scholarly journals A Transаesthetic Interpretation of "Pamięć nareszcie" / "Memory at Last" by Wisława Szymborska

2016 ◽  
pp. 216-233
Author(s):  
Katica Kulavkova
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Analytical Psychology ◽  
Ritual Studies

A Transаesthetic Interpretation of Pamięć nareszcie / Memory at Last by Wisława SzymborskaThis essay attempts to combine several elements relevant for such interpretative practices as hermeneutics, textual explication, speech acts theory, C. G. Jung’s analytical psychology, as well inspirations taken from ritual studies, archetypal literary criticism, and transcendental hermeneutics. This combination of interpretational practices shall be applied to the reading and analysis of Wisława Szymborska’s poem Pamięć nareszcie / Memory at Last. My chief aim is to analyse the ritual dimension of the poem (without disregarding, however, the work’s stylistic features). Wiersz Pamięć nareszcie Wisławy Szymborskiej. Interpretacja transestetycznaNiniejszy esej jest próbą połączenia kilku elementów pełniących ważną rolę w takich praktykach interpretacyjnych jak hermeneutyka, eksplikacja tekstu, teoria aktów mowy, psychologia analityczna C. G. Junga, a także inspiracji płynących z badań nad rytuałem i archetypami, wreszcie z hermeneutyki transcendentnej. Połączenie wymienionych praktyk interpretacji będzie służyło lekturze i analizie wiersza Wisławy Szymborskiej Pamięć nareszcie. Moim głównym celem jest analiza rytualnego wymiaru wiersza (choć także jego cech stylistycznych).

Hexametrical Genres from Homer to Theocritus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Athanasious Faraone
Keyword(s):  
Internal Structure ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Early History ◽  
Classical Period ◽  
Central Importance ◽  
Ritual Studies ◽  
Ritual Performance ◽  
Detailed Picture

This book focuses on the evidence for short, non-epic hexametrical genres as a way of gaining new insights into the variety of their often ritual performance and their early history. It also shows how poets from Homer to Theocritus embedded or imitated these genres to enrich their own poems, by playing with and sometimes overturning the generic expectations of their audiences or readers. In doing so the book combines literary and ritual studies to produce a rich and detailed picture of a number of genres performed in sanctuaries, such as hymns and laments for Adonis, or in other spaces likewise dedicated to traditional speech-acts, such as epithalamia, oracles, or incantations. It deals primarily with the recovery of a number of lost or underappreciated hexametrical genres, which are usually left out of modern taxonomies of archaic hexametrical poetry, either because they survive only in fragments or because the earliest evidence for them dates to the classical period and beyond. Of central importance will be the surviving hexametrical poets, especially those of archaic and Hellenistic date, who embed or imitate traditional hexametrical genres of shorter duration either to give a recognizable internal structure to a shorter poem or to an episode or speech within a longer one.

scholarly journals Metaphysics, Universal Irony, and Richard Rorty’s “We Ironists”

Humanities ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Timo Airaksinen
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Richard Rorty ◽  
Scholarly Work ◽  
English Departments ◽  
Work And Life

Richard Rorty speaks of “we ironists” who use irony as the primary tool in their scholarly work and life. We cannot approach irony in terms of truth, simply because, due to its ironies, the context no longer is metaphysical. This is Rorty’s challenge. Rorty’s promise focuses on top English Departments: they are hegemonic, they rule over the humanities, philosophy, and some social sciences using their superior method of ironizing dialectic. I refer to Hegel, Gerald Doherty’s “pornographic” writings, and Gore Vidal’s non-academic critique of academic literary criticism. My conclusion is that extensive use of irony is costly; an ironist must regulate her relevant ideas and speech acts—Hegel makes this clear. Irony is essentially confusing and contestable. Why would we want to use irony in a way that trumps metaphysics? Metaphysics, as defined by Rorty, is a problematic field, but irony can hardly replace it. At the same time, I admit that universal irony is possible, that is, everything can be seen in ironic light, or ironized. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate and criticize Rorty’s idea of irony by using his own methodology, that is, ironic redescription. We can see the shallowness of his approach to irony by contextualizing it. This also dictates the style of the essay.

