scholarly journals How Nascent Occupations Construct a Mandate: The Case of Service Designers’ Ethos

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 270-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Laure Fayard ◽  
Ileana Stigliani ◽  
Beth A. Bechky
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Service Design ◽  
Work Practices ◽  
Technical Expertise ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Work Activities ◽  
Daily Work ◽  
Line Staff ◽  
Feasible Solutions

In this paper, we study the way that nascent occupations constructing an occupational mandate invoke not only skills and expertise or a new technology to distinguish themselves from other occupations, but also their values. We studied service design, an emerging occupation whose practitioners aim to understand customers and help organizations develop new or improved services and customer experiences, translate those into feasible solutions, and implement them. Practitioners enacted their values in their daily work activities through a set of material practices, such as shadowing customers or front-line staff, conducting interviews in the service context, or creating “journey maps” of a service user’s experience. The role of values in the construction of an occupational mandate is particularly salient for occupations such as service design, which cannot solely rely on skills and technical expertise as sources of differentiation. We show how service designers differentiated themselves from other competing occupations by highlighting how their values make their work practices unique. Both values and work practices, what service designers call their ethos, were essential to enable service designers to define the proper conduct and modes of thinking characteristic of their occupational mandate.

Social workers as state and citizen-agents. How social workers in a German, Dutch and Flemish public welfare organisation manage this dual responsibility in practice

2021 ◽  
pp. 146801732110097
Author(s):  
Michelle van der Tier ◽  
Koen Hermans ◽  
Marianne Potting
Keyword(s):  
Social Workers ◽  
Public Welfare ◽  
National Study ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Line Managers ◽  
Daily Work ◽  
Line Manager ◽  
Cross National Study ◽  
The Relationship

Summary Professional standards state that social workers in public welfare organisations should act as state and citizen-agents. However, the literature provides little insight into how social workers navigate this dual responsibility in their daily work. To address this gap, we used Maynard-Moody and Musheno’s theory on state and citizens-agent narratives to analyse street-level practices of social workers in three local welfare organisations in Germany, the Netherlands and Belgium. This article explores how three specific organisational mechanisms (decision-making authority; the role of the front-line manager and the degree of specialisation) affect the ways social workers navigate both agent narratives in public welfare organisations. The data were gathered by a mixed method design of in-depth interviews and focus groups. Findings Our study shows that social workers struggle with the tensions that intrude between the state and citizen-agent narrative. We found that the extent to which both narratives are adopted by social workers is affected by a complicated interaction between the beliefs of social workers about social justice and responsiveness and the selected organisational mechanisms. Moreover, we found that critical reflection and a supportive attitude of front-line managers can help social workers to manage their double responsibility in practice. Application Our cross-national study contributes to a deeper understanding of the relationship between organisational mechanisms and the moral deliberations of social workers regarding their dual responsibility. It provides in-depth insights into the tensions and conflicts social workers in different contexts face daily on account of their dual responsibility.

scholarly journals Nurse Practitioners and The Use of Antipsychotic Medications in Long Term Care in Ontario, Canada

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Elizabeth Hill NP-Adult, MScN ◽  
Roberta Heale NP-PHC, DNP, PhD
Keyword(s):  
Nurse Practitioners ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Inappropriate Prescribing ◽  
Care Staff ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Antipsychotic Medications ◽  
Line Staff

Introduction: Antipsychotic use in Long-Term Care (LTC) in Ontario, Canada continues to pose a challenge in the care of older adult patients living in these institutions. The dangers and patterns of inappropriate prescribing have been documented frequently. Most of the current literature focuses on dementia and behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia, the role of prescribers, or on interprofessional interventions with person-centered care to address the behavior. Very little discussion has focused on the role of nurse practitioners and other frontline long-term care staff in the assessment and interactions with residents that may result in prescriptions of antipsychotics. Objectives: The purpose of this population based retrospective study of data from all LTC facilities in Ontario, Canada in 2019-2020 was to determine the extent to which antipsychotic medications were used in and the factors associated with this use. Reflections about the NP role are discussed. Results: The results demonstrate that over thirty percent of residents in LTC continue to receive antipsychotics and those with the responsive behaviours are significantly more likely to be prescribed antipsychotics.   Conclusions: The findings identify a potential link between over-burdened front-line staff and increased antipsychotic prescriptions, as well as continued use of antipsychotics in attempts to prevent harm to residents and staff at long-term care homes. Recommendations are made that include changes to legislation that will ensure optimal front-line care and time for care, increased training for front line staff and, in particular, how the role of the nurse practitioner in LTC can be utilized to optimize the appropriate use of antipsychotics, and the support of discontinuing or decreasing the dose of antipsychotics when required.

scholarly journals Perceptions and experiences of healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e040503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Vindrola-Padros ◽  
Lily Andrews ◽  
Anna Dowrick ◽  
Nehla Djellouli ◽  
Harrison Fillmore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Media Analysis ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Framework Analysis ◽  
Daily Work ◽  
Line Staff ◽  
The Uk

