Musa markkuana stat. nov. (Musaceae)—A reassessment of Musa velutina subsp. markkuana

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 303 (3) ◽  
pp. 279
Author(s):  
V. S. HAREESH ◽  
A. JOE ◽  
P. E. SREEJITH ◽  
M. SABU
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Musa Velutina

Musa velutina subsp. markkuana was published based on morphological characters. Present studies on anatomy of lamina, midrib, petiole, bract, fruit peel and seeds, palynology and micromorphology of seeds of M. velutina and M. velutina subsp. markkuana have revealed that the differences are strong enough to treat the subspecies to species level, M. markkuana stat. nov. Photomicrographs of all parts and comparison charts are provided.

scholarly journals Molecular Correlation between Larval, Deutonymph and Adult Stages of the Water Mite Arrenurus (Micruracarus) Novus

Life ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
Pedro María Alarcón-Elbal ◽  
Ricardo García-Jiménez ◽  
María Luisa Peláez ◽  
Jose Luis Horreo ◽  
Antonio G. Valdecasas
Keyword(s):  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Adult Stage ◽  
Gravid Female ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Water Mite ◽  
Molecular Correlation ◽  
The Common ◽  
Morphological Transformations

The systematics of many groups of organisms has been based on the adult stage. Morphological transformations that occur during development from the embryonic to the adult stage make it difficult (or impossible) to identify a juvenile (larval) stage in some species. Hydrachnidia (Acari, Actinotrichida, which inhabit mainly continental waters) are characterized by three main active stages—larval, deutonymph and adult—with intermediate dormant stages. Deutonymphs and adults may be identified through diagnostic morphological characters. Larvae that have not been tracked directly from a gravid female are difficult to identify to the species level. In this work, we compared the morphology of five water mite larvae and obtained the molecular sequences of that found on a pupa of the common mosquito Culex (Culex) pipiens with the sequences of 51 adults diagnosed as Arrenurus species and identified the undescribed larvae as Arrenurus (Micruracarus) novus. Further corroborating this finding, adult A. novus was found thriving in the same mosquito habitat. We established the identity of adult and deutonymph A. novus by morphology and by correlating COI and cytB sequences of the water mites at the larval, deutonymph and adult (both male and female) life stages in a particular case of ‘reverse taxonomy’. In addition, we constructed the Arrenuridae phylogeny based on mitochondrial DNA, which supports the idea that three Arrenurus subgenera are ‘natural’: Arrenurus, Megaluracarus and Micruracarus, and the somewhat arbitrary distinction of the species assigned to the subgenus Truncaturus.

scholarly journals Plantago campestris (Plantaginaceae), a rare new species from southern Brazil, supported by phylogenomic and morphological evidence

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11848
Author(s):  
Gustavo Hassemer ◽  
Elliot M. Gardner ◽  
Nina Rønsted
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Iucn Criteria

High-throughput sequencing, when combined with taxonomic expertise, is a powerful tool to refine and advance taxonomic classification, including at the species level. In the present work, a new species, Plantago campestris, is described out of the P. commersoniana species complex, based on phylogenomic and morphological evidence. The main morphological characters that distinguish the new species from P. commersoniana are the glabrous posterior sepals and the slightly broader leaves. The new species is known from only three localities, all in natural high-elevation grasslands in Paraná and Santa Catarina states, southern Brazil. According to the IUCN criteria new species should be assessed as Endangered (EN). We present field photographs of P. campestris and related species, and we provide an identification key to the species previously included within the circumscription of P. commersoniana.

Extended family: a caddisfly new to Saskatchewan, Canada with notes on the life history ofNeophylax splendens(Trichoptera: Thremmatidae)

2014 ◽  
Vol 147 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brittney M. Hoemsen ◽  
Iain D. Phillips ◽  
Dale W. Parker ◽  
Aaron J. Bell ◽  
Jordyn A. Bergsveinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Life History ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Extended Family ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Macroinvertebrate Communities ◽  
Biological Surveys ◽  
Pupal Diapause

AbstractStreams draining the Cypress Hills support unique and understudied macroinvertebrate communities in Saskatchewan, Canada. Here, we report the discovery of a species of caddisfly new to the Cypress Hills and Saskatchewan,Neophylax splendensDenning (Trichoptera: Thremmatidae). Larvae were collected early in May 2012, and are found to enter pre-pupal diapause in mid-June until mid-September. Larvae were identified asN. splendensby morphological characters and verified with genetic analysis. Its occurrence strengthens the biogeographical link between the montane regions in British Columbia, Canada and Utah, United States of America with the southwest corner of Saskatchewan. This study highlights the importance of seasonal sampling, resolute species level identifications in biological surveys and the use of genetic analyses to obtain this level of identification.

