A new variety of Panax (Araliaceae) from Lam Vien Plateau, Vietnam and its molecular evidence

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 277 (1) ◽  
pp. 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
NONG VAN DUY ◽  
LE NGOC TRIEU ◽  
NGUYEN DUY CHINH ◽  
VAN TIEN TRAN
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Molecular Sequence Data ◽  
Molecular Sequence ◽  
Southern Vietnam ◽  
Iucn Red List Categories ◽  
Apex Acuminate

A new variety of Panax, P. vietnamensis var. langbianensis is described from Lang Bian Mountain, Lam Vien Plateau in southern Vietnam. It is visually distinct from other two varieties of P. vietnamensis (var. vietnamensis, var. fuscidiscus) by having the shorter petiolules 8–11 mm long, leaflet apex acuminate, pedicels 0.4–0.6 cm, petals smaller, disk prominent, and styles typically 2 (or rarely 1). The recognition of the new variety is supported by the evidence of molecular sequence data from three markers (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2, 18S rRNA and partial matK) in addition to morphological consideration. The new variety is known only from one population from the locality where the type specimens were collected. The species occurs in an area of only approximately 1 km2 with a population size of approximately 100–200 individuals. Therefore it should be regarded as critically endangered (CBB2acb (ii,iii,v); C2a(i); E) according to the IUCN Red List Categories and criteria.

A revision of the planthopper genus Chionomus Fennah (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea: Delphacidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4811 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-63
Author(s):  
KATHRYN M. WEGLARZ ◽  
CHARLES R BARTLETT
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Model ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Additional Species ◽  
Molecular Sequence Data ◽  
Molecular Sequence ◽  
Original Definition ◽  
Definition Of

The planthopper genus Chionomus Fennah, 1971 (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea: Delphacidae) currently includes three Neotropical species, removed from the polyphyletic genus Delphacodes Fieber, 1866. Morphological and molecular evidence further redefine Chionomus to include ten additional species (eight species removed from Delphacodes, two described as new, viz. Chionomus dolonus n. sp. and C. herkos n. sp.), with another four species synonymized. Phylogenetic analyses of morphological and molecular sequence data of the mitochondrial gene Cytochrome Oxidase I provide support for the monophyly of Chionomus. We use a mixed model Bayesian optimality criterion to define phylogenetic relationships among Chionomus and support paraphyly of the original definition of Chionomus (with respect to Delphacodes) and monophyly of the revised genus. 

scholarly journals Diversification of Neoaves: integration of molecular sequence data and fossils

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Per G.P Ericson ◽  
Cajsa L Anderson ◽  
Tom Britton ◽  
Andrzej Elzanowski ◽  
Ulf S Johansson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Divergence Time ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Molecular Sequence Data ◽  
Molecular Sequence ◽  
Divergence Time Estimates ◽  
Time Estimates ◽  
Early Tertiary

Patterns of diversification and timing of evolution within Neoaves, which includes almost 95% of all bird species, are virtually unknown. On the other hand, molecular data consistently indicate a Cretaceous origin of many neoavian lineages and the fossil record seems to support an Early Tertiary diversification. Here, we present the first well-resolved molecular phylogeny for Neoaves, together with divergence time estimates calibrated with a large number of stratigraphically and phylogenetically well-documented fossils. Our study defines several well-supported clades within Neoaves. The calibration results suggest that Neoaves, after an initial split from Galloanseres in Mid-Cretaceous, diversified around or soon after the K/T boundary. Our results thus do not contradict palaeontological data and show that there is no solid molecular evidence for an extensive pre-Tertiary radiation of Neoaves.

scholarly journals Disporella guada sp. nov., an erect-ramose rectangulate cyclostome (Bryozoa, Stenolaemata) from the Caribbean Sea: convergent evolution in bryozoan colony morphology

2021 ◽  
Vol 773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul D. Taylor ◽  
Jean-Georges Harmelin ◽  
Andrea Waeschenbach ◽  
Claude Bouchon
Keyword(s):  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Molecular Sequence Data ◽  
Skeletal Morphology ◽  
Molecular Sequence ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Rna Genes ◽  
A New Species

