Deepwater crabs from seamounts and chemosynthetic habitats off eastern New Zealand (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura)

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1708 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHANE T. AHYONG
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Cold Seep ◽  
Generic Level ◽  
West Pacific ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
First Time

Deepwater crabs from seamounts and chemosynthetic habitats off eastern New Zealand are reported. Of the 30 species reported, eight are new to science: Cymonomus clarki sp. nov. (Cymonomidae), Dicranodromia delli sp. nov. (Homolodromiidae), Ethusina castro sp. nov. and E. rowdeni sp. nov. (Dorippidae), Trichopeltarion janetae sp. nov. (Atelecyclidae), Mathildella mclayi (Mathildellidae), Neopilumnoplax nieli sp. nov. (Mathildellidae), and Garthambrus tani sp. nov. (Parthenopidae). The dorippids, parthenopids and mathidellids reported here are the first members of these families to be described from New Zealand. Three previously described species are recorded for the first time from New Zealand waters: Dicranodromia spinulata Guinot, 1995 (Homolodromiidae), Intesius richeri Crosnier & Ng, 2004 (Mathildellidae) and Miersiograpsus australiensis Türkay, 1978 (Plagusiidae). The majority of brachyurans from New Zealand seamounts and chemosynthetic habitats are ‘typical’ deepwater forms of which thirteen species are presently unique to New Zealand. At species level, 43% of the seamount and cold-seep brachyurans are apparent New Zealand endemics, with strongest affinities with the eastern Australian fauna (37%). At the generic level, however, congeners of most species reported herein occur widely in the Indo-West Pacific (including eastern Australia and New Caledonia), suggesting that the New Zealand seamount and cold-seep brachyuran fauna is an extension of the tropical Indo-West Pacific fauna. Thirty-three percent (10 of 30 species) of the known New Zealand seamount and cold-seep brachyurans have only been recently discovered indicating that species richness is probably strongly underestimated. A key to the Brachyura known from New Zealand seamounts and chemosynthetic habitats is given.

scholarly journals Pre-Gondwanan-breakup origin ofBeauprea(Proteaceae) explains its historical presence in New Caledonia and New Zealand

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. e1501648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianhua He ◽  
Byron B. Lamont ◽  
Bruno Fogliani
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Phylogenetic Relations ◽  
Southeastern Australia ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Extant Species ◽  
Historical Presence ◽  
Fossil Records ◽  
Transoceanic Dispersal

New Caledonia and New Zealand belong to the now largely submerged continent Zealandia. Their high levels of endemism and species richness are usually considered the result of transoceanic dispersal events followed by diversification after they re-emerged from the Pacific Ocean in the mid-Cenozoic. We explore the origin and evolutionary history ofBeauprea(Proteaceae), which is now endemic to New Caledonia but was once spread throughout eastern Gondwana, including New Zealand. We review the extensiveBeauprea-type pollen data in the fossil records and analyze the relationship of these fossil taxa to extant genera within Proteaceae. We further reconstruct the phylogenetic relations among nine extant species ofBeaupreaand estimate the age of theBeaupreaclade. By incorporating extinct taxa into theBeaupreaphylogenetic tree, we reconstruct the ancient distribution of this genus. Our analysis shows thatBeaupreaoriginated c. 88 Ma (million years ago) in Antarctica–Southeastern Australia and spread throughout Gondwana before its complete breakup. We propose thatBeauprea, already existing as two lineages, was carried with Zealandia when it separated from the rest of Gondwana c. 82 Ma, thus supporting an autochthonous origin forBeaupreaspecies now in New Caledonia and historically in New Zealand up to 1 Ma. We show that the presence ofBeaupreathrough transoceanic dispersal is implausible. This means that neither New Caledonia nor New Zealand has been entirely submerged since the Upper Cretaceous; thus, possible vicariance and allopatry must be taken into account when considering the high levels of endemism and species richness of these island groups.

A revision of Vittadinia A.Rich. (Compositae) together with reinstatement of Eurybiopsis DC. and description of a new geunus, Camptacra.

