Cylindrosporus flavidus gen. et comb. nov. (Hymenochaetales, Basidiomycota) segregated from Onnia

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 219 (3) ◽  
pp. 276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Wei Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
The Other ◽  
Current Concept ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Monotypic Genus ◽  
Molecular Test ◽  
Thin Walled ◽  
First Time

Onnia is one of the seven genera of Inonotus s.l., belonging to Hymenochaetaceae. According to the current concept, Onnia differs from the other six genera of Inonotus s.l. mainly by its either stipitate or sessile basidiocarps, duplex context, presence of hymenial setae and hyaline, thin-walled basidiospores. As the only species with sessile basidiocarps and cylindrical basidiospores in Onnia, O. flavida was transferred from Inonotus without molecular test. In this study, for the first time, Onnia flavida is included in nLSU- and ITS-based phylogenetic analyses. Phylogenetic analyses showed that Onnia flavida belonged to Hymenochaetaceae and was clearly separated from Onnia and other six genera of Inonotus s.l. Moreover, there is no other current genus in Hymenochaetaceae fit to accommodate this species from both morphological and phylogenetic perspectives. Therefore, a monotypic genus Cylindrosporus is newly proposed to accommodate the new combination C. flavidus. The distinct characters of Cylindrosporus that distinguish it from other morphologically and phylogenetically related genera are discussed.

scholarly journals Identification of Hepatitis B virus putative intergenotype recombinants by using fragment typing

2006 ◽  
Vol 87 (8) ◽  
pp. 2203-2215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Yang ◽  
Ke Xing ◽  
Riqiang Deng ◽  
Jinwen Wang ◽  
Xunzhang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hot Spots ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
The Other ◽  
Consensus Sequences ◽  
B Virus ◽  
First Time ◽  
Recombination Breakpoints

Eight hundred and thirty-seven human Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genomes were categorized into pure genotypes and potential intergenotypes, according to their fragment types which were determined based on similarity and phylogenetic analyses of 13 contrived fragments of 250 bp against the corresponding fragments of the consensus sequences of genotypes A–H. Twenty-five intergenotypes, including 171 genomes, were revealed from the potential intergenotype recombinants by phylogenetic analysis of the precisely derived mosaic fragments. Among these, four new intergenotypes were discovered. Many genomes were revealed as putative intergenotype recombinants for the first time. About 87 % of the putative recombinants were B/C (120) and A/D (29) hybrids. The other recombinants comprised A/B/C, A/C, A/E, A/G, C/D, C/F, C/G, C/U (U for unknown genotype) and B/C/U hybrids. Genotypes A and C showed a higher recombination tendency than did other genotypes. The results also demonstrated region priority and breakpoint hot spots in the intergenotype recombination. Recombination breakpoints were found to be concentrated mainly in the vicinity of the DR1 region (nt 1640–1900), the pre S1/S2 region (nt 3150–100), the 3′-end of the C gene (nt 2330–2450) and the 3′-end of the S gene (nt 650–830). These results support the suggestion that intergenotype recombinants may result from co-infection with different genotypes.

Description of five new species ofHeliuraButler (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Arctiini: Ctenuchina), with discussion onH. pierus(Cramer) and theH. stolli(Rothschild) species group

2016 ◽  
Vol 148 (4) ◽  
pp. 396-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lívia R. Pinheiro ◽  
Jean-Aimé Cerda ◽  
Marcelo Duarte
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Species Inquirenda ◽  
First Time

AbstractFivenew speciesofHeliuraButler (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) are described:H. laguerreiPinheiro and Cerda,H. beneluziPinheiro and Cerda,Heliura crameriPinheiro and Cerda,H. nigriventrisPinheiro and Duarte, andH. pauloiPinheiro and Duarte. The last three species are placed in theH. stolli(Rothschild) species group, which is delimited for the first time and discussed. The other known species that are also part of this group are redescribed, and an identification key is provided.Heliura pieroidesRothschild is a revalidated combination.Heliura parcipunctais a new combination.Heliura pierusCramer is considered aspecies inquirenda. Illustrations of habitus and genitalia of the species treated herein are provided whenever possible.