The taxonomy of cyclostome bryozoans is founded on characters of the skeleton, but molecular sequence data have increasingly shown that established higher taxa are not monophyletic. Here we describe the skeletal morphology of a new species from Guadeloupe (French West Indies) with erect ramose colonies consisting of long, curved zooids that are typical of the suborder Cerioporina among living cyclostomes. However, molecular evidence from nuclear ribosomal RNA genes 18S and 28S places the new taxon in the suborder Rectangulata, where this colony-form has not been previously recorded. It nests firmly within the genus Disporella Gray, 1848, in a strongly supported clade that also includes Plagioecia patina (Lamarck, 1816) (Tubuliporina) and the sister taxa Doliocoitis cyanea Gordon & Taylor, 2001 (Rectangulata) and Favosipora rosea Gordon & Taylor, 2001 (Cerioporina). The short and robust branches of the new Guadeloupe cyclostome, here named Disporella guada Harmelin, Taylor & Waeschenbach sp. nov., are well adapted to life in shallow rocky sites exposed to severe wave action, which appear to be its exclusive habitat.

scholarly journals Primulina wenii (Gesneriaceae), a new species from China

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-182
Author(s):  
Jian Li ◽  
Xin Chen ◽  
Shu Li ◽  
Li-Jiao Yan
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Iucn Red List Categories ◽  
Plant Taxon ◽  
A New Species

Primulina wenii (Gesneriaceae) is described and illustrated here as a new species. Morphologically, this new species resembles P. juliae (Hance) Mich. Möller & A. Weber, but it is distinct from the latter by some obvious features in leaf blade, bract, indumentum, corolla, filament, stigma and pistil. Nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and plastid trnL-F intronspacer (trnL-F) DNA sequence data from the new species and its 22 relatives are used to determine the systematic position of the new species within Primulina. Molecular evidence suggests that P. wenii is strongly supported as a sister to a clade in which P. juliae is included. The conservation status of P. wenii is assessed as "Critically Endangered" (CR) according to IUCN Red List categories and criteria.Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 24(2): 173–182.

The status of Myriangiaceae (Dothideomycetes)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 176 (1) ◽  
pp. 219 ◽  
Author(s):  
ASHA J. DISSANAYAKE ◽  
RUVISHIKA S. JAYAWARDENA ◽  
SARANYAPHAT BOONMEE ◽  
KASUN M. THAMBUGALA ◽  
QING TIAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Molecular Sequence Data ◽  
Molecular Sequence ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Status ◽  
Sexual State ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
Asexual State ◽  
Molecular Characters

The family Myriangiaceae is relatively poorly known amongst the Dothideomycetes and includes genera which are saprobic, epiphytic and parasitic on the bark, leaves and branches of various plants. The family has not undergone any recent revision, however, molecular data has shown it to be a well-resolved family closely linked to Elsinoaceae in Myriangiales. Both morphological and molecular characters indicate that Elsinoaceae differs from Myriangiaceae. In Elsinoaceae, small numbers of asci form in locules in light coloured pseudostromata, which form typical scab-like blemishes on leaf or fruit surfaces. The coelomycetous, “Sphaceloma”-like asexual state of Elsinoaceae, form more frequently than the sexual state; conidiogenesis is phialidic and conidia are 1-celled and hyaline. In Myriangiaceae, locules with single asci are scattered in a superficial, coriaceous to sub-carbonaceous, black ascostromata and do not form scab-like blemishes. No asexual state is known. In this study, we revisit the family Myriangiaceae, and accept ten genera, providing descriptions and discussion on the generic types of Anhellia, Ascostratum, Butleria, Dictyocyclus, Diplotheca, Eurytheca, Hemimyriangium, Micularia, Myriangium and Zukaliopsis. The genera of Myriangiaceae are compared and contrasted. Myriangium duriaei is the type species of the family, while Diplotheca is similar and may possibly be congeneric. The placement of Anhellia in Myriangiaceae is supported by morphological and molecular data. Because of similarities with Myriangium, Ascostratum (A. insigne), Butleria (B. inaghatahani), Dictyocyclus (D. hydrangea), Eurytheca (E. trinitensis), Hemimyriangium (H. betulae), Micularia (M. merremiae) and Zukaliopsis (Z. amazonica) are placed in Myriangiaceae. Molecular sequence data from fresh collections is required to confirm the relationships and placement of the genera in this family.

