocation

1977 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. McKinlay ◽  
R. Little
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
The Political ◽  
Aid Allocation ◽  
Bilateral Aid ◽  
Policy Model ◽  
Main Research ◽  
National Longitudinal Study ◽  
Policy Models ◽  
Political Interpretation ◽  
Cross National

Two views, founded on divergent rationales, have been used to explain the allocation of official bilateral aid. One view explains the allocation of aid in terms of the humanitarian needs of the recipient, the other in terms of the foreign policy interests of the donor. Although the foreign policy view is now clearly dominant, it has not been developed systematically. This paper initially develops an analytic foreign policy model of aid allocation. The model suggests that the provision of aid leads to the establishment of commitment and dependency, enabling the donor to realize certain foreign policy utilities. These utilities in turn allow the donor to pursue its interests. These interests may be ordered into five substantive foreign policy models. The main research objective of the paper is to test these models in the context of U.S. aid by making a cross-national, longitudinal study of the distribution of U.S. aid over the years 1960- 1970. We find that the foreign policy model which best explains the allocation of U.S. aid is one that is consonant with the political interpretation of imperialism.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Political Risk in a Country: a Practitioner’s View

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 407-427
Author(s):  
Carlos Gustavo Arrieta Padilla
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
South America ◽  
Foreign Investment ◽  
Political Risk ◽  
General Motors ◽  
The Political ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Union Carbide ◽  
Legal Entities ◽  
Multilateral Treaties

Political risk is inherent to foreign investment. It stems from either the government's or the political regime's instability, or restrictive and compelling governmental policies. To cope with this risk, two complementary instruments are used: risk assessment and deterrent measures. Taking into consideration South America, the author explains how the political risk assessment is realized through risks indexes, public or corporate: each carries its own criteria as shown here by the analysis of General Motors and Union Carbide methods of assessment. The author then discusses the means available to the investor to forecast and minimize the negative effects of the actualization of a political risk. He identifies two main categories of deterrent measures: business oriented strategies carried out by the investor or legal techniques of protection. Among the latter, the author analyses the stabilization and internationalization clauses; the security offered by certain bilateral or multilateral treaties to foreign investment; the guarantees agreed upon by organizations such as the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency; the transfer of domicile of legal entities.

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