Performance Optimization of Super White Washed Stretch Denim Fabric by Deviating Washing Process Time and Machine RPM

Md. Tareque Rahaman; Sumaiya Akter; Arnob Dhar Pranta

doi:10.11648/j.ijimse.20210601.13

Hisparc cosmic ray detector’s response to heavy rain

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-10888 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Alexander P. J. van Deursen ◽

David Fokkema ◽

Kasper van Dam ◽

Bob van Eijk

Keyword(s):

Cosmic Ray ◽

Heavy Rain ◽

High Energy ◽

Process Time ◽

Extensive Air Shower ◽

Air Shower ◽

Washing Process ◽

Energy Gamma ◽

Gas Molecules ◽

Summer Storm

Cosmic ray particles have extreme energies, 1016 eV/nucleon and up. Upon arrival at the higher atmosphere and collisions with the gas molecules there, the cosmic ray particles convert into an cascade of different secondary particles that finally arrive at soil level in the form of an extensive air shower (EAS): high-energy gamma&#8217;s, electrons and muons. In the HIgh School Project on Astrophysics Research with Cosmics (Hisparc, www.hisparc.nl) about 100 EAS detector stations are distributed over the Netherlands and several neighboring countries. These stations are mostly placed on the roof of secondary schools, where they have been built by pupils to attract them towards STEM studies.Each station consists of two or four detectors with 0.5 m2 plastic scintillator plates to record the passage of the EAS. At coincidence, the scintillator signals are individually recorded, accurately timed with GPS. All data are sent to and collected at the NIKHEF institute (www.nikhef.nl) and made available (open-access) for further analysis by pupils and scientists.The sensitivity of the detectors is commonly adjusted such that each detector records a few hundred hits per second. The number of coincidences within 1.5 &#956;s is then about 1 in 3 seconds, in part due to an actual EAS, in part due to random local radioactive processes.During intense rainfall of a particular summer storm several two-detector systems recorded an increase in the coincidence frequency of up to a factor of 7. When comparing different stations we could follow the associated storm front moving northwards over NL. Within the coincidence interval of 1.5 &#956;s the increased individual signals of both detectors were evenly distributed. Actual EAS signals tend to be synchronous to within 100 ns. We therefor attribute the increase to random signals. As possible source we suggest gamma radiation due to radon daughters in the atmosphere that are washed out by the rain and accumulate on the roof close to the detectors. The delay between rain and signal increase is noted and in accordance with the washing process time.

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Effect of Super White Washing Process Temperature and Optical Brightening Agent Concentration on Various Properties of Stretch Denim Fabric

International Journal of Systems Engineering ◽

10.11648/j.ijse.20210501.16 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 43

Author(s):

Md. Zayedul Hasan ◽

A. K. M. Ayatullah Hosne Asif ◽

Md. Tareque Rahaman ◽

Sumaiya Akter

Keyword(s):

Process Temperature ◽

Washing Process ◽

Denim Fabric

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Impact of Washing Process on the Physical Properties of Denim Fabric (Twill and Dobby)

European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research ◽

10.24018/ej-eng.2021.6.7.2638 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (7) ◽

pp. 77-81

Author(s):

Abdullah Al Rakib Shikder ◽

Jabed Hossen Emon ◽

Md. Humayun Kabir Khan ◽

Md. Mehedi Hasan ◽

Md. Abu Bakar Siddiquee

Keyword(s):

Tensile Strength ◽

The Other ◽

Polyester Yarn ◽

Weft Direction ◽

Washing Process ◽

Different Types ◽

Denim Fabric ◽

The Impact ◽

Dark Shade ◽

Tearing Strength

The study was focused on investigating the impact of different washing processes (dark shade, medium shade, light shade) on various properties of denim fabric. Two different types of fabrics with twill and dobby weave constructions were produced from cotton, spandex, and polyester yarn, and different types of washing processes were applied. Dimensional stability, tensile strength, tearing strength, EPI and PPI, weight, colorfastness to rubbing, colorfastness to perspiration (acid and alkaline), and colorfastness to water was investigated and comparisons were made statistically between the before washed sample and after washed sample. It is found that the process result shows better tear and tensile strength in case of dark & medium shade wash than light shade wash. On the other hand, weight and EPI & PPI have shown better result for light wash than other wash. Colorfastness to rubbing, Colorfastness to water, and Colorfastness to perspiration (acid and alkaline medium) are similar. The shrinkage% is higher especially in the weft direction of the fabric for light wash than the dark wash.

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Proses Bleach Washing pada Kain Denim yang Dicelup dengan Zat Warna Indigo Menggunakan Natrium Hipochlorit (NaOCl)

Sainteks: Jurnal Sains dan Teknik ◽

10.37577/sainteks.v3i2.333 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 76-83

Author(s):

Luciana Luciana ◽

Elly Koesneliwati

Keyword(s):

Tensile Strength ◽

Sodium Hypochlorite ◽

Statistical Data ◽

Oxidation Process ◽

Color Fastness ◽

Weft Direction ◽

Washing Process ◽

Denim Fabric ◽

Factory Standard ◽

Very High

The process of bleach washing on denim fabrics produces a paler or lighter shabby effect. The shabby effect is produced by using an oxidizing agent. The application of sodium hypochlorite can cause a decrease in color aging of denim fabrics and high tensile strength. The pH condition also affects the occurrence of oxycellulose damage which will affect the final result. Inappropriate pH will cause a very high oxidation process and produce a less shabby effect and can cause a decrease in tensile strength. Therefore, the concentration of NaOCl and pH must be adjusted properly so that optimal results are obtained. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of optimum concentration of sodium hypochorite (NaOCl) and pH on the physical properties of denim fabric. After the process of bleach washing process experiment was carried out, a test was carried out based on two-factor Anova statistical data and the optimum visual test fabric results were obtained at a NaOCl concentration of 2 g/L using alkaline pH (10-11). The test values were obtained as follows: color fastness to rubbing are 3-4 for dry, 2-3 for wet, tensile strength 67.4 kg in warp direction, 43.1 in weft direction, fabric stiffness in warp direction 430.48, weft direction 344.54. The factory standard for a tensile strength of 65 kg warp direction, 40 kg weft direction, color fastness to rubbing 3 for dry rubbing and 2 for wet rubbing. Keywords: bleach washing, denim, sodium hypochlorite, oxycellulose, color fastnes

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