ObjectiveThe COVID-19 pandemic has set unprecedented demand on the healthcare workforce around the world. The UK has been one of the most affected countries in Europe. The aim of this study was to explore the perceptions and experiences of healthcare workers (HCWs) in relation to COVID-19 and care delivery models implemented to deal with the pandemic in the UK.MethodsThe study was designed as a rapid appraisal combining: (1) a review of UK healthcare policies (n=35 policies), (2) mass media and social media analysis of front-line staff experiences and perceptions (n=101 newspaper articles, n=1 46 000 posts) and (3) in-depth (telephone) interviews with front-line staff (n=30 interviews). The findings from all streams were analysed using framework analysis.ResultsLimited personal protective equipment (PPE) and lack of routine testing created anxiety and distress and had a tangible impact on the workforce. When PPE was available, incorrect size and overheating complicated routine work. Lack of training for redeployed staff and the failure to consider the skills of redeployed staff for new areas were identified as problems. Positive aspects of daily work reported by HCWs included solidarity between colleagues, the establishment of well-being support structures and feeling valued by society.ConclusionOur study highlighted the importance of taking into consideration the experiences and concerns of front-line staff during a pandemic. Staff working in the UK during the COVID-19 pandemic advocated clear and consistent guidelines, streamlined testing of HCWs, administration of PPE and acknowledgement of the effects of PPE on routine practice.

scholarly journals Employee discourse: tensions between the use of English and multilingual exchanges in daily work activities.

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
EVE LEJOT
Keyword(s):  
International Business ◽  
Lingua Franca ◽  
Work Activities ◽  
Daily Work ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Initial Analysis ◽  
Before And After ◽  
European Projects

<p class="Abstract"><span lang="EN-GB">A number of European projects – ELAN (2006), Dylan (2006-2011), CELAN (2011-2013) – have confirmed the importance of multilingualism in the workplace. They provide evidence that a multilingual environment increases the diversity and the quality of projects, while monolingualism can mean a loss of markets. Since the ‘80s, English as a lingua franca (ELF) has been accepted as the international business language. Although English is not considered a threat to multilingualism (House, 2002, 2003), tensions exist between these two forms of communication: ELF and multilingualism. In this paper, I present an analysis of Airbus employee interviews using argument formulas (Anscombre, Ducrot, 1983). The initial analysis of what is said before and after the connector “but/pero/aber/mais” within interviews in four languages indicates tensions between the use of English and multilingual exchanges in daily work activities. The combination of “enunciation frames” (Charolles, 1997) and the role of personal pronouns (Benveniste, 1974) shows that the employees adapt their communication according to workplace structures: they tend to use English at an executive or a departmental level, while at team and face-to-face levels their communication benefits from multilingual skills. </span></p><p class="Abstract"> </p>

Does staff see what experts see? Accuracy of front line staff in scoring juveniles’ risk factors.

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick J. Kennealy ◽  
Jennifer L. Skeem ◽  
Isaias R. Hernandez
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Line Staff

CULTURE OF THE RUSSIAN WORLD - A SPIRITUAL SLOGAN FACTOR OF VICTORY IN THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-173
Author(s):  
VLADIMIR KSENOFONTOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Expression ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Soviet People ◽  
The People ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Red Army ◽  
Art Activities ◽  
Artistic Images ◽  
Great Victory

The article reveals the essence and specificity of culture as an important component of the spiritual factor of victory. Special attention is paid to the characteristics of fiction. The article substantiates the moral and aesthetic impact on the consciousness of defenders of the Motherland, such works of art as“They fought for the Motherland”,“Leningrad poem”,“Russian character”,“Invasion”, etc. The article describes the significant role of theatrical art, which reveals the moral values of the people and Soviet soldiers. This is reflected in such plays as: “the Front”; “the Guy from our city”; “Once upon a time”, etc. The article substantiates the important role of the spiritual influence of cinema on Soviet people. This influence was realized through artistic images of selfless service to the Motherland, loyalty to military duty. Among these films: “Two fighters”, “Wait for me”, “Front-line friends”. During the war, as the article emphasizes, an important component of the spiritual factor of victory was the musical art. Activities in this area of culture famous musicians:B. Astafiev, S. Prokofiev, D. Shostakovich, A. Alexandrov, V. Soloviev-Sedoy, and others, was implemented in operas, symphonies, cantatas and songs, which by their nature emotional expression differed Patriotic and epic strength. The purpose of the research : to reveal the axiological components, culture of the Russian world, as important components, spiritual factor during the great Patriotic war. Conclusions : the culture of the Russian world at various stages of the great Patriotic War, through a variety of means and forms, actively mobilized all Soviet people to defend the Motherland and defeat Nazi Germany. The spiritual culture of our country and its types, in the course of functioning, during the war, clearly and expressively revealed the idea of patriotism, courage, bravery and heroism, and encouraged the Soviet people, the soldiers of the red Army, to achieve a great Victory.

Crucial role of physiotherapy in treating COVID-19 patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 967-971
Author(s):  
Poonam Thakre ◽  
Waqar M. Naqvi ◽  
Trupti Deshmukh ◽  
Nikhil Ingole ◽  
Sourabh Deshmukh
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Front Line ◽  
The Many ◽  
Sixth International

The emergence in China of 2019 of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus2 (SARS-CoV-2) previously provisionally names 2019-nCoV disease (COVID19) caused major global outbreak and is a major public health problem. On 30 January 2020, the WHO declared COVID19 to be the sixth international public health emergency. This present pandemic has engrossed the globe with a high rate of mortality. As a front line practitioner, physiotherapists are expected to be getting in direct contact with patients infected with the virus. That’s why it is necessary for understanding the many aspects of their role in the identification, contains, reduces and treats the symptoms of this disease. The main presentation is the involvement of respiratory system with symptoms like fever, cough, sore throat, sneezing and characteristics of pneumonia leads to ARDS(Acute respiratory distress syndrome) also land up in multiorgan dysfunction syndrome. This text describes and suggests physiotherapy management of acute COVID-19 patients. It also includes recommendations and guidelines for physiotherapy planning and management. It also covers the guidelines regarding personal care and equipment used for treatment which can be used in the treatment of acute adult patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19.

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