<p><strong>Molecular data provide new insights into the phylogeny of Cladonotinae (Orthoptera: Tetrigoidea) from China with the description of a new genus and species</strong></p>

Considerable effort has been devoted to elucidating the phylogenetic relationships of tetrigides. However, there is still no commonly accepted phylogenetic hypothesis. Therefore, the phylogenetic relationships among some subfamilies remain unclear; e.g., Cladonotinae is a controversial group, in which the phylogenetic relationships between genera and the boundaries of some of the included genera are unclear, causing some of the taxa to be difficult to identify. Therefore, an in-depth phylogenetic analysis of Cladonotinae is urgently needed. In this study, a robust phylogenetic framework for the tetrigides was reconstructed based on the combined mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI), 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA), and nuclear 18S ribosomal RNA (18S rRNA) gene sequences of 25 species belonging to 16 genera of Tetrigoidea from China, which included 13 species from 8 genera of Cladonotinae. Phylogenetic inferences were performed using the combined dataset and Bayesian inference (BI) and Maximum Parsimony (MP) methods, and the phylogenetic tree of Cladonotinae was reconstructed. All inferences based on the results of the present study supported the Cladonotinae subfamily as a polyphyletic group; within the Cladonotinae subfamily, Tetradinodula, and Tuberfemurus were closely related to Tetriginae, while Austrohancockia and Gibbotettix showed a close relationship to the Scelimenidae subfamily. Additionally, a new genus and new species of the Cladonotinae subfamily are described and illustrated: Hainantettix Deng, gen. nov. and Hainantettix strictivertex Deng, sp. nov.

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An ITS-based phylogenetic framework for the genus Vorticella : finding the molecular and morphological gaps in a taxonomically difficult group

Proceedings of The Royal Society B Biological Sciences ◽

10.1098/rspb.2013.1177 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 280 (1771) ◽

pp. 20131177 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Ping Sun ◽

John C. Clamp ◽

Dapeng Xu ◽

Bangqin Huang ◽

Mann Kyoon Shin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ribosomal Rna ◽

Phylogenetic Relationships ◽

Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽

Small Subunit ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Ssu Rrna ◽

Branching Order ◽

Close Relationship ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic ◽

Phylogenetic Framework

Vorticella includes more than 100 currently recognized species and represents one of the most taxonomically challenging genera of ciliates. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of Vorticella has been performed so far with only sequences coding for small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA); only a few of its species have been investigated using other genetic markers owing to a lack of similar sequences for comparison. Consequently, phylogenetic relationships within the genus remain unclear, and molecular discrimination between morphospecies is often difficult because most regions of the SSU rRNA gene are too highly conserved to be helpful. In this paper, we move molecular systematics for this group of ciliates to the infrageneric level by sequencing additional molecular markers—fast-evolving internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions—in a broad sample of 66 individual samples of 28 morphospecies of Vorticella collected from Asia, North America and Europe. Our phylogenies all featured two strongly supported, highly divergent, paraphyletic clades (I, II) comprising the morphologically defined genus Vorticella . Three major lineages made up clade I, with a relatively well-resolved branching order in each one. The marked divergence of clade II from clade I confirms that the former should be recognized as a separate taxonomic unit as indicated by SSU rRNA phylogenies. We made the first attempt to elucidate relationships between species in clade II using both morphological and multi-gene approaches, and our data supported a close relationship between some morphospecies of Vorticella and Opisthonecta , indicating that relationships between species in the clade are far more complex than would be expected from their morphology. Different patterns of helix III of ITS2 secondary structure were clearly specific to clades and subclades of Vorticella and, therefore, may prove useful for resolving phylogenetic relationships in other groups of ciliates.

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Molecular evidence for a polyphyletic genus Japonia (Architaenioglossa: Cyclophoridae) and with the description of a new genus and two new species

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.1792.1.2 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 1792 (1) ◽

pp. 22 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

YEN-CHEN LEE ◽

KUANG-YANG LUE ◽

WEN-LUNG WU

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Trees ◽

New Genus ◽

Morphological Diversity ◽

Molecular Evidence ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit ◽

The Family ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic ◽

Mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase ◽

The 16S Rrna Gene

Cyclophoridae is the dominant family of operculated terrestrial snails in East Asia. The group consists of four subfamilies and approximately 300 species that are currently classified into 34 genera. The species occupy various habitatsand show a high morphological diversity. The molecular phylogenetic relationships of this group have not previously been discussed. In order to uncover the relationships within the family, we sequenced parts of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) and of the 16S rRNA gene from 32 species of 10 genera of cyclophorid and established the phylogenetic tree using neighbor joining, Bayesian and maximum likelihood analyses to construct phylogenetic trees. The results based on mtDNA sequences suggest that the genera Cyclophorus, Cyclotus, Leptopoma, and Cyathopoma are monophyletic while the traditional genus Japonia appeared polyphyletic and then J. zebra should be moved to the new genus Pilosphaera. In addition, Pilosphaera yentoensis n. sp. and Japonia boonkioensis n. sp. are described in this paper.

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Taxonomy and Molecular Phylogeny of Three Species of Scuticociliates From China: Citrithrix smalli gen. nov., sp. nov., Homalogastra binucleata sp. nov. and Uronema orientalis Pan et al., 2015 (Protozoa, Ciliophora, Oligohymenophorea), With the Proposal of a New Family, Citrithrixidae fam. nov.

Frontiers in Marine Science ◽

10.3389/fmars.2020.604704 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

Author(s):

Mingjian Liu ◽

Chundi Wang ◽

Xiaozhong Hu ◽

Zhishuai Qu ◽

Limin Jiang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ribosomal Rna ◽

New Genus ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Small Subunit ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Compact Structure ◽

New Family ◽

Protozoa Ciliophora ◽

Type Population ◽

Morphological And Molecular Data

The morphology and taxonomy of three scuticociliates found in China, viz. Citrithrix smalli sp. nov., Homalogastra binucleata sp. nov., and Uronema orientalis Pan et al., 2015, were investigated. The small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene of these species, and the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene of Uronema orientalis, were sequenced and compared with those of related taxa to determine their systematic positions. The new monotypic genus Citrithrix gen. nov. is characterized by its lemon-shaped body, posteriorly located cytostome, dominant oral groove, and the compact structure of its multi-rowed membranelles 1 and 2 (M1, M2). Based on both morphological and molecular data, this new genus cannot be assigned to any known family and thus, a new family, Citrithrixidae fam. nov., is proposed within the order Philasterida. Homalogastra binucleata sp. nov., a brackish water form (salinity 2‰), differs from all congeners in having two macronuclear nodules. Uronema orientalis closely resembles the type population in all respects other than having fewer somatic kineties.This article is registered in ZooBank under: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:5727F18E-5421-446D-B22C-774783539FE4.

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Two Hexapleomera species from Japan, with a new species description and discussion of phylogenetic relationships within Hexapleomera (Crustacea: Tanaidacea)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4648.2.7 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4648 (2) ◽

pp. 318-336

Author(s):

YUKI TANABE ◽

KEIICHI KAKUI

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Phylogenetic Relationships ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Plumose Seta ◽

18S Rrna Gene ◽

Coi Gene ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Outer Lobe ◽

New Species Description ◽

A New Species

We describe Hexapleomera sasuke sp. nov. and provide a supplemental redescription of Hexapleomera urashima Tanabe et al., both of which are based on specimens collected in Japan. Hexapleomera sasuke closely resembles H. urashima, sharing a uropod with four articles, maxillipedal endites with two tiny dorso-subdistal and two distal spiniform setae, a labium with the palp fused to the outer lobe, and the pereopod-1 propodus with an inner subdistal plumose seta. The new species differs from H. urashima in having the basal article of pleopod 3 with three outer plumose setae, the chelipedal carpus with three or four dorsodistal simple setae, the region between the bases of the chelipedal dactylus and fixed finger with three or four simple setae, and deeply pigmented pleopodal rami. We determined partial sequences of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene (655 nt) from H. sasuke, which proved to be 15.0–15.3% divergent from H. urashima in Kimura 2-parameter (K2P) distance; also in partial sequences of 18S rRNA gene (1888 nt after alignment), 0.8% divergent (K2P distance) was detected between two species. Based on morphology and molecular data, we discuss phylogenetic relationships within Hexapleomera, and propose two morphologically distinct groups, the robusta group and the wombat group.

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PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS OF THE FRESHWATER ALGA BOLDIA ERYTHROSIPHON (COMPSOPOGONALES, RHODOPHYTA) BASED ON 18S rRNA GENE SEQUENCES

Journal of Phycology ◽

10.1046/j.1529-8817.1998.340555.x ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

pp. 555-557 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Raymond W. Holton ◽

Stella A. Boele-Bos ◽

Wytze T. Stam

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Relationships ◽

18S Rrna ◽

18S Rrna Gene ◽

Freshwater Alga ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Gene Sequences

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Leptochlorella corticola gen. et sp. nov. and Kalinella apyrenoidosa sp. nov.: two novel Chlorella-like green microalgae (Trebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyta) from subaerial habitats

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY ◽

10.1099/ijs.0.047944-0 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 63 (Pt_1) ◽

pp. 377-387 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Jiří Neustupa ◽

Yvonne Němcová ◽

Jana Veselá ◽

Jana Steinová ◽

Pavel Škaloud

Keyword(s):

18S Rrna ◽

New Genus ◽

Gene Sequence ◽

Novel Species ◽

Algal Species ◽

18S Rrna Gene ◽

Tree Bark ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Green Microalgae ◽

Green Algal

The diversity of green microalgae in subaerial habitats remains largely unexplored and a number of new genus- and species-level lineages have been discovered recently. The traditional green algal genus, Chlorella, which accommodated coccoid unicellular green algal species with globular to oval cells, reproducing entirely by autospores, has been found to be polyphyletic. In this study, we provide a detailed characterization of two strains of microalgae isolated from tree bark in the Mediterranean. These algae share the general Chlorella-like morphology and their 18S rRNA and rbcL gene sequences place them in the Trebouxiophyceae. Strain CAUP H8401 forms an independent trebouxiophycean lineage, together with three previously published 18S rRNA gene environmental sequences of undescribed microalgae, which were retrieved from profoundly different habitats. In contrast, strain CAUP H7902 is related to Kalinella bambusicola in the Watanabea clade of the Trebouxiophyceae on the basis of its 18S rRNA gene sequence. This relationship is also supported by the rbcL gene sequence, acquired from the type strain of K. bambusicola. The investigated strains are described as representatives of a novel species in a new genus, Leptochlorella corticola gen. et sp. nov., and a novel species, Kalinella apyrenoidosa sp. nov., according to the International Code of Nomenclature for Algae, Fungi and Plants.

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Morphological redescription and molecular characterization of Trichodina matsu Basson & Van As, 1994 (Ciliophora, Mobilida, Trichodinidae) infecting Tachysurus fulvidraco (Richardson, 1846) from Chongqing, China

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4995.2.6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4995 (2) ◽

pp. 334-344

Author(s):

QIAN ZHOU ◽

FAHUI TANG ◽

YUANJUN ZHAO

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Molecular Data ◽

18S Rrna Gene ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Similar Species ◽

Sequence Alignments ◽

Multiple Sequence ◽

Multiple Sequence Alignments ◽

Morphological And Molecular Data ◽

Tachysurus Fulvidraco

During a survey of parasitic ciliates in Chongqing, China, Trichodina matsu Basson & Van As, 1994 was isolated from gills of Tachysurus fulvidraco. Furthermore, the 18S rRNA gene and ITS-5.8S rRNA region of T. matsu were sequenced for the first time and applied for the species identification and comparison with similar species in the present study. Based on the morphological and molecular comparisons, the results indicate that T. matsu is an ectoparasite specific for the Siluriformes catfish. Based on the analyses of genetic distance, multiple sequence alignments, and phylogenetic analyses, no obvious differentiation within populations of T. matsu was found. In addition, the ‘Trichodina hyperparasitis’ (KX904933) in GenBank is a misidentification and appears to be conspecific with T. matsu according to the comparison of morphological and molecular data.

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Redescription and phylogenetic analyses of Thaparocleidus gomtius and T. sudhakari (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae) from Wallago attu (Siluriformes: Siluridae) in India

Helminthologia ◽

10.1515/helm-2017-0008 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 54 (1) ◽

pp. 87-96 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

C. Verma ◽

A. Chaudhary ◽

H. S. Singh

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Relationships ◽

18S Rrna ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Uttar Pradesh ◽

18S Rrna Gene ◽

Morphometric Study ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Molecular Analyses ◽

Wallago Attu ◽

Geographical Regions

Summary Two species of Thaparocleidus Jain (1952a) were found harboring W. attu from the Ganga River at two localities, Meerut and Farrukhabad, Uttar Pradesh, India, during the period of 2013-2015. Morphology and morphometric study of specimens identified as Thaparocleidus gomtius (Jain, 1952a) Lim, 1996 and T. sudhakari (Gusev, 1976) Lim, 1996. Molecular analyses using the 18S rRNA gene confirmed the validity of T. gomtius and T. sudhakari and demonstrated that both the species clustered with other Thaparocleidus species from different geographical regions. We aim at reassessing the taxonomy and establishing the phylogenetic relationships among these two redescribed species with other representatives of the genus Thaparocleidus.

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Mononchoides macrospiculum n. sp. (Nematoda: Neodiplogastridae) and Teratorhabditis synpapillata Sudhaus, 1985 (Nematoda: Rhabditidae): nematode associates of Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Oliver) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Italy

Nematology ◽

10.1163/15685411-00002916 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 17 (8) ◽

pp. 953-966 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Alberto Troccoli ◽

Monica Oreste ◽

Eustachio Tarasco ◽

Elena Fanelli ◽

Francesca De Luca

Keyword(s):

Molecular Level ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

18S Rrna Gene ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

28S Rrna ◽

Italian Population ◽

Rhynchophorus Ferrugineus ◽

Red Palm Weevil ◽

Palm Weevil ◽

Mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase

Several juvenile and adult nematodes were isolated after dissection of pupae and adults of the red palm weevil,Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, recovered from an infestedPhoenix canariensisChabaud exemplar in Bari, Italy. Two species of nematodes were recovered,Teratorhabditis synpapillataandMononchoides macrospiculumn. sp. which is described herein. The mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI), the ITS-containing region, the 18S rRNA gene (SSU) and the D2-D3 expansion domains of the 28S rRNA gene (LSU) were amplified and sequenced. The new species,M. macrospiculumn. sp., is described at morphological and molecular level. Phylogenetic analyses using SSU and LSU sequences placedM. macrospiculumn. sp. together withM. composticolaandM. striatus. The sequences of the Italian population ofT. synpapillataare identical to those ofT. synpapillatafrom Japan. This is the first report on the association ofM. macrospiculumn. sp. andT. synpapillatawith the red palm weevil in Europe.

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