Apertochrysa (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae): A heterogeneric phantom? 

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4238 (1) ◽  
pp. 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
ATSUSHI MOCHIZUKI ◽  
CHARLES S. HENRY ◽  
PETER DUELLI
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Wing Venation ◽  
Monophyletic Clade ◽  
Molecular Sequence Data ◽  
Molecular Sequence ◽  
Group Relationships

The small lacewing genus Apertochrysa comprises species from Africa, Asia and Australia. All lack a tignum, but otherwise resemble distantly related genera. We show that Apertochrysa does not form a monophyletic clade, based on analyses of molecular sequence data and morphological traits such as the presence and shape of the male gonapsis, wing venation, and larval setae. Apertochrysa kichijoi forms a clade with Eremochrysa, Suarius and Chrysemosa, whereas A. albolineatoides belongs to a clade that includes Cunctochrysa. Apertochrysa albolineatoides should become a new combination as Cunctochrysa albolineatoides, while A. kichijoi will have to be transferred to a new genus. The Australian A. edwardsi, the African A. eurydera and the type species of the genus Apertochrysa, A. umbrosa, join the large Pseudomallada group. Relationships of A. umbrosa are less certain, because for it we could amplify only one of the three nuclear genes used in the overall analysis. However, in all morphological traits tested, that species strongly resembles A. edwardsi and A. eurydera and thus is very likely just another exceptional Pseudomallada lacking a tignum. The fate of the genus name Apertochrysa depends on additional molecular and morphological analyses of A. umbrosa. 

scholarly journals The primary divisions of life: a phylogenomic approach employing composition-heterogeneous methods

2009 ◽  
Vol 364 (1527) ◽  
pp. 2197-2207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter G. Foster ◽  
Cymon J. Cox ◽  
T. Martin Embley
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Signal ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Rate Variation ◽  
Molecular Sequence Data ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Molecular Sequence ◽  
Heterogeneous Models ◽  
Matrix Heterogeneity ◽  
Rna Genes

The three-domains tree, which depicts eukaryotes and archaebacteria as monophyletic sister groups, is the dominant model for early eukaryotic evolution. By contrast, the ‘eocyte hypothesis’, where eukaryotes are proposed to have originated from within the archaebacteria as sister to the Crenarchaeota (also called the eocytes), has been largely neglected in the literature. We have investigated support for these two competing hypotheses from molecular sequence data using methods that attempt to accommodate the across-site compositional heterogeneity and across-tree compositional and rate matrix heterogeneity that are manifest features of these data. When ribosomal RNA genes were analysed using standard methods that do not adequately model these kinds of heterogeneity, the three-domains tree was supported. However, this support was eroded or lost when composition-heterogeneous models were used, with concomitant increase in support for the eocyte tree for eukaryotic origins. Analysis of combined amino acid sequences from 41 protein-coding genes supported the eocyte tree, whether or not composition-heterogeneous models were used. The possible effects of substitutional saturation of our data were examined using simulation; these results suggested that saturation is delayed by among-site rate variation in the sequences, and that phylogenetic signal for ancient relationships is plausibly present in these data.