Evangelical Encounters: The American Tract Society and the Rituals of Print Distribution in Antebellum America

2019 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 200-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Hazard
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Affect Theory ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ritual Studies ◽  
Antebellum America ◽  
Poor Whites ◽  
Sacred Objects ◽  
Media Distribution

Abstract The American Tract Society, an evangelical publisher, built one of the largest media distribution systems in antebellum America. Called “colportage” from 1841, the system mobilized hundreds of “colporteurs” who delivered tracts and books to people, mostly poor whites, in their homes across the United States. This article draws on ritual studies and affect theory to argue that colportage encounters were affectively charged rituals in which colporteurs staged a disposition of spaces, bodies, speech acts, and tempos to transmit affect, shape the subjectivity of readers, and consecrate books and tracts as sacred objects. An up-close examination of these encounters puts pressure on ideas of religious print as a democratizing medium, demonstrating that the reception of evangelical texts was conditioned by the forceful processes through which they were delivered into the hands of readers.

Sermons as Practical and Linguistic Performances: Insights from Theory and History

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-144
Author(s):  
Abdulkader Tayob
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Religious Studies ◽  
Ritual Studies ◽  
Religious Traditions ◽  
Historical View ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One ◽  
Marking Time

Abstract Sermons lend themselves to ambiguous identification in the study of religions. On the one hand, they are easily recognisable practices, delivered on particular days of the week, or when special occasions or needs arise. They are usually given in clearly defined places at clearly defined times. They are given by designated or recognized individuals that vary according to the respective religious traditions. On the other hand, sermons are speech performances that may and often do vary from one occasion to the next. While prone to a certain formalism, sermon speech acts are open to variation from time to time, and from preacher to preacher. To extend the possibilities offered by sermons for reflection and analysis, I explore some of the theoretical insights suggested for sermons in ritual studies and from the history of sermons within religious traditions. There is no consensus within ritual studies, but there are some useful ideas and suggestions that cover and extend the practices and speech acts that constitute sermons. More significantly, I found the longue durée of the sermon in the Abrahamic traditions of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam to be more resourceful. The historical view of the sermon in comparable religious traditions brings forth enduring elements such as reading texts, employing rhetoric, producing effects (including affect), signifying and challenging authority, and marking time and space. More than the theoretical models for rituals from anthropology and religious studies, this historical perspective brings out the value of the practices and speech elements that constitute sermons.

scholarly journals Ideologie, ‘egte’ norme en literêre taalhandelinge

Literator ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 37-54
Author(s):  
M. Rossouw
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
South African ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
Speech Act Theory ◽  
The Other ◽  
African Community ◽  
Ethical Norms ◽  
Different Levels

For many years text-immanent approaches to literature have dominated the scene of Afrikaans literary criticism. This article adds a voice to the ‘spontaneous' discourse in which ethical norms (especially socio-political guidelines), too, come into play when a literary text is studied. Since the context in which a text is written and read is of great importance in such an approach, speech act theory is used in order to determine the intentions (illocutions) of the writer in the texts, as well as the reactions (perlocutions) of readers to the text. The purpose of this is mainly to establish whether critique of ideology manifests itself in speech acts directed towards freedom and dignity for all people. On the other hand there may also be signs of unconscious ideological illocutions in the contradictions which occur within or between the different levels of communication (macro, meso and micro). These contradictions are related to socio-political contradictions which are repressed within the South African community. In order to illustrate this kind of approach, three novels of Etienne van Heerden are discussed, viz. Om te awol (1984), Toorberg (1986) and Casspirs en Campari's (1991).

scholarly journals On literary narratives, fictionality, and the rules of conversation

Linguistica ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-250
Author(s):  
Anna Buckett
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Oral Communication ◽  
Laurence Sterne ◽  
Roland Barthes ◽  
Recent Developments

"Writing, when properly managed (as you may be sure I thirik mine is) is but a different name for conversation" - "thus Laurence Sterne in Trist Shandy ( 1767). Such statements provoke an examination of possible links between literary narratives and iinguistic models of oral communication. Recent developments in the field of pragmatics, in particular Speech Acts, Deixis and H. P.Grice's Logic and Conversation, provide concepts and structurai principles which could prove useful to literary criticism. This comment, for instance, by Roland Barthes might suggest the need to resort to the theory of deixis: Il ne peut y avoir de recit sans narratetir et sans auditeur.

scholarly journals Imprese e mito personale

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beniamino Mirisola
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Corporate Identity ◽  
Analytical Psychology ◽  
Personal Myth ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Research Tools

Considering the Jungian definition of ‘personal myth’ as a starting point for its hypothesis, the paper proposes a reading of the corporate identity that uses, at the same time, both the research tools offered by analytical psychology and the methods of literary criticism.