Brunonia ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
NT Burbidge
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
New Genus ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Single Species ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
New Subgenus ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Specific Rank

It is reported that Gaudichaud was correct in describing, under Brachycome Cass., three species, B. triloba, B. dentata and B. spathulata. Reference is made to the nomenclatural status of these species in accordance with the results of a revision of Brachycome by Davis (1948). De Candolle erred in transferring the species to Vittadinia A. Rich, for which the New Zealand V. australis is the type. Reasons are given for regarding V. triloba (Gaudich.) DC. as synonymous with V. australis var. dissecta Benth., and the variety is raised to specific rank. Included with V. australis and V. dissecta in Vittadinia s. str. (i.e. in Vittadinia subgenus Vittadinia) are V. cuneata DC. (a name which can be applied to a complex group of taxa widespread in southern and eastern Australia) and a further 17 species of which the following are new: V. cervicularis (with four varieties), V. constricta, V. condyloides, V. decora, V. eremaea, V. humerata, V. nullarborensis, V. pustulata, V. simulans and V. sulcata, while V. gracilis (J. D. Hook.) N. Burbidge and V. australasica (Turcz.) N. Burbidge are new combinations. V. scabra DC. and a group of taxa which have been referred to it or, incorrectly, to V. macrorhiza (DC.) A. Gray have been placed in a new subgenus of Vittadinia under the name Peripleura. Within this subgenus nine species are recognized: V. scabra DC., V, hispidula F. Muell. ex A. Gray (with two varieties), and the new species V. arida, V. bicolor, V. diffusa, V. obovata, V. sericea, V. spechtii (with two varieties) and V. virgata. With the exception of V. australis which is endemic to New Zealand and V. simulans, a New Caledonian species, all are endemic to Australia; however, V. hispidula has been reported for New Caledonia where it is deemed to be an alien and V. gracilis and possibly V. muelleri appear to have become naturalized in New Zealand. V. brachycomoides (F. Muell.) Benth. becomes the type of a new genus, Camptacra, with two species, both distributed in northern and north-eastern Australia. Eurybiopsis DC. is reinstated, with its single species, E. macrorhiza DC., found only in northern Australia.

Phylogeny and biogeography of the Australasian centipede Henicops (Chilopoda: Lithobiomorpha): A combined morphological and molecular approach

2006 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald Colgan ◽  
Gregory Edgecombe ◽  
Deirdre Sharkey
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Southeastern Australia ◽  
Lord Howe Island ◽  
Eastern Australia

AbstractThe lithobiomorph centipede Henicops is widely distributed in Australia and New Zealand, with five described species, as well as two species in New Caledonia and Lord Howe Island. Parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses of ca. 800 aligned bases of sequence data from 16S rRNA and 28S rRNA were conducted on a dataset including multiple individuals of Henicops species from populations sampled from different parts of species' geographic ranges, together with the allied henicopines Lamyctes and Easonobius. Morphological characters are included in parsimony analyses. Molecular and combined datasets unite species from eastern Australia and New Zealand to the exclusion of species from Western Australia, New Caledonia and Lord Howe Island. The molecular data favour these two geographic groupings as clades, whereas inclusion of morphology resolves New Caledonia, Lord Howe Island, southwest Western Australia and Queensland as successive sisters to southeastern Australia and New Zealand. The basal position of the Lord Howe Island species in the phylogeny favours a diversification of Australasian Henicops since the late Miocene unless the Lord Howe species originated in a biota that pre-dates the island. The molecular and combined data resolve the widespread morphospecies H. maculatus as paraphyletic, with its populations contributing to the geographic groupings New South Wales + New Zealand and Tasmania + Victoria.

Species diversity and genetic differentiation of stygofauna (Syncarida:Bathynellacea) across an alluvial aquifer in north-eastern Australia

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 152 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. D. Cook ◽  
K. M. Abrams ◽  
J. Marshall ◽  
C. N. Perna ◽  
S. Choy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Alluvial Aquifer ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Generic Level ◽  
Alluvial Aquifers ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
North Eastern

