Accessing cryptic diversity in Neotropical rattlesnakes (Serpentes: Viperidae: Crotalus) with the description of two new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4729 (4) ◽  
pp. 451-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
RUBÉN ALONSO CARBAJAL-MÁRQUEZ ◽  
JOSÉ ROGELIO CEDEÑO-VÁZQUEZ ◽  
ARELY MARTÍNEZ-ARCE ◽  
EDGAR NERI-CASTRO ◽  
SALIMA C. MACHKOUR- M’RABET
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Tropical Deciduous Forest ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Crotalus Durissus

Members of the Crotalus durissus species complex are widely distributed from Mexico to Argentina in areas with mainly seasonally dry tropical deciduous forest. Although four species (C. culminatus, C. durissus, C. simus and C. tzabcan) are currently recognized, species limits remain to be tested. Previous genetic studies suggest that C. durissus and C. simus may be paraphyletic and that at least one cryptic species may be present. We analyzed 2596 bp of DNA sequence data from three mitochondrial and one nuclear gene to infer phylogenetic relationships in the Neotropical rattlesnakes. We also examined museum and wild specimens as well as captive animals to analyze morphological characters. Our results suggest that the current taxonomy of the Crotalus durissus species complex does not reflect evolutionary history. We found strong support for five independent lineages within Crotalus simus (sensu lato), with genetic and morphological evidence for three previously recognized taxa and two new species, as well as three major lineages within C. durissus that each represent species hypothesis to be tested with additional evidence. We also found support to retain C. totonacus in the Crotalus molossus species complex. We suggest conservative taxonomic changes to the complex and related species, but more evidence is needed (e.g., morphology, ecology and venom composition) to clarify relationships among species. 

Two new species of Myxomycetes from a tropical deciduous forest of Mexico

Mycologia ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 744-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arturo Estrada-Torres ◽  
Carlos Lado ◽  
Mercedes Rodríguez-Palma
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Tropical Deciduous Forest ◽  
Two New Species

Two new species of nopal (Opuntia, Cactaceae) from the Baja California Peninsula (Mexico)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 508 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
FERMÍN MERCADO MUÑOZ ◽  
JOSÉ LUIS LEÓN DE LA LUZ ◽  
JON P. REBMAN ◽  
ALFONSO MEDEL NARVÁEZ ◽  
RAFAEL CAMPOS RAMOS
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Plant Community ◽  
Baja California ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Baja California Peninsula ◽  
Tropical Deciduous Forest ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Opuntia Species ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Prickly Pears

Two new species of prickly-pear/nopal (Opuntia sierralagunensis and O. caboensis, Cactaceae) are described and illustrated here; both occur in the tropical deciduous forest plant community found in the Cape region of the Baja California Peninsula, Mexico. Previously, these two species had been overlooked and were considered extreme forms of species described from the Sierra de La Giganta (e.g., O. comonduensis, O tapona), located hundreds of kilometers away. However, with an improved collection of specimens and field knowledge of the Opuntia species in the region, we have determined that these prickly-pears are new to science and are restricted to the Cape region. We provide justification to separate them from sympatric congeners and other similar species in the southern peninsula.

Two New Species of Myxomycetes from a Tropical Deciduous Forest of Mexico

Mycologia ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arturo Estrada-Torres ◽  
Carlos Lado ◽  
Mercedes Rodriguez-Palma
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Tropical Deciduous Forest ◽  
Two New Species

Two new species of Sabellariidae (Annelida, Polychaeta) from the abyss of eastern Australia

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4821 (3) ◽  
pp. 487-510
Author(s):  
JINGHUAI ZHANG ◽  
PAT HUTCHINGS ◽  
INGO BURGHARDT ◽  
ELENA KUPRIYANOVA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Benthic Communities ◽  
First Record ◽  
Thoracic Segment ◽  
Distal Margin ◽  
Planktonic Larva ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Buccal Flap

In May–June 2017 an expedition on board RV ‘Investigator’ sampled benthic communities along the lower slope and abyss of eastern Australia from off Tasmania to the Coral Sea. Over 200 sabellariid specimens of the genera Phalacrostemma and Gesaia were collected during the voyage and deposited in the Australian Museum. Here we describe two new species Gesaia csiro n. sp. (4414–4436 m) and Phalacrostemma timoharai n. sp. (1013–1093 m). We did not formally describe another species of Phalacrostemma due to poor condition of the single specimen. Gesaia csiro n. sp. is the first record of the genus from Australian waters (only a planktonic larva attributed to the genus has previously been recorded), and it can be distinguished from other congeners by the smooth surface of inner paleae, distal thecae of outer paleae with long, irregular and expanded distal fringe and circled distal margin. Phalacrostemma timoharai n. sp. differs from congeners by the following combination of characters: presence of the buccal flap, absence of tentacular filament, 18–22 pairs of outer paleae, two pairs of neuropodial cirri on first thoracic segment, and only one pair of lateral lobes on second thoracic segment. Morphological descriptions are accompanied by mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) and ribosomal (16S, 18S and 28S) sequence data. A key to all Australian species of sabellariids is given.

Two new species of Margyricarpus (Rosaceae, Sanguisorbeae) from high-elevation grasslands in southern Brazil, and other notes on the genus Margyricarpus

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 496 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-293
Author(s):  
LUÍS A. FUNEZ ◽  
GUSTAVO HASSEMER ◽  
NIVALDO PERONI ◽  
ELISANDRO R. DRECHSLER-SANTOS
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Natural Grasslands ◽  
Two New Species

Margyricarpus pinnatus is a poorly understood entity from natural grasslands of South America that it better considered as a species complex. In this work we contribute to the advancement of the taxonomic knowledge of this challenging species complex by describing two new species of Margyricarpus from southern Brazil. We present field photographs, illustrations, a distribution map and ecologic and conservation notes on the new species.

Combined multi-gene backbone tree for the genus Coniochaeta with two new species from Uzbekistan

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 336 (1) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
MILAN C. SAMARAKOON ◽  
YUSUFJON GAFFOROV ◽  
NINGGUO LIU ◽  
SAJEEWA S. N. MAHARACHCHIKUMBURA ◽  
JAYARAMA D. BHAT ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Species Recognition ◽  
Phylogenetic Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Genealogical Concordance ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Backbone Tree

The genus Coniochaeta is an important ascomycete because its members live in diversified habitats and nutritional modes. In this study, two new species, C. acaciae and C. coluteae, are introduced from dead branches of Acacia sp. and Colutea paulsenii Freyn (both Fabaceae) respectively from Uzbekistan, based on morphological and phylogenetic studies. Analyses of combined ITS and LSU sequence data with Genealogical Concordance Phylogenetic Species Recognition (GCPSR) and comparison of similar taxa, provide evidences for placement of these new species in Coniochaeta, as distinct lineages.

Mimaporia, a new genus of Epicopeiidae (Lepidoptera), with description of a new species from Vietnam

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4254 (5) ◽  
pp. 537 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHIA-HSUAN WEI ◽  
SHEN-HORN YEN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
The Family ◽  
A New Species

The Epicopeiidae is a small geometroid family distributed in the East Palaearctic and Oriental regions. It exhibits high morphological diversity in body size and wing shape, while their wing patterns involve in various complex mimicry rings. In the present study, we attempted to describe a new genus, and a new species from Vietnam, with comments on two assumed congeneric novel species from China and India. To address its phylogenetic affinity, we reconstructed the phylogeny of the family by using sequence data of COI, EF-1α, and 28S gene regions obtained from seven genera of Epicopeiidae with Pseudobiston pinratanai as the outgroup. We also compared the morphology of the new taxon to other epicopeiid genera to affirm its taxonomic status. The results suggest that the undescribed taxon deserve a new genus, namely Mimaporia gen. n. The species from Vietnam, Mimaporia hmong sp. n., is described as new to science. Under different tree building strategies, the new genus is the sister group of either Chatamla Moore, 1881 or Parabraxas Leech, 1897. The morphological evidence, which was not included in phylogenetic analyses, however, suggests its potential affinity with Burmeia Minet, 2003. This study also provides the first, although preliminary, molecular phylogeny of the family on which the revised systematics and interpretation of character evolution can be based. 

scholarly journals Two new species of nasal mites of the genus Ptilonyssus (Rhinonyssidae) from sparrows from the Leningrad province, Russia

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 167 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. DIMOV ◽  
S. MIRONOV
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Passer Domesticus ◽  
Passer Montanus ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Leningrad Province

Two new nasal mites of the genus Ptilonyssus Berlese and Trouessart, 1889 are described from sparrows of the genus Passer (Passeriformes: Ploceidae) found in the Leningrad province, Russia: Ptilonyssus degtiarevae, n. sp. from Passer domesticus (L.) and Ptilonyssus lovottiae n. sp. from Passer montanus (L.). Ptilonyssus degtiarevae, n. sp. belongs to the newly established orthonychus species complex, and Ptilonyssus lovottiae n. sp. is referred to the hirsti species complex. The species content of the hirsti complex0, originally defined by Fain and Bafort 1963 is enlarged comparing to the concept of previous researchers.

scholarly journals Plantago campestris (Plantaginaceae), a rare new species from southern Brazil, supported by phylogenomic and morphological evidence

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11848
Author(s):  
Gustavo Hassemer ◽  
Elliot M. Gardner ◽  
Nina Rønsted
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Iucn Criteria

High-throughput sequencing, when combined with taxonomic expertise, is a powerful tool to refine and advance taxonomic classification, including at the species level. In the present work, a new species, Plantago campestris, is described out of the P. commersoniana species complex, based on phylogenomic and morphological evidence. The main morphological characters that distinguish the new species from P. commersoniana are the glabrous posterior sepals and the slightly broader leaves. The new species is known from only three localities, all in natural high-elevation grasslands in Paraná and Santa Catarina states, southern Brazil. According to the IUCN criteria new species should be assessed as Endangered (EN). We present field photographs of P. campestris and related species, and we provide an identification key to the species previously included within the circumscription of P. commersoniana.

Introducing Dictyochaeta aquatica sp. nov. and two new species of Chloridium (Chaetosphaeriaceae, Sordariomycetes) from aquatic habitats

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 362 (2) ◽  
pp. 187 ◽  
Author(s):  
MING-JIE WEI ◽  
HUANG ZHANG ◽  
WEI DONG ◽  
SARANYAPHAT BOONMEE ◽  
DI ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationship ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Conidiogenous Cell ◽  
Its Sequence ◽  
Freshwater Fungi ◽  
Aquatic Habitats ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Freshwater Habitats

During our ongoing investigations of freshwater fungi in Thailand, three new chaetosphaeriaceous species, Chloridium aquaticum, Chloridium aseptatum and Dictyochaeta aquatica, were found on submerged wood in freshwater habitats. To determine their placement, a phylogenetic analysis of combined LSU and ITS sequence data was performed. Chloridium aquaticum is the only species having proliferating conidiophores and holoblastic conidiogenous cell in Chloridium. A detailed description and illustrations of the taxa is provided and phylogenetic relationship between the new taxa and their relatives are compared and discussed.

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