Opposites Attract: the Body and Cognition in a Debate over Baptism

Numen ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-145
Author(s):  
Theodore Vial
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Human Action ◽  
The Body ◽  
Rite Of Passage ◽  
Adequate Account ◽  
Ritual Studies ◽  
Adequate Model ◽  
Cognitive Theories ◽  
Recent Developments

AbstractAnalysis of a change in a historical rite of passage, the baptism ceremony in Zurich in the 1860s, shows the relative strengths and weaknesses of recent developments in the field of ritual studies. Those who argue that ritualized action is an embodied negotiation of power relations are helpful in understanding why various groups in society fought either for or against the ritual change. But the weak structural component of these theories and an inadequate model of human action make them unable to account for speech acts in ritual, or for the change in the Zurich ritual. Cognitive theories of ritual are far more successful in explaining the force of specific structural changes. Far from being incompatible, these different approaches to ritual, if based on an adequate model of human agency, are complementary and necessary for an adequate account of the historical ritual change examined.

scholarly journals Elements of expressionism in the story of A. Green «Gray Car»

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
Konstantin S. Pozdnyakov
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Main Character ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Hidden Order ◽  
Soviet Literature ◽  
Russian Literary ◽  
Empirical Material

The topic of the work is relevant, since at present the Russian literary criticism is rediscovering the features of the artistic expression of Soviet literature of the 1920s. The aim of the study was to discover the features of the poetics of Greens text that allow us to identify the novel under consideration as expressionist. Research methods used in the article: comparative-historical and semantic analysis of texts. At the beginning of the article, the research of the novella Gray Car by A.V. Polupanova and L.U. Zvonareva is considered, inaccuracies and obvious factual errors are noted, indicating a lack of understanding of the text, a mixture of such forms of expression of the authors position (according to B.O. Korman) as hero-narrator and author-narrator. As an empirical material, in addition to the novel by A. Green, the works of G. Mayrink, F. Kafka and L. Perutz were used. As a result of consideration of the novels the Golem, Castle, the Cossack and the Nightingale, the Wizard of judgment was allocated with the following features art in the world of the expressionist literary works: a) the problem of identity associated, as a rule, the main character; 2) semema madness, which became a constant for expressionist texts; 3) mysterious (hidden) order of a seemingly chaotic world; 4) the lack of success of speech acts. All these features were found in the story of A. Green, so it seems that the new approach to the work of the writer as a representative of Russian expressionism, demonstrates its consistency and can be contrasted with the more traditional consideration of the authors prose as a super-textual unity.

Jung, Carl (1875–1961)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis A. Sherman
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Zen Buddhism ◽  
Analytical Psychology ◽  
Myers Briggs Type Indicator ◽  
I Ching ◽  
Psychological Types ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Influence Spread

Carl Jung was a Swiss psychiatrist and an early leader in the psychoanalytic movement, which he left to found analytical psychology. Heir-apparent to Sigmund Freud, Jung served as the first president of the International Psychoanalytic Association. Their split resulted from the movement’s increasing dogmatism and Jung’s insistence on a broader conception of the libido (in Freud, sexual energy) advanced in his Psychology of the Unconscious (1912). Further, in addition to a personal unconscious, Jung postulated a collective unconscious in Two Essays on Analytical Psychology (1917), made up of inherited archetypes that emerge into consciousness as symbol and complex. Jung’s therapeutic goal was individuation, in which both the collective and personal unconscious are integrated into the individual’s conscious conception of self. Unlike Freud, Jung considered religion to be compatible with psychology as a potential support for individuation. In addition to works on the occult, alchemy, and the Bible, Jung wrote prefaces to the I Ching, The Tibetan Book of the Dead, and D.T. Suzuki’s An Introduction to Zen Buddhism. Jung’s influence spread significantly after World War II, popularized by Joseph Campbell and adapted to literary criticism by Northrop Frye. Jung’s work on psychological types would become the basis for the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator.

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