Recent research suggests that alluvial aquifers in southern and eastern Australia may contain a diverse subterranean aquatic fauna (i.e. stygofauna). However, to date only a limited number of alluvial aquifers have been studied and little molecular data are available to assess species-level diversity and spatial patterns of genetic variation within stygofaunal species. In this paper, we present the initial results of a stygofaunal survey of the Burdekin River alluvial aquifer in Queensland, extending the northern range of alluvial aquifers along the east coast of Australia that have been investigated. The survey resulted in the collection of bathynellid stygofauna (Syncarida: Bathynellacea) and genetic analyses were conducted to determine species level diversity using the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. We further investigated the phylogenetic relationships of the species with bathynellids from western and southern Australia to assess the generic status of species. Four highly divergent COI lineages within the Parabathynellidae and one lineage within the Bathynellidae were found. These lineages did not group within any described genera, and phylogenetic analyses indicated that both local radiations and the retention of a lineage that was more apical in the genealogy account for the diversity within the Parabathynellidae in the Burdekin River alluvial aquifer. Most COI lineages were sampled from only a single bore, although one taxon within the Parabathynellidae was found to be more widespread in the aquifer. Haplotypes within this taxon were not shared among bores (ΦST = 0.603, P < 0.001). Overall, the high species diversity for bathynellaceans from an alluvial aquifer reported here, and surveys of bathynellaceans in several other alluvial systems in south-eastern Australia, suggests that groundwater ecosystems of eastern Australia may contain high stygofaunal diversity by Australian and world standards, particularly at the generic level for parabathynellids.

Smoke stimulates germination in two divergent Gondwanan species (Hibbertiapancheri and Scaevola montana) endemic to the biodiversity hotspot of New Caledonia

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrien S. Wulff ◽  
Shane R. Turner ◽  
Bruno Fogliani ◽  
Laurent L'Huillier
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Geological History ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
Germination Response ◽  
First Time ◽  
Smoke Water

AbstractDue to shared geological history and proximity, the flora of New Caledonia is closely linked to other Gondwanan land fragments such as Australia and New Zealand. Many predominant Australian groups are well represented within the New Caledonian flora, including the genera Hibbertia (23 species) and Scaevola (10 species). Previous studies have found that these two genera in particular have a marked positive germination response to smoke products, although all previous studies have centred on Australian species from fire-prone environments. In this present study, we test the hypothesis that two New Caledonian species of Hibbertia and Scaevola are smoke responsive even though the climate and ecological drivers in New Caledonia are in many respects fundamentally different from those of most of Australia. Preliminary results showed that germination of Hibbertia pancheri was significantly accelerated in response to smoke water while germination in Scaevola montana was also significantly enhanced. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that these trends have been illustrated for any New Caledonian species and these results will enhance restoration efforts of ultramafic scrublands impacted by mining activities in New Caledonia.

scholarly journals Stratigraphic development and petroleum prospectivity of northern Zealandia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Zelia Dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Source Rock ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Source Rocks ◽  
Reservoir Rock ◽  
Seismic Unit ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Basin Floor

<p>Northern Zealandia lies between Australia, New Zealandia, and New Caledonia. It has an area of 3,000,000 km2 and is made up of bathymetric rises and troughs with typical water depths of 1000 to 4000 m. I use 39,309 line km of seismic-reflection profiles tied to recent International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) drilling and three boreholes near the coast of New Zealand to investigate stratigraphic architecture and assess the petroleum prospectivity of northern Zealandia.  Sparse sampling requires that stratigraphic and petroleum prospectivity inferences are drawn from better-known basins in New Zealand, Australia, New Caledonia, TimorLeste and Papua New Guinea. Five existing seismic-stratigraphic units are reviewed. Zealandia Seismic Unit U3 is sampled near New Zealand and may contain Jurassic Muhiriku Group coals. Elsewhere, Seismic Unit 3 may have oil-prone equivalents of the Jurassic Walloon Coal Measure in eastern Australia; or may contain Triassic-Jurassic marine source rocks, as found in offshore Bonaparte Basin, onshore Timor-Leste, and the Papuan Basin in Papua New Guinea. Seismic Unit U2b (Mid-Cretaceous) is syn-rift and may contain coal measures, as found in Taranaki-Aotea Basin and New Caledonia. Seismic Unit U2a (Late Cretaceous to Eocene) contains coaly source rocks in the southeastern part of the study area, and may also contain marine equivalent carbonaceous mudstone, as found at Site IODP U1509. Unit U2a is transgressive, with coaly source rocks and reservoir sandstones near its base, and clay, marl and chalk above that provides a regional seal. Seismic Unit U1b (Eocene-Oligocene) is mass-transport complexes and basin floor fans related to a brief phase of convergent deformation that created folds in the southern part of the study area and regionally uplifted ridges to create new sediment source areas. Basin floor fans may contain reservoir rock and Eocene folding created structural traps. Seismic Unit U1a is Oligocene and Neogene chalk, calcareous ooze, and marl that represents overburden. Mass accumulation rates (MAR) and climatic temperatures were high in the late Miocene and early Pliocene, resulting in peak thermal maturity and hydrocarbon expulsion at ~ 3 Ma.  Approximately one-fifth of the region has adequate source rock maturity for petroleum expulsion at the base of Seismic Unit U2: Fairway Basin (FWAY), southern New Caledonia Trough (NCTS) and Reinga Basin (REIN). Plays may exist in either Seismic Unit U3 or U2, with many plausible reservoir-seal combinations, and several possible trapping mechanisms: unconformities, normal faults, folds, or stratigraphic pinch-out. The rest of the region could be prospective, but requires a source rock to exist within Seismic Unit U3, which is mostly unsampled and remains poorly understood.</p>