Revealing the endophytic mycoflora in tea (Camellia sinensis) leaves in Sri Lanka: the first comprehensive study

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 514 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-260
Author(s):  
KASUN THAMBUGALA ◽  
DINUSHANI DARANAGAMA ◽  
SAGARIKA KANNANGARA ◽  
THENUKA KODITUWAKKU
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Camellia Sinensis ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Fungal Endophyte ◽  
Tea Leaves ◽  
Molecular Sequence Data ◽  
Molecular Sequence ◽  
Rdna Sequence Data

Endophytic fungi are a diverse group of microorganisms that live asymptomatically in healthy tissues of host and they have been reported from all kinds of plant tissues such as leaves, stems, roots, flowers, and fruits. In this study, fungal endophytes associated with tea leaves (Camellia sinensis) were collected from Kandy, Kegalle, and Nuwara Eliya districts in Sri Lanka and were isolated, characterized, and identified. A total of twenty endophytic fungal isolates belonging to five genera were recovered and ITS-rDNA sequence data were used to identify them. All isolated endophytic fungal strains belong to the phylum Ascomycota and the majority of these isolates were identified as Colletotrichum species. Phyllosticta capitalensis was the most commonly found fungal endophyte in tea leaves and was recorded in all three districts where the samples were collected. This is the very first investigation on fungal endophytes associated with C. sinensis in Sri Lanka based on molecular sequence data. In addition, a comprehensive account of known endophytic fungi reported worldwide on Camellia sinensis is provided.

scholarly journals Noteworthy record of the Ethiopian genet, Genetta abyssinica, (Carnivora, Viverridae) from Djibouti informs its phylogenetic position within Genetta

Mammalia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam W. Ferguson ◽  
Houssein R. Roble ◽  
Molly M. McDonough
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Alternative Hypothesis ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Sister Relationship ◽  
Molecular Sequence Data ◽  
Molecular Sequence ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Relationship Of

AbstractThe molecular phylogeny of extant genets (Carnivora, Viverridae,Genetta) was generated using all species with the exception of the Ethiopian genetGenetta abyssinica. Herein, we provide the first molecular phylogenetic assessment ofG. abyssinicausing molecular sequence data from multiple mitochondrial genes generated from a recent record of this species from the Forêt du Day (the Day Forest) in Djibouti. This record represents the first verified museum specimen ofG. abyssinicacollected in over 60 years and the first specimen with a specific locality for the country of Djibouti. Multiple phylogenetic analyses revealed conflicting results as to the exact relationship ofG. abyssinicato otherGenettaspecies, providing statistical support for a sister relationship to all other extant genets for only a subset of mitochondrial analyses. Despite the inclusion of this species for the first time, phylogenetic relationships amongGenettaspecies remain unclear, with limited nodal support for many species. In addition to providing an alternative hypothesis of the phylogenetic relationships among extant genets, this recent record provides the first complete skeleton of this species to our knowledge and helps to shed light on the distribution and habitat use of this understudied African small carnivore.

A widespread distribution for Arostrilepis tenuicirrosa (Eucestoda: Hymenolepididae) in Myodes voles (Cricetidae: Arvicolinae) from the Palearctic based on molecular and morphological evidence: historical and biogeographic implications

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurt Galbreath ◽  
Kristina Ragaliauskaite ◽  
Leonas Kontrimavichus ◽  
Arseny Makarikov ◽  
Eric Hoberg
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Intraspecific Diversity ◽  
Myodes Glareolus ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Molecular Sequence Data ◽  
Molecular Sequence ◽  
Biogeographic History ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome B ◽  
The Republic

AbstractHymenolepidid cestodes in Myodes glareolus from Lithuania and additional specimens originally attributed to Arostrilepis horrida from the Republic of Belarus are now referred to A. tenuicirrosa. Our study includes the first records of A. tenuicirrosa from the European (western) region of the Palearctic, and contributes to the recognition of A. horrida (sensu lato) as a complex of cryptic species distributed broadly across the Holarctic. Specimens of A. tenuicirrosa from Lithuania were compared to cestodes representing apparently disjunct populations in the eastern Palearctic based on structural characters of adult parasites and molecular sequence data from nuclear (ITS2) and mitochondrial (cytochrome b) genes. Morphological and molecular data revealed low levels of divergence between eastern and western populations. Phylogeographic relationships among populations and host biogeographic history suggests that limited intraspecific diversity within A. tenuicirrosa may reflect a Late Pleistocene transcontinental range expansion from an East Asian point of origin.

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