scholarly journals Morphoanatomy of Schultesia pachyphylla (Gentianaceae): a discordant pattern in the genus

Botany ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 91 (12) ◽  
pp. 830-839 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsie Franklin Guimarães ◽  
Valdnéa Casagrande Dalvi ◽  
Aristéa Alves Azevedo
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
The Other ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Monotypic Genus ◽  
Fruit Maturation ◽  
Anatomical Data ◽  
Medullary Parenchyma ◽  
Internal Phloem

Schultesia Mart. comprises 21 closely related taxa. The revision of the genus showed that Schultesia pachyphylla Griseb. and Xestaea lisianthoides Griseb. are different from other species. The aim of this study was to describe the morphoanatomy of S. pachyphylla, comparing it with other Schultesia species and X. lisianthoides, and to provide data on their geographical distribution and habitat. Morphological and anatomical data were subjected to multivariate analysis. Schultesia pachyphylla is endemic to the state of Bahia, Brazil, and is separated from the other species by having 5-merous flowers, 5-winged calyx, wings between the calyx lobes, loss of interveinal tissue on sepals during fruit maturation, dark red colored immature calyces, capsules opening from base to apex, 3-anaporate pollen grains, and epidermal papillae evident in the field. Schultesia pachyphylla has amphistomatic leaves with anisocytic stomata, uniseriate epidermis, dorsiventral mesophyll, and bicollateral vascular bundles. The stem has small wings, cortical and medullary parenchyma, and internal phloem. Foliar colleters and nectaries on leaves and stem were observed. We believe that morphological and anatomical data could support the creation of a monotypic genus or the relocation of this species into another genus. Phylogenetic analyses are in progress to define the species’ positioning.

Protoachlya papillata (Saprolegniales, Oomycota): a new name for Protoachlya hypogyna (Coker & Pemberton) TW Johnson & RL Seym

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 314 (2) ◽  
pp. 273 ◽  
Author(s):  
DANILO REIS GONÇALVES ◽  
SARAH C.O. ROCHA ◽  
CARMEN L.A. PIRES-ZOTTARELLI
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
New Name ◽  
First Time

A new combination was proposed by Johnson and collaborators in 2005 transferring Achlya hypogyna to the genus Protoachlya based on morphological evidence. However, the proposed name Protoachlya hypogyna was not legitimate because it had been already adopted for another species. Therefore, a new name for this taxon is herein proposed and morphological and phylogenetic analyses are presented justifying the position of this species inside the genus Protoachlya. For the first time, ITS and LSU sequences of P. hypogyna are used in a phylogenetic analysis and deposited in GenBank.

Description of Oigolaimella attenuata n. sp. (Diplogastridae) associated with termites (Reticulitermes) and remarks on life cycle, giant spermatozoa, gut-inhabiting flagellates and other associates

Nematology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 501-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Fürst von Lieven ◽  
Walter Sudhaus
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Lateral Field ◽  
Diagnostic Key ◽  
Giant Spermatozoa ◽  
First Time ◽  
A New Species

AbstractA new species of the diplogastrid genus Oigolaimella is described in colonies of termites belonging to the genus Reticulitermes from Corsica (France) and USA. Oigolaimella attenuata n. sp. males can be recognised by the conspicuous length of the ventral unkeeled part of the otherwise keeled gubernaculum and, in contrast to the other members of the genus, the fact that the lateral field of both adult stages is marked by a single line. A diagnostic key for the five species of Oigolaimella is presented. Life cycle and development, including spermiogenesis, sperm transfer, sperm competition and fertilisation are described in detail. Some interesting aberrations of the reproductive system are documented. The new species uses the preoral cavities of the termites for internal phoresis and is associated with non-pathogenic gut-inhabiting flagellates of the taxon Kinetoplastida. The heads of 76 of 117 examined termites were infested with dauer juveniles of O. attenuata n. sp. with an average of 6.4 nematodes per termite. Six additional nematode species were isolated from the bodies of the termites, particularly a species of Pristionchus and, for the first time, Halicephalobus sp., Mesorhabditis spiculigera and Rhabditella axei. Rhabpanus ossiculum was isolated from termite-inhabited wood from Corsica, the first such detection in Europe. In the course of our discussion of the literature on termite-associated nematodes, we propose the new combination Pristionchus formosianus (Poinar, Meikle & Mercadier, 2006) n. comb. (=Chroniodiplogaster formosiana).