Systematics and host relationships of Australasian Diolcogaster (Hymenoptera : Braconidae : Microgastrinae)

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 117 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Saeed ◽  
P. C. Dangerfield ◽  
A. D. Austin
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Key To Species ◽  
The World ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Host Relationships ◽  
Braconid Wasp ◽  
First Time ◽  
Australasian Region ◽  
World Fauna

The braconid wasp genus Diolcogaster Ashmead is revised for the Australasian region, and is recorded from New Zealand and New Caledonia for the first time. A key to species is presented, the relationships within the Microgastrinae and among species-groups of the genus, the size of the world fauna, the biology and host relationships, and the distribution of Australasian species are discussed. The connexus-group sensu Nixon is expanded and redefined to include two monotypic, non-Australasian groups (D. ippis Nixon and D. reales Nixon), while the spretus-group sensu Nixon is expanded to include the monotypic group for D. coenonymphae (Watanabe) from Japan. Twenty-six species are recognised from Australasia:D. adiastola, sp. nov., D. alkingara, sp. nov., D. ashmeadi, sp. nov., D. dichromus, sp. nov., D. eclectes (Nixon), D. euterpus (Nixon), D. hadrommatus, sp. nov., D. harrisi, sp. nov., D. iqbali, sp. nov., D. lucindae, sp. nov., D. masoni, sp. nov., D. merata, sp. nov., D. muzaffari, sp. nov., D. naumanni, sp. nov., D. newguineaensis, sp. nov., D. nixoni, sp. nov., D. notopecktos, sp. nov., D. perniciosus(Wilkinson), D. rixosus (Wilkinson), D. robertsi, sp. nov., D. sons (Wilkinson), D. tearae (Wilkinson), D. tropicalus, sp. nov., D. vulpinus (Wilkinson), D. walkerae, sp. nov. and D. yousufi, sp. nov.

Stratigraphic development and petroleum prospectivity of northern Zealandia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Zelia Dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Source Rock ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Source Rocks ◽  
Reservoir Rock ◽  
Seismic Unit ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Basin Floor

<p>Northern Zealandia lies between Australia, New Zealandia, and New Caledonia. It has an area of 3,000,000 km2 and is made up of bathymetric rises and troughs with typical water depths of 1000 to 4000 m. I use 39,309 line km of seismic-reflection profiles tied to recent International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) drilling and three boreholes near the coast of New Zealand to investigate stratigraphic architecture and assess the petroleum prospectivity of northern Zealandia.  Sparse sampling requires that stratigraphic and petroleum prospectivity inferences are drawn from better-known basins in New Zealand, Australia, New Caledonia, TimorLeste and Papua New Guinea. Five existing seismic-stratigraphic units are reviewed. Zealandia Seismic Unit U3 is sampled near New Zealand and may contain Jurassic Muhiriku Group coals. Elsewhere, Seismic Unit 3 may have oil-prone equivalents of the Jurassic Walloon Coal Measure in eastern Australia; or may contain Triassic-Jurassic marine source rocks, as found in offshore Bonaparte Basin, onshore Timor-Leste, and the Papuan Basin in Papua New Guinea. Seismic Unit U2b (Mid-Cretaceous) is syn-rift and may contain coal measures, as found in Taranaki-Aotea Basin and New Caledonia. Seismic Unit U2a (Late Cretaceous to Eocene) contains coaly source rocks in the southeastern part of the study area, and may also contain marine equivalent carbonaceous mudstone, as found at Site IODP U1509. Unit U2a is transgressive, with coaly source rocks and reservoir sandstones near its base, and clay, marl and chalk above that provides a regional seal. Seismic Unit U1b (Eocene-Oligocene) is mass-transport complexes and basin floor fans related to a brief phase of convergent deformation that created folds in the southern part of the study area and regionally uplifted ridges to create new sediment source areas. Basin floor fans may contain reservoir rock and Eocene folding created structural traps. Seismic Unit U1a is Oligocene and Neogene chalk, calcareous ooze, and marl that represents overburden. Mass accumulation rates (MAR) and climatic temperatures were high in the late Miocene and early Pliocene, resulting in peak thermal maturity and hydrocarbon expulsion at ~ 3 Ma.  Approximately one-fifth of the region has adequate source rock maturity for petroleum expulsion at the base of Seismic Unit U2: Fairway Basin (FWAY), southern New Caledonia Trough (NCTS) and Reinga Basin (REIN). Plays may exist in either Seismic Unit U3 or U2, with many plausible reservoir-seal combinations, and several possible trapping mechanisms: unconformities, normal faults, folds, or stratigraphic pinch-out. The rest of the region could be prospective, but requires a source rock to exist within Seismic Unit U3, which is mostly unsampled and remains poorly understood.</p>

