Intestinal Obstruction and Ileus: Role of Computed Tomography Scan in Diagnosis and Management

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (12) ◽  
pp. 1210-1214
Author(s):  
Vinod A. Sebastian ◽  
Kevin J. Nebab ◽  
Michael A. Goldfarb
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mechanical Obstruction ◽  
Computed Tomography Scan ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Tomography Scan

A significant proportion of patients with intestinal obstruction will be evaluated with a CT scan of the abdomen. This study presents a group of 97 patients diagnosed with mechanical obstruction or ileus on CT scan over a 16-month period at a community based teaching hospital and follows the further management of these patients. Our study shows that 43.3 per cent of patients with mechanical obstruction, diagnosed by CT scan, eventually needed surgical treatment. On the other hand, even when CT indicates ileus, 20 per cent of these patients may still require surgical intervention.

scholarly journals Role of Computed Tomography Scan in the Assessment of Subacute Intestinal Obstruction at Bhuj, Kutch: A Prospective Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-43
Author(s):  
Ashvin Pansuriya
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Mechanical Obstruction ◽  
Contrast Administration ◽  
Erect Posture ◽  
Ileal Stricture ◽  
Subacute Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Tomography Scan

Background: Bowel obstruction occurs when the normal flow of intraluminal contents is interrupted. Obstruction can be functional or due to  a mechanical obstruction. Now a day’s CT is considered to be the most efficacious imaging technique for determining the cause of intestinal obstruction. However, the indications for the use of CT in patients with Sub-Acute Intestinal Obstruction (SAIO) have not been fully defined. Objectives of the present study are to study the role of CT in Diagnosis of patients with suspected subacute intestinal obstruction (SAIO), to find out site & cause of obstruction and to diagnose complications of obstruction. Subjects and Methods: This study was conducted at Department of Radiodiagnosis, Gujarat Adani institute of Medcial Science, Bhuj, Kutch, Gujarat. Total number of 22 patients with SAIO having equivocal findings on USG was included in this study. Detailed clinical evaluation of the patients was done. Plain x-ray of abdomen in erect posture & abdominopelvic ultrasound were performed before CT scan. CT scans were performed on a GE lightspeed VCT 64 slice scanner and acquired in precontrast & portovenous phase at 60sec after i.v. contrast administration. Results:  Age of the patients in the study range between 14 to   76 years. Out of 22 were 12 male & 10 female patients. On CT scan all 22 patients were found to have obstruction with 19 patients having mechanical obstruction & 3 patients having pseudo obstruction secondary to appendicitis, jejunal perforation. Most common cause of SAIO was ileal stricture 38% followed by intussusceptions 23%. Conclusion: CT is not only useful in distinguishing mechanical obstruction from paralytic ileus but also it often establishes the cause of obstruction & presence of complications like strangulation & perforation.

scholarly journals Intestinal Obstruction of Congenital Origin: A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (221) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mandeeep Guragai ◽  
Suzit Bhusal ◽  
Anwesh Bhatta
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Young Child ◽  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Mechanical Obstruction ◽  
Computed Tomography Scan ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Congenital Origin ◽  
Viral Enteritis ◽  
Tomography Scan

Congenital bands are rare causes of intestinal obstruction and often leads to diagnostic challenges.Diagnostic delays in cases of mechanical obstruction might lead to irreversible bowel ischemiaand perforation. Presently described is a case of an 18 month young child with severe vomitingdeveloped for one day. The child was initially thought to have acute viral enteritis and treatedaccordingly. Due to the severity, an X-Ray and computed tomography scan were sent which pointedtowards the possibility of having congenital bands. He was treated operatively. The child was keptunder observation for eleven days and was discharged. Although rare, intestinal obstruction due tocongenital bands must be considered when treating a child with severe vomiting.

scholarly journals Spontaneous resolution of chronic subdural hematoma: Does only the size matter?

