Wadithamnus, a new monotypic genus in Amaranthaceae

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 295 (2) ◽  
pp. 173 ◽  
Author(s):  
TIMOTHY A. HAMMER ◽  
ROBERT W. DAVIS ◽  
KEVIN R. THIELE
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Data ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Monotypic Genus ◽  
Distinct Genus ◽  
Nuclear Its ◽  
Basal Position

A new monotypic genus from near-coastal areas of Oman and Yemen is here described and named Wadithamnus. The generitype is Wadithamnus artemisioides comb. nov. (basionym Aerva artemisioides). On the basis of morphology, W. artemisioides can be separated from Aerva on the basis of its 3(–7)-flowered cymes and flowers with two outer and four inner tepals, and four stamens alternating with the inner tepals. Molecular data (nuclear ITS and chloroplast trnK–matK sequences) confirm Wadithamnus as a distinct genus outside Aerva, the latter marker placing it at a basal position to the achyranthoid clade. The name Aerva artemisioides is lectotypified on a specimen preserved at WU.

Molecular Systematics of Lecanora Subgenus Placodium

1998 ◽  
Vol 30 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 415-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulf Arup ◽  
Martin Grube
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Molecular Systematics ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Monotypic Genus ◽  
Secondary Chemistry ◽  
Dna Sequence Data ◽  
Group A ◽  
Nuclear Its

AbstractA first hypothesis for the phylogeny of Lecanora subgen. Placodium is presented by using molecular data. Previous evolutionary ideas and classification concepts for this group with non-molecular data are re-investigated using DNA sequence data from the nuclear ITS and 5.8S regions. Using Protoparmelia as an outgroup, the Lecanora subfusca group together with the L. rupicola group appear as a sister group to assemblages with lobate species. Subgen. Placodium as currently accepted, is not monophyletic. Molecular data suggest that the Lecanora dispersa group and the L. polytropa group are widened by lobate species and there is evidence from the ITS data that the monotypic genus Arctopeltis Poelt is closely related to the L. dispersa group. A congruence between molecular data and secondary chemistry supports the broader concept of the L. dispersa group suggested by the molecular data.

Phylogenetic relations of European shrubby taxa of the genusUsnea

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 427-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauri SAAG ◽  
Tiiu TÕRRA ◽  
Andres SAAG ◽  
Ruth DEL-PRADO ◽  
Tiina RANDLANE
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Parsimony ◽  
Chemical Separation ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Beta Tubulin ◽  
Phylogenetic Relations ◽  
Branch Lengths ◽  
Nuclear Its ◽  
Molecular Characters

AbstractThis study focuses on EuropeanUsneaspecies with sorediate shrubby thalli, with the aim to evaluate the morphological and chemical separation of species in the light of molecular data. Twenty-twoUsneaspecies, including widely distributed taxa such asU. diplotypus, U. fulvoreagens, U. glabrescens, U. lapponica, U. subfloridana, U. substerilisandU. wasmuthii, were included in the study using Bayesian and maximum parsimony analyses of nuclear ITS and beta-tubulin sequences. The analyses showed that: 1) most taxa that are morphologically well delimited are also distinct by means of molecular characters, 2) shrubby taxa in the sectionUsneathat are difficult to determine by traditional characters form a group of closely related but still genetically distinct entities, exceptU. diplotypusandU. substeriliswhich appear to be polyphyletic. The branch lengths differed largely between two parts of the ITS tree (sectionsUsneaandCeratinae).Usnea intermediais proposed as the sexually reproducing counterpart for the sorediateU. lapponica. Additionally, some new chemotypes ofUsneaspecies were determined.