Eledonine octopods from the Southern Ocean: systematics and distribution

1994 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsunemi Kubodera ◽  
Takashi Okutani
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Species Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
Single Row ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Male Reproductive Organs ◽  
First Time

Fortyfour octopods from bottom trawls off Palmer Archipelago, south-eastern Argentina, south-eastern New Zealand, Crozet Islands and Showa Station were examined. Three species of Pareledone, three species of Graneledone and one species of Megaleledone were identified. All were characterized by having a single row of arm suckers. Mature males of P. harrissoni, P. adelieana and G. macrotyla were recorded for the first time. Hectocotylus and male reproductive organs of these species are described. On the basis of previously reported distributions and the present localities, P. charcoti, P. harrissoni and P. adelieana appear to have circumantarctic distributions. G. macrotyla was identified but the other two species of Graneledone could not be identified to species level because of the poor systematic state of this genus.

Systematics of the Australasian spider family Pararchaeidae (Arachnida:Araneae)

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael G. Rix
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Mating Behaviour ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
History Information ◽  
First Time

The Pararchaeidae, a family of cryptic spiders known only from Australia and New Zealand, is revised. Six new genera: Anarchaea, gen. nov., Flavarchaea, gen. nov., Forstrarchaea, gen. nov., Nanarchaea, gen. nov., Ozarchaea, gen. nov., Westrarchaea, gen. nov., and 24 new species are described, 23 from mainland Australia and one from New Zealand. Anarchaea, gen. nov. from eastern Australia contains four species: A. corticola (Hickman, 1969), comb. nov. (type species), A. falcata, sp. nov., A. raveni, sp. nov. and A. robusta (Rix, 2005), comb. nov. Flavarchaea from eastern, southern and south-western Australia contains seven species: F. anzac, sp. nov., F. badja, sp. nov., F. barmah, sp. nov., F. hickmani (Rix, 2005), comb. nov., F. lofty, sp. nov., F. lulu (Rix, 2005), comb. nov. (type species) and F. stirlingensis, sp. nov. Forstrarchaea is represented only by the type species F. rubra (Forster, 1949), comb. nov. from New Zealand. Nanarchaea from eastern Australia contains two species: N. bryophila (Hickman, 1969), comb. nov. and N. binnaburra (Forster, 1955), comb. nov. (type species). Ozarchaea from Australia and New Zealand contains 16 species: O. bodalla, sp. nov., O. bondi, sp. nov., O. daviesae, sp. nov., O. forsteri, sp. nov., O. harveyi, sp. nov., O. janineae, sp. nov., O. ornata (Hickman, 1969), comb. nov. (type species), O. platnicki, sp. nov., O. saxicola (Hickman, 1969), comb. nov., O. spurgeon, sp. nov., O. stradbroke, sp. nov., O. valida, sp. nov., O. waldockae, sp. nov., O. werrikimbe, sp. nov., O. westraliensis, sp. nov. and O. wiangarie, sp. nov. Pararchaea Forster, 1955 is represented only by the type species P. alba Forster, 1955 from New Zealand. Westrarchaea, endemic to south-western Western Australia, contains three species: W. pusilla, sp. nov., W. sinuosa, sp. nov. (type species) and W. spinosa, sp. nov. A morphological cladistic analysis of the Pararchaeidae supported monophyly of the genera. Natural history information is summarised for each species where known, and the moulting behaviour, mating behaviour and egg sac of a pararchaeid species are described for the first time.

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