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 194
Author(s):  
Messias Gonçalves Pacheco Junior ◽  
Bruno Lima Pessoa ◽  
Jose Alberto Landeiro ◽  
Pedro Henrique de Abreu Macedo ◽  
Marco Antônio Araújo Leite
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Chronic Subdural Hematoma ◽  
Spontaneous Resolution ◽  
Computed Tomography Scan ◽  
Ataxic Gait ◽  
The Right ◽  
Size Matter ◽  
Head Computed Tomography ◽  
Tomography Scan

Background: Chronic subdural hematomas (CSDHs) usually occur late in adults and older after mild head trauma. Surgical intervention is the first treatment option in CSDH with conservative management being adopted in few cases. Case Description: We report a case of a 71-year-old man who presented a spontaneous resolution of a large CSDH. He presented with a difficulty of speech and an ataxic gait. Head (computed tomography scan) showed a low-density lesion located in the right frontal-temporal-parietal region. Conclusion: In this report, we discuss the spontaneous resolution of a large CSDH in elderly patients, without surgical intervention. Gradually, several successful nonsurgical therapies for the treatment of these hematomas are reported, although further studies are essential to establish the role of these nonsurgical treatments of CSDHs.

scholarly journals Avoiding cavity surgery in penetrating torso trauma: the role of the computed tomography scan

2010 ◽  
Vol 92 (6) ◽  
pp. 486-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
JE Smith ◽  
M Midwinter ◽  
AW Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Computed Tomography Scan ◽  
Surgical Decision ◽  
Torso Trauma ◽  
Surgical Decision Making ◽  
Tomography Scan

INTRODUCTION Surgical decision-making in torso trauma is complex. This paper looks at the role of the computed tomography scan in this decision-making process. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with significant torso trauma (high velocity gunshot wound [HVGSW], blast, stab) admitted to a military role 2 (enhanced) hospital facility during a 7-week period of Operation HERRICK 9 (Afghanistan, October to November 2008) are reported. The management of those patients undergoing a CT scan as part of the decision-making process at the time of admission is discussed. RESULTS Twenty eight patients with significant torso trauma were admitted to the facility during the study period; HVGSW (n = 15), blast (n = 9), stab (n = 4). Thirteen patients underwent a CT scan as part of the surgical decision-making process; HVGSW (n = 5), blast (n = 8). Imaging confirmed torso integrity in 12 patients, one of whom subsequently had a laparotomy for vascular control for on-table haemorrhage during lower limb surgery. One patient had a confirmed thoraco-abdominal injury, which was treated conservatively with tube thoracostomy and ‘active observation’. CONCLUSIONS A CT scan formed part of the surgical decision-making process in about half of the patients admitted with significant torso trauma, and helped prevent unnecessary laparotomy in this forward military environment. Those patients with a blast injury were more likely to undergo CT scanning than those where the mechanism of injury was a HVGSW.

scholarly journals Role of Computed Tomography Scan in The Evaluation of Cerebral Palsy in Children

KYAMC Journal ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Momotaj Begum ◽  
Sabina Yiasmeen ◽  
Mahmud Hossain ◽  
Shafi Ahmed ◽  
Salahuddin Al Azad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Computed Tomography Scan ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tomography Scan

Background. Cerebral palsy is one of the common childhood neurological problem which occurs due to defect or lesion in immature brain. The worldwide incidence of cerebral palsy is approximately 2-2.5 per 1000 live births. There have been many works on the role of computed tomography scan in the diagnosis of cerebral palsy. Objective: The objective information available from careful review of imaging information such as CT brain scans, is an important adjunct to clinical data. Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out in the department of Radiology and Imaging, BSMMU and department of Paediatric Neurology unit over a period of 12 months from January 2019 to December 2019. We calculated the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of CT scan in diagnosis of CP in children. Results: This cross sectional study was carried out on consecutively selected 94 children below 15 years having clinical evidence of cerebral palsy. Among the study subjects 86.2% were diagnosed as cerebral palsy through CT scan. Conclusion: The sensitivity and specificity of CT scan of present study was found to be quite high in children which suggests a CT scan as an effective investigation for the diagnosis of cerebral palsy. KYAMC Journal Vol. 11, No.-1, April 2020, Page 3-8

scholarly journals Are RNA-Based Tests Sufficient for COVID-19 Diagnosis? An Inspiration of Three Asymptomatic Cases

