Bacteriology of Chronic Maxillary Sinusitis in Adults

1989 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
pp. 426-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Itzhak Brook
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Chronic Sinusitis ◽  
Maxillary Sinusitis ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Chronic Maxillary Sinusitis ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Culture Positive ◽  
Maxillary Sinuses

Aspirates of 72 chronically inflamed maxillary sinuses were processed for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Bacterial growth was present in 66 of the 72 specimens (92%). Anaerobic bacteria were isolated in 58 of the 66 culture-positive specimens (88%). Anaerobes only were recovered in 37 cases (56%) and in 21 (32%) they were mixed with aerobic or facultative bacteria. Aerobic or facultative bacteria were present in eight cases (12%). A total of 185 isolates (2.8 per specimen) — 131 (2.0 per specimen) anaerobes and 54 (0.8 per specimen) aerobes or facultatives — were isolated. The predominant anaerobic organisms were anaerobic cocci and Bacteroides sp, and the predominant aerobes or facultatives were Streptococcus sp and Staphylococcus aureus. Twelve of the 27 Bacteroides sp that were tested for β-lactamase (44%) produced the enzyme. These findings indicate the major role of anaerobic organisms in chronic sinusitis.

Bacteriological Study of Chronic Maxillary Sinusitis with Special Reference to Anaerobes

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-144
Author(s):  
Shashidhar S Suligavi ◽  
Shilpa K Gokale
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Maxillary Sinusitis ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Bacteriological Study ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Chronic Maxillary Sinusitis ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Maxillary Sinuses

Abstract Aspirates from 50 chronically inflamed maxillary sinuses were processed for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Bacterial growth was present in 48 (96%) specimens. There were 110 bacterial isolates (2.2/specimen). Forty of the isolates were aerobic or facultative organisms (0.8/ specimen). The predominant aerobic or facultative organisms were Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococcus (CNS), S. pneumoniae, E. coli, H. influenzae and P. aeruginosa. Seventy anaerobes were isolated (1.4/specimen), Prevotella spp, Peptostreptococcus spp., Porphyromonas spp. and bacteroides spp. being predominant. These findings illustrate the presence of polymicrobial aerobic-anaerobic flora in patients with chronic maxillary sinusitis.

Antimicrobial management of chronic sinusitis in children

1995 ◽  
Vol 109 (12) ◽  
pp. 1159-1162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Itzhak Brook ◽  
Paula Yocum
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Sinusitis ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Therapeutic Change ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Rapid Response ◽  
Surgical Drainage ◽  
Antimicrobial Management ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Culture Positive

AbstractThis study retrospectively investigated the microbiology and management of 40 children who suffered from chronic sinusitis.The sinuses infected were the maxillary (15 cases), ethmoid (13), and frontal (seven). Pansinusitis was present in five patients. All aspirates were cultured for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. A total of 121 isolates (97 anaerobic and 24 aerobic) were recovered. Anaerobes were recovered from all 37 culture- positive specimens, and in 14 cases (38 per cent) they were mixed with aerobes. Twenty-three 3- lactamase-producing bacteria were isolated from 16 (43 per cent) patients. The 15 patients who received clindamycin had the most rapid response to therapy and a change of therapy and surgical drainage was required in one case. Of the 16 patients who received amoxycillin or ampicillin, 16 responded to therapy, six needed a change of therapy, including four who also had surgical drainage. Of the six who were treated with erythromycin, three needed antibiotic change, two with surgical drainage. Of the three that received cefaclor, two were cured, and one had an antibiotic change. Resistant organisms were recovered in all the cases that required therapeutic change.These findings support the important role of anaerobic bacteria in the polymicrobial cause of chronic sinusitis in children, and the superiority of therapy effective against these organisms.