Taxonomic status of Andersen’s fruit-eating bat (Artibeus jamaicensis aequatorialis) and revised classification of Artibeus (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2648 (1) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETER A. LARSEN ◽  
MARÍA R. MARCHÁN-RIVADENEIRA ◽  
ROBERT J. BAKER
Keyword(s):  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Species Level ◽  
South American ◽  
Reciprocal Monophyly ◽  
Dna Variation ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Artibeus Jamaicensis ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies

Fruit-eating bats of the genus Artibeus are widely distributed across the Neotropics and are one of the most recently evolved assemblages of the family Phyllostomidae. Although the taxonomy and systematics of species of Artibeus has been the subject of an intense historical debate, the most current taxonomic arrangements recognize approximately eleven species within the genus. However, recent phylogenetic studies indicate that species diversity within South and Middle American populations of Artibeus is underestimated. South American populations referable to A. jamaicensis aequatorialis are of considerable interest because previous studies of mitochondrial DNA variation identified potential species level variation west of the Andes Mountains. In this study we use morphometric and genetic data (nuclear AFLPs) to investigate the taxonomic status of A. j. aequatorialis. Our results indicate that elevating aequatorialis to species level is appropriate based on statistically supported reciprocal monophyly in mitochondrial and nuclear datasets and diagnostic morphological characters. In light of our results, and of those presented elsewhere, we provide a revised classification of the genus.

scholarly journals Taxonomy of the genus Commelina Plum. ex L. (Commelinaceae) in Nepal

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 25-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyoti P Gajurel ◽  
Krishna K Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Plant Science ◽  
The World ◽  
Voucher Specimens ◽  
Key Words Anatomy ◽  
Anatomical Characters

About 170 species of Commelina are known from tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Nepal contributes 6 species of Commelina to the world flora. In the present work, taxonomy of all the six species of Commelina reported from Nepal (C. benghalensis, C. caroliniana, C. diffusa, C. maculata, C. paludosa and C. suffruticosa) was studied. Voucher specimens were collected from Central and Eastern Nepal, covering 14 districts. Morphological characters were studied from these collections. Palynological and anatomical characters were also used to see if they are taxonomically important to delimit the taxa within Commelina. Morphological characters seemed promising to delimit the taxa within Commelina. The key identifying characters at species level are modification in root, form of spathe, structure of leaves and seeds, shape of stomata and pollen. Palynological and anatomical characters were also useful, to some extent, in separating some species, but were not significant as compared to morphological data. Some specimens, close to C. benghalensis and C. caroliniana, showed very different characters. Thus further study is needed to confirm their taxonomic status. Key-words: anatomy; flora; morphological characters; palynology; voucher specimens.DOI: 10.3126/botor.v6i0.2907 Botanica Orientalis - Journal of Plant Science (2009) 6: 25-31

The systematic position of the genus Rhinanthus (Scrophulariaceae) in North America

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (7) ◽  
pp. 1443-1449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert van Hulst ◽  
Andrée Thériault ◽  
Bill Shipley
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Seed Protein ◽  
Seed Proteins ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Seed Morphology ◽  
Species Level ◽  
General Morphology ◽  
Interpopulation Variation

North American plants of the genus Rhinanthus are generally designated as R. crista-galli L., or sometimes as R. borealis (Sterneck) Druce or R. stenophyllus (Schur) Druce. The name R. crista-galli, however, has been declared a nomen dubium, and in Europe the corresponding plant is now known as R. minor L. We have compared North American and European material of Rhinanthus on the basis of general morphology, soluble seed proteins, and seed morphology. General morphology proved to be a poor guide to interpopulation variation in these highly plastic plants, even when aided by numerical methods. Seed protein banding has already been shown to be an extremely valuable and stable guide to taxonomy at or below the species level. We have demonstrated four distinct protein banding types in our material: a southeastern Canadian type (S), a northern Canadian type (N), a European type (E), and a hybrid between S and N. Subsequently, we have attempted to allocate populations to the correct seed protein type on the basis of seed morphology alone using discriminant analysis. This allocation is correct in the great majority of cases. We propose that both the southern Canadian and European types be designated as R. minor var. minor (although the two types can in some cases be distinguished on the basis of seed proteins), and that the northern Canadian type be called R. minor var. borealis. We also present a survey of the seed morphological characters that serves to distinguish the two varieties.

scholarly journals Unravelling the hidden biodiversity – the establishment of DNA barcodes of fish-parasitizing Acanthocephala Koehlreuther, 1771 in view of taxonomic misidentifications, intraspecific variability and possible cryptic species

Parasitology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 147 (13) ◽  
pp. 1499-1508
Author(s):  
Susanne Reier ◽  
Helmut Sattmann ◽  
Thomas Schwaha ◽  
Hans-Peter Fuehrer ◽  
Elisabeth Haring
Keyword(s):  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Intraspecific Variability ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Dna Barcodes ◽  
Taxonomic Assignment ◽  
Obligate Parasites ◽  
Intraspecific Variations

AbstractAcanthocephalans are obligate parasites of vertebrates, mostly of fish. There is limited knowledge about the diversity of fish-parasitizing Acanthocephala in Austria. Seven determined species and an undetermined species are recorded for Austrian waters. Morphological identification of acanthocephalans remains challenging due to their sparse morphological characters and their high intraspecific variations. DNA barcoding is an effective tool for taxonomic assignment at the species level. In this study, we provide new DNA barcoding data for three genera of Acanthocephala (Pomphorhynchus Monticelli, 1905, Echinorhynchus Zoega in Müller, 1776 and Acanthocephalus Koelreuter, 1771) obtained from different fish species in Austria and provide an important contribution to acanthocephalan taxonomy and distribution in Austrian fish. Nevertheless, the taxonomic assignment of one species must remain open. We found indications for cryptic species within Echinorhynchus cinctulus Porta, 1905. Our study underlines the difficulties in processing reliable DNA barcodes and highlights the importance of the establishment of such DNA barcodes to overcome these. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to collect and compare material across Europe allowing a comprehensive revision of the phylum in Europe.