Comparative morphological, anatomical, micromorphological, and palynological studies on the genera Opopanax and Crenosciadium (Apiaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 372 (1) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
ÖZLEM ÇETIN ◽  
MUSTAFA ÇELIK
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Monotypic Genus ◽  
Western Asia ◽  
The Family ◽  
Surface Ornamentation ◽  
Fruit Surface

In the present study, morphological, micromorphological, palynological and anatomical characteristics of the genera Opopanax and Crenosciadium are reviewed and compared. The genus Opopanax is distributed in southern Europe, the Mediterranean region and Western Asia, and it is represented by three species in Turkey. Crenosciadium is a poorly known monotypic genus from Turkey, recently treated as synonym in Opopanax. Expanded descriptions, phenology, geographic distributions, and images of habitus of Opopanax and Crenosciadium are given. The differences between the two genera are discussed. The pollen morphology of Opopanax and Crenosciadium is studied by SEM and LM. The palynological results confirmed the stenopalynous characteristic of the family Apiaceae, and revealed that the pollen grains of both genera are perprolate in shape. Also fruit surface ornamentation of both genera is typically striate, and epidermal cells are polygonal or elongated in one direction. Cross-sections of mature fruits are examined and a detailed anatomical description is presented. Mericarp shape and width are very useful characters for discrimination between Opopanax and Crenosciadium; mericarp ribs are also very significant characteristics to discriminate both genera. Our findings, together with previous molecular data, clearly indicate that Crenosciadium differs considerably from Opopanax, and therefore it should be accepted at genus rank.

Generic Delimitations and Relationships of the Cape Genera Capnophyllum, Dasispermum, and Sonderina, the North African Genera Krubera and Stoibrax, and a New Monotypic Genus of the Subfamily Apioideae (Apiaceae)

2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 580-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony R. Magee ◽  
Ben-Erik van Wyk ◽  
Patricia M. Tilney ◽  
Stephen R. Downie
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Monotypic Genus ◽  
North African ◽  
African Species ◽  
Dna Sequence Data ◽  
The North ◽  
Relationship Of

Generic circumscriptions and phylogenetic relationships of the Cape genera Capnophyllum, Dasispermum, and Sonderina are explored through parsimony and Bayesian inference analyses of nrDNA ITS and cpDNA rps16 intron sequences, morphology, and combined molecular and morphological data. The relationship of these genera with the North African genera Krubera and Stoibrax is also assessed. Analyses of both molecular data sets place Capnophyllum, Dasispermum, Sonderina, and the only southern African species of Stoibrax (S. capense) within the newly recognized Lefebvrea clade of tribe Tordylieae. Capnophyllum is strongly supported as monophyletic and is distantly related to Krubera. The monotypic genus Dasispermum and Stoibrax capense are embedded within a paraphyletic Sonderina. This complex is distantly related to the North African species of Stoibrax in tribe Apieae, in which the type species, Stoibrax dichotomum, occurs. Consequently, Dasispermum is expanded to include both Sonderina and Stoibrax capense. New combinations are formalized for Dasispermum capense, D. hispidum, D. humile, and D. tenue. An undescribed species from the Tanqua Karoo in South Africa is also closely related to Capnophyllum and the Dasispermum–Sonderina complex. The genus Scaraboides is described herein to accommodate the new species, S. manningii. This monotypic genus shares the dorsally compressed fruit and involute marginal wings with Capnophyllum, but is easily distinguished by its erect branching habit, green leaves, scabrous umbels, and fruit with indistinct median and lateral ribs, additional solitary vittae in each marginal wing, and parallel, closely spaced commissural vittae. Despite the marked fruit similarities with Capnophyllum, analyses of DNA sequence data place Scaraboides closer to the Dasispermum–Sonderina complex, with which it shares the erect habit, green (nonglaucous) leaves, and scabrous umbels.

Cymbidium xichouense (Orchidaceae; Epidendroideae), a new species from China: evidence from morphological and molecular data

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 484 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-297
Author(s):  
XINYU XU ◽  
CHANG-CHUN DING ◽  
WENQI HU ◽  
XIA YU ◽  
YU ZHENG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Plastid Dna ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
The Status ◽  
Nuclear Its ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
A New Species

A new species of Cymbidium (Orchidaceae), Cymbidium xichouense, from Yunnan Province, China, is described and illustrated based on morphological evidence and molecular analyses. The new orchid is morphologically similar to C. qinbeiense, but it has several morphological features that distinguish it from C. qiubeinense and all other recognized species in Cymbidium. Phylogenetic analyses based on nuclear (ITS) and plastid DNA (matK) were conducted, and the results also supported the status of C. xichouense as a new species, which is sister to C. qiubeiense.

Monographic revision of the endemic Helix mazzullii De Cristofori & Jan, 1832 complex from Sicily and re-introduction of the genus Erctella Monterosato, 1894 (Pulmonata, Stylommatophora, Helicidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 3134 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. STELLA COLOMBA ◽  
ARMANDO GREGORINI ◽  
FABIO LIBERTO ◽  
AGATINO REITANO ◽  
SALVATORE GIGLIO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Study ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Molecular Dating ◽  
12S Rrna ◽  
Ecological Significance ◽  
Ecological Features ◽  
As Species ◽  
Individual Segment ◽  
Nuclear Its

Helix mazzullii De Cristofori & Jan, 1832 s.l.(Pulmonata, Stylommatophora, Helicidae) is an endemic, rupicolous, saxicavous taxon of northwestern Sicily. Its populations are vulnerable and it is of great ecological significance. However, its taxonomy, phylogeny and biogeography are still uncertain. The present paper reports on a comprehensive analysis of morphological diagnostic characters (shell and genitalia) joined by the molecular study of two mitochondrial (16S rRNA and 12S rRNA) and one nuclear (ITS-2) partial gene sequences, investigated by individual segment analyses or combining the three gene fragments with a concatenate analysis. Our results corroborated the hypothesis that this species is rather a group (i.e., the mazzullii group) including three different taxa (mazzullii, cephalaeditana and insolida) recognized as species. Moreover, molecular dating of lineages suggests that this complex might have occurred long before the Messinian salinity crisis. Finally, peculiar morphological and ecological features along with molecular data strongly support the proposal to re-introduce the genus Erctella Monterosato, 1894 for the H. mazzullii complex. Synonyms and bibliographic references are reported in the systematic part; collection records are listed in Appendix 1.

Contributions to the taxonomy of Rhyncholacis (Podostemaceae): Evidence of monophyly, description of a new species, and transfer of the monotypic Macarenia

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 357 (2) ◽  
pp. 107 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. THOMAS PHILBRICK ◽  
BRAD R. RUHFEL ◽  
CLAUDIA P. BOVE
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Study ◽  
Trnl Intron ◽  
Nuclear Its ◽  
Lobed Leaf ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Made In

We conducted a phylogenetic study of neotropical subfamily Podostemoideae with a focus on Rhyncholacis and the monotypic Macarenia using molecular data (plastid: rbcL, trnL intron; nuclear: ITS). Our results placed the five included species of Rhyncholacis, one of which is newly described herein, in a moderately well supported (73 BP) clade with M. clavigera. These results support the transfer of M. clavigera to Rhyncholacis (R. clavigera); the nomenclatural changes are made. In addition, a new species of Rhyncholacis (R. paulana C.T. Philbrick & C.P. Bove) is illustrated and described. Rhyncholacis paulana is distinguished from all other species in the genus by its simple pinnately lobed leaf, which is fleshy and undulate. All other species of Rhyncholacis have leaves that are pinnately lobed, the lobes of which are repeatedly divided, or pinnately compound and characterized by finely dissected pinnate segments.

Biatora Britannica sp. Nov. and the Occurrence of Biatora Efflorescens in the British Isles

2001 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Printzen ◽  
H. Thorsten Lumbsch ◽  
Alan Orange
Keyword(s):  
Its Region ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Sister Taxon ◽  
British Isles ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Nuclear Its ◽  
Relationship Of

AbstractBiatora Britannica sp. nov is described from Wales. The species is the sorediate sister taxon of the Madeiran Biatora hertelii. The close relationship is supported by the presence of the hymenial pigment Hertelii-green, which is hitherto known only from these two species. Molecular data from the nuclear ITS-region of 14 Bratora¯ species renders further support for the close relationship of both species. Sterile, sorediate material from the British Isles earlier referred to B. efflorescens may in fact belong to B. britannica.

A revision of loasoid Caiophora (Caiophora pterosperma-group, Loasoideae, Loasaceae) from Peru

Phytotaxa ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 110 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
MARKUS ACKERMANN ◽  
MAXIMILIAN WEIGEND
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Species Delimitation ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Flower Morphology ◽  
South American ◽  
American Family ◽  
Fruit Morphology ◽  
Seasonally Dry ◽  
Elevational Distribution ◽  
Basal Position

Caiophora is a taxonomically difficult, nearly exclusively Andean genus of the largely South American family Loasaceae subfam. Loasoideae. Elevational distribution and flower morphology argue for a relatively basal position of loasoid Caiophora in the genus. Caiophora has not been revised since 1900, and details of their morphology, distribution and species delimitation are incompletely understood. The Caiophora pterosperma-group clearly belongs to Caiophora based on habit, fruit morphology, karyology and molecular data, but is florally similar to members of the closely allied genera Loasa and Scyphanthus. The Peruvian members of the Caiophora pterosperma-group are here revised. Three species are recognized: C. pterosperma, endemic to the departments of Junín and Pasco (including C. smithii, C. serropetala and C. pavonii), C. stenocarpa from the departments Cuzco and Huancavelica, and the new species Caiophora dederichiorum, endemic to the department of Ancash. All three species occur at low elevations for the genus (down to 2200 m a.s.l.) and in seasonally dry habitats, unlike most representatives of the genus (usually found in mesic habitats at higher elevations). A key to the Peruvian members of the group, diagnoses, drawings and photographs are provided for all species recognized.

New taxa in Drosanthemum and a new genus in Drosanthemeae (Ruschioideae, Aizoaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 459 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-154
Author(s):  
CORNELIA KLAK ◽  
PAVEL HANÁČEK ◽  
ODETTE CURTIS-SCOTT ◽  
ANSO LE ROUX ◽  
PETER V. BRUYNS
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Monotypic Genus ◽  
Nomenclatural Change ◽  
A New Species

A phylogeny of all nine subgenera of Drosanthemum, based on chloroplast sequence-data, is presented. The results confirm some previously published facts, e.g. that D. zygophylloides is sister to Drosanthemum. We propose to treat this species as a new monotypic genus, Lemonanthemum, which differs from Drosanthemum in features of the leaves and fruit-stalks. In Drosanthemum s.s., the small subg. Quadrata, characterized by 4-locular fruits, is highly supported as sister to the remainder of Drosanthemum (where fruits are 5-locular). Further, our data support the transfer of Delosperma pubipetalum to Drosanthemum (where a nomenclatural change is also made). The pubescent petals, 5-locular fruits with narrow covering membranes and downward-pointing hair-like papillae on the branches suggest that D. pubipetalum is close to D. papillatum and belongs to subg. Quastea. Another species, D. badspoortense, which had been placed in D. subg. Quastea on account of its narrow covering membranes, is shown to belong to Delosperma and also lacks the unique structure of the fruit-stalk of Drosanthemum. In addition, a new species, D. overbergense, is described from disjunct patches of remnant renosterveld within the Overberg and near Albertinia, in the Western Cape of South Africa. Morphological characteristics suggest that this species belongs to subg. Xamera, but this was not corroborated by our molecular data. Finally, a new name—Drosanthemum calcareum—is proposed for the illegitimate D. intermedium and a lectotype (at BOL) is designated for D. pubipetalum. The lectotypification of D. badspoortense is also proposed.

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