Evaluation of the microbiology of chronic sinusitis

1996 ◽  
Vol 110 (6) ◽  
pp. 547-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burçin Şener ◽  
Gülşen Hasçelik ◽  
Metin Önerci ◽  
Ferda Tunçkanat
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Chronic Sinusitis ◽  
Maxillary Sinusitis ◽  
Sinus Surgery ◽  
Mucosal Tissue ◽  
Chronic Maxillary Sinusitis ◽  
Tissue Specimens

AbstractChronic sinusitis is one of the most common diseases treated in outpatient centres. In this prospective study, 49 patients with the diagnosis of chronic maxillary sinusitis were evaluated microbiologically by using sinus swab, irrigation fluid and sinus mucosal tissue specimens obtained during endoscopic sinus surgery. There was no bacterial growth in seven cases. In the remaining 42 cases a total of 89 bacteria were isolated, 28 of them being classical pathogens and 61 being non-classical pathogens. Among the classical pathogensStaphylococcus aureuswas the most common one. The correlation between the isolates obtained from maxillary sinus and isolates obtained from throat, nose and nasopharynx did not have a predictive value. Since the overall rate of classical pathogen isolation from patients with chronic sinusitis was not significantly high, the possible role of factors other than bacterial growth should be identified in the pathogenesis of chronic sinusitis.

Microbiology of Acute and Chronic Maxillary Sinusitis in Smokers and Nonsmokers

2011 ◽  
Vol 120 (11) ◽  
pp. 707-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Itzhak Brook ◽  
Jeffrey N. Hausfeld
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Therapy ◽  
Moraxella Catarrhalis ◽  
Chronic Sinusitis ◽  
Maxillary Sinusitis ◽  
Acute Sinusitis ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
The Past ◽  
Bacteroides Fragilis Group ◽  
Chronic Maxillary Sinusitis

Objectives: We evaluated the microbiology of sinus aspirates of smokers and nonsmokers with acute and chronic maxillary sinusitis. Methods: Cultures were obtained from 458 patients, 244 (87 smokers and 157 nonsmokers) of whom had acute maxillary sinusitis and 214 (84 smokers and 130 nonsmokers) of whom had chronic maxillary sinusitis, between 2001 and 2007. Results: A greater number of Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant S aureus (MRSA), and beta-lactamase–producing bacteria (BLPB) were found in the 87 smokers with acute sinusitis than in the nonsmokers with acute sinusitis (p < 0.005, p < 0.025, and p < 0.05, respectively). A greater number of these organisms were found in the 84 smokers with chronic sinusitis than in the nonsmokers (p < 0.01, p < 0.025, and p < 0.001, respectively). Eighty-five BLPB isolates were recovered from 73 patients (30%) with acute sinusitis. These included Moraxella catarrhalis, S aureus, Haemophilus influenzae, Prevotella spp, and Fusobacterium spp; 40 BLPB isolates were found in smokers, and 45 in nonsmokers (p < 0.05). One hundred twenty-five BLPB isolates were recovered from 91 patients (43%) with chronic sinusitis, including M catarrhalis, Bacteroides fragilis group, S aureus, H influenzae, Prevotella spp. and Fusobacterium spp; 69 BLPB isolates were found in smokers, and 56 in nonsmokers (p < 0.001). Antimicrobial therapy had been administered in the past month to 130 patients (28%; 60 smokers and 70 nonsmokers; p < 0.025). Both MRSA and BLPB were isolated more often from these individuals (p < 0.025). However, the higher isolation rates of MRSA and BLPB in smokers were independent of previous antimicrobial therapy. Conclusions: These data illustrate a greater frequency of isolation of S aureus, MRSA, and BLPB in patients with acute and chronic sinusitis who smoke.

Aerobic and Anaerobic Bacteriology of Perirectal Abscess in Children

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 282-284
Author(s):  
Itzhak Brook ◽  
William J. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Oral Antibiotic ◽  
Incision And Drainage ◽  
Group A ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

Aspirates of pus from perirectal abscesses in 28 children