Hierobotana Briq., an intriguing monotypic genus of tribe Verbeneae (Verbenaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 164 (4) ◽  
pp. 286
Author(s):  
NATALY O’LEARY ◽  
PABLO MORONI
Keyword(s):  
Single Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
Monotypic Genus ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

Hierobotana is a monotypic genus that belongs to tribe Verbeneae and is endemic to Ecuador. It is morphologically distinct from the other genera of Verbeneae in having only two functional stamens instead of four, as occur in most Verbenaceae. In the present work the relationship between Hierobotana and the other genera of Verbeneae is examined for the first time. Its single species, Hierobotana inflata, is described and illustrated and a key to the genera of tribe Verbeneae is provided. 

scholarly journals Complete mitogenomes of Anopheles peditaeniatus and Anopheles nitidus and phylogenetic relationships within the genus Anopheles inferred from mitogenomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Guo ◽  
Zhen-Tian Yan ◽  
Wen-Bo Fu ◽  
Huan Yuan ◽  
Xu-Dong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Repeat Unit ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
The Other ◽  
Genome Variations ◽  
Medical Importance ◽  
First Time

Abstract Background Despite the medical importance of mosquitoes of the genus Anopheles in the transmission of malaria and other human diseases, its phylogenetic relationships are not settled, and the characteristics of mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) are not thoroughly understood. Methods The present study sequenced and analyzed the complete mitogenomes of An. peditaeniatus and An. nitidus, investigated genome characteristics, and inferred the phylogenetic relationships of 76 Anopheles spp. Results The complete mitogenomes of An. peditaeniatus and An. nitidus are 15,416 and 15,418 bp long, respectively, and both include 13 PCGs, 22 tRNAs, two tRNAs and one control region (CR). Mitogenomes of Anopheles spp. are similar to those of other insects in general characteristics; however, the trnR and trnA have been reversed to “trnR-trnA,” as has been reported in other mosquito genera. Genome variations mainly occur in CR length (493–886 bp) with six repeat unit types identified for the first time that demonstrate an evolutionary signal. The subgenera Lophopodomyia, Stethomyia, Kerteszia, Nyssorhynchus, Anopheles and Cellia are inferred to be monophyletic, and the phylogenetic analyses support a new phylogenetic relationship among the six subgenera investigated, in that subgenus Lophopodomyia is the sister to all other five subgenera, and the remaining five subgenera are divided into two clades, one of which is a sister-taxon subgenera Stethomyia + Kerteszia, and the other consists of subgenus Nyssorhynchus as the sister to a sister-group subgenera Anopheles + Cellia. Four series (Neomyzomyia, Pyretophorus, Neocellia and Myzomyia) of the subgenus Cellia, and two series (Arribalzagia and Myzorhynchus) of the subgenus Anopheles were found to be monophyletic, whereas three sections (Myzorhynchella, Argyritarsis and Albimanus) and their subdivisions of the subgenus Nyssorhynchus were polyphyletic or paraphyletic. Conclusions The study comprehensively uncovered the characteristics of mitogenome and the phylogenetics based on mitogenomes in the genus Anopheles, and provided information for further study on the mitogenomes, phylogenetics and taxonomic revision of the genus. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals A second species of Pseuduvaria in China: the identity of the enigmatic species Meiogyne kwangtungensis

PhytoKeys ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 172 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Qing-Long Wang ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Yun-Yun Shao ◽  
Zhu-Nian Wang ◽  
Bine Xue
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Full Description ◽  
Key To Species ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Generic Affinity ◽  
Floral Characters ◽  
First Time ◽  
Made In

Meiogyne kwangtungensis is a rare species endemic to Hainan, China, known just from two fruiting collections made in the 1930s. Although it was published under the name Meiogyne in 1976, it was suggested that it might be better placed within Pseuduvaria or Mitrephora. For decades, this species was never collected again, thus its true generic affinity remained unresolved due to the lack of flowers. During a field exploration in Hainan, we re-discovered this species and collected a flowering specimen for the first time. The flower immediately confirmed its affinity with Pseuduvaria. Phylogenetic analyses of five chloroplast regions (psbA-trnH, trnL-F, matK, rbcL, and atpB-rbcL; ca. 4.2 kb, 70 accessions) also unambiguously placed Meiogyne kwangtungensis in the Pseuduvaria clade (PP = 1.00, ML BS = 99%). Morphologically, it is most similar to P. multiovulata which is endemic to Myanmar and Thailand, both with often-paired flowers, long pedicels and short peduncles, and often 1–2 monocarps. However, it differs in having smaller flowers with kidney-shaped glands on the inner petals, fewer stamens and carpels, smaller ovoid monocarps with an apicule and fewer seeds. On the basis of the combined molecular phylogenetic and morphological data, we propose a new combination, Pseuduvaria kwangtungensis (P.T.Li) Qing L.Wang & B.Xue. A full description including floral characters and a color plate are provided here for this species. A key to species in the genus Pseuduvaria in China is also provided.

A new combination in Alkekengi (Solanaceae) for the Flora of China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 178 (1) ◽  
pp. 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruijiang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Plants ◽  
New World ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Monotypic Genus ◽  
World Species ◽  
Nomenclature Committee ◽  
Flora Of China ◽  
The Family ◽  
Eurasian Species

The genus Physalis Linnaeus (1753: 182) is a medium-sized genus in the family Solanaceae Jussieu (1789: 124). It includes about 75 New World species and one Eurasian species, P. alkekengi Linnaeus (1753: 183), the generic lectotype (Britton & Brown 1913). Recently, several phylogenetic analyses focusing on Physalis and related taxa strongly supported the monophyly of the morphologically typical New World species, characterized by unlobed and yellow flowers. Physalis alkekengi represents a divergent clade characterized by somewhat lobed, white corollas and brilliant red-orange fruiting calyces (Whitson & Manos 2005; Olmstead et al. 2008). In order to emphasize the monophyly and morphological homogeneity of the New World species and decrease nomenclatural disruption, the genus Physalis was proposed for conservation with a conserved type, P. pubescens Linneaus, to represent the New World species (Whitson 2011). The Eurasian P. alkekengi was suggested to be placed in a monotypic genus Alkekengi Miller (1754: AL) typified with A. officinarum Moench (1802: 177). This proposal was subsequently recommended for acceptance by the Nomenclature Committee for Vascular Plants (Applequist 2012).

Darwin's two competing phylogenetic trees: marsupials as ancestors or sister taxa?

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. David Archibald
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Record ◽  
Evolutionary Biology ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Charles Darwin ◽  
The Other ◽  
Charles Lyell ◽  
Single Origin ◽  
Molecular Studies ◽  
Richard Owen ◽  
First Time

Studies of the origin and diversification of major groups of plants and animals are contentious topics in current evolutionary biology. This includes the study of the timing and relationships of the two major clades of extant mammals – marsupials and placentals. Molecular studies concerned with marsupial and placental origin and diversification can be at odds with the fossil record. Such studies are, however, not a recent phenomenon. Over 150 years ago Charles Darwin weighed two alternative views on the origin of marsupials and placentals. Less than a year after the publication of On the origin of species, Darwin outlined these in a letter to Charles Lyell dated 23 September 1860. The letter concluded with two competing phylogenetic diagrams. One showed marsupials as ancestral to both living marsupials and placentals, whereas the other showed a non-marsupial, non-placental as being ancestral to both living marsupials and placentals. These two diagrams are published here for the first time. These are the only such competing phylogenetic diagrams that Darwin is known to have produced. In addition to examining the question of mammalian origins in this letter and in other manuscript notes discussed here, Darwin confronted the broader issue as to whether major groups of animals had a single origin (monophyly) or were the result of “continuous creation” as advocated for some groups by Richard Owen. Charles Lyell had held similar views to those of Owen, but it is clear from correspondence with Darwin that he was beginning to accept the idea of monophyly of major groups.

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