Taxonomic revision of the Colombian Tityus (Archaeotityus) (Scorpiones, Buthidae) species: a morphological and morphometric approach, with a description of a new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4660 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-94
Author(s):  
JAIRO A. MORENO-GONZÁLEZ ◽  
RANULFO GONZÁLEZ O. ◽  
EDUARDO FLÓREZ D.
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
New Records ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
A New Species

We present a taxonomic revision of the Colombian Tityus (Archaeotityus) species based on morphological and morphometric evidence. We examined more than 385 specimens and evaluated new and previously used qualitative and quantitative morphological characters. We redescribe the Colombian species and present morphological characters for both sexes and an emended diagnosis for the subgenus Tityus (Archaeotityus). We describe a new species Tityus guane sp. nov. from Santander department, Colombia, Tityus betschi Lourenço 1992 is synonymized with Tityus parvulus Kraepelin, 1914, and Tityus wayuu Rojas-Runjaic & Armas, 2007 is synonymized with Tityus tayrona Lourenço, 1991. We measured 186 specimens and performed a multivariate principal component analysis (PCA) for 34 selected morphometric ratios for each sex. We found that a few morphological ratios support species level distinctions within the Colombian species. We provide updated distributional maps with new records and an identification key for both sexes. Furthermore, we provide an updated checklist for the subgenus and a discussion about the character systems used within Tityus (Archaeotityus). The new morphological characters proposed and the traditional morphometry examined with a PCA are useful for studying Tityus (Archaeotityus) taxonomy.

A taxonomic revision of the Canthon subgenus Pseudepilissus Martínez, 1954 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 696-752
Author(s):  
Marcelli K. Vieira ◽  
Fernando Z. Vaz-de-Mello ◽  
Fernando A. B. Silva
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Incertae Sedis ◽  
Number Of Species

The subgenus Canthon (Pseudepilissus) Martínez, 1954 is revised. Four valid species are redescribed: Canthon (Pseudepilissus) muticus Harold, 1867; C. (P.) lunatus Schmidt, 1922; C. (P.) planus Lucas, 1857 and C. (P.) reichei Felsche, 1910. Three species assigned to other groups are transferred in the subgenus: C. (P.) quadratus Blanchard, 1843 [previously Canthon “incertae sedis”]; C. (P.) edentulus Harold, 1868 [previously Canthon “incertae sedis”] and C. (P.) seminulus Harold, 1867 comb. nov. [previously Vulcanocanthon]. The genus Vulcanocanthon Pereira & Martínez, 1960 syn. nov. is synonymized with Canthon (Pseudepilissus). Three subspecies are raised to species level: C. (P.) tibialis Schmidt, 1922 stat. nov. [previously C. (P.) lunatus tibialis]; C. (P.) granuliceps Felsche, 1910 stat. nov. [previously C. edentulus granuliceps] and C. (P.) hendrichsi Halffter & Martínez, 1968 stat. nov. [previously C. (P.) muticus hendrichsi]. C. (P.) honsi Balthasar, 1939 syn. nov. is synonymized with C. (P.) reichei Felsche, 1910. Four new species are described: Canthon (P.) arriagadai sp. nov., Canthon (P.) bonaerensis sp. nov., Canthon (P.) vidaurrei sp. nov. and Canthon (P.) ziggy sp. nov., bringing the number of species in the subgenus to 14. Lectotypes are designated for six species C. (P.) muticus Harold, 1867; C. (P.) reichei Felsche, 1910; C. (P.) planus Lucas, 1857; C. (P.) seminulus Harold, 1867; C. (P.) granuliceps Felsche, 1910 and C. (P.) quadratus Blanchard, 1843. A detailed literature review, synonymies, description, illustration of key morphological characters, data on the studied material and geographic distribution are provided for each species.

Systematics and biogeography of pygmy possums (Burramyidae : Cercartetus)

2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Osborne ◽  
L. Christidis
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Systematic Relationships ◽  
Nd2 Gene

Mitochondrial DNA sequences from the ND2 gene were used to investigate the systematic relationships within pygmy possums (Cercartetus) at the subspecies and species level. The phylogenetic relationships identified between Cercartetus species using partitioned ND2 sequences are in agreement with published morphological characters. C. caudatus was identified as the basal member of this assemblage, whilst C. nanus and C. concinnus are linked to the exclusion of C. lepidus. Molecular data identifies some inconsistencies in the assignment of subspecies within Cercartetus, suggesting that revision may be warranted.

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