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 096368972098545
Author(s):  
Tao Hu ◽  
Xiao Liu ◽  
Qinan Yin ◽  
Xingting Duan ◽  
Li Yan
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
The Other ◽  
Computed Tomography Scan ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
History Of ◽  
Tomography Scan ◽  
Nucleic Acid Tests

In this work, we discovered a new phenomenon—asymptomatic COVID-19 infection, or covert case, during the pandemic. All the 3 patients had a history of exposure, with no symptoms, and no abnormalities were found in computed tomography scan or lab tests. Except for case 2, the other patients’ severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) nucleic acid tests were negative. But their anti-SARS-COV-2 nucleocapsid antibody showed a dynamic trend, consistent with the process of virus infection and clearance. A growing number of asymptomatic or covert cases need more attention. Lack of surveillance may lead to another outbreak. We hope to demonstrate our cases to attract the attention of governments or health authorities that covert cases should be the focus as well.

scholarly journals Emphysematous pyelonephritis: A rare cause of sepsis in hepatocellular carcinoma

2021 ◽  
pp. 201010582199280
Author(s):  
Hany Haqimi Wan Hanafi ◽  
Nazri Mustaffa ◽  
Yeong Yeh Lee ◽  
Siti Nurbaya Mohd Nawi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Chronic Liver Disease ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Computed Tomography Scan ◽  
Emphysematous Pyelonephritis ◽  
Urological Emergency ◽  
Tomography Scan

The association between emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN) and diabetes mellitus is well known. EPN as the cause of sepsis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is rare and unreported. We report a case of EPN in a non-diabetic HCC patient, in which the clinical features of decompensated chronic liver disease masked the more sinister urological emergency to a certain degree. A computed tomography scan of the abdomen revealed a mixture of gas and fluid in the left retrorenal space, in keeping with left EPN. Nevertheless, the course of clinical deterioration was rather rapid that any surgical intervention was not feasible.

scholarly journals The role of radioimmunoscintigraphy and computed tomography scan prior to reassessment laparotomy of patients with ovarian carcinoma: A preliminary report

Cancer ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 77 (11) ◽  
pp. 2286-2293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael W. Method ◽  
Aldo N. Serafini ◽  
Hervy E. Averette ◽  
Michael Rodriguez ◽  
Manuel A. Penalver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Ovarian Carcinoma ◽  
Preliminary Report ◽  
Computed Tomography Scan ◽  
Tomography Scan

scholarly journals Dimensions of social categorization: Inside the role of language

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0254513
Author(s):  
Anna Lorenzoni ◽  
Mikel Santesteban ◽  
Francesca Peressotti ◽  
Cristina Baus ◽  
Eduardo Navarrete
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Basque Country ◽  
Social Categorization ◽  
The Other ◽  
Social Implications ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Daily Exposure ◽  
Bilingual Communities

The present pre-registration aims to investigate the role of language as a dimension of social categorization. Our critical aim is to investigate whether language can be used as a dimension of social categorization even when the languages coexist within the same sociolinguistic group, as is the case in bilingual communities where two languages are used in daily social interactions. We will use the memory confusion paradigm (also known as the Who said what? task). In the first part of the task, i.e. encoding, participants will be presented with a face (i.e. speaker) and will listen to an auditory sentence. Two languages will be used, with half of the faces always associated with one language and the other half with the other language. In the second phase, i.e. recognition, all the faces will be presented on the screen and participants will decide which face uttered which sentence in the encoding phase. Based on previous literature, we expect that participants will be more likely to confuse faces from within the same language category than from the other language category. Participants will be bilingual individuals of two bilingual communities, the Basque Country (Spain) and Veneto (Italy). The two languages of these communities will be used, Spanish and Basque (Study 1), and Italian and Venetian dialect (Study 2). Furthermore, we will explore whether the amount of daily exposure to the two languages modulates the effect of language as a social categorization cue. This research will allow us to test whether bilingual people use language to categorize individuals belonging to the same sociolinguistic community based on the language these individuals are speaking. Our findings may have relevant political and social implications for linguistic policies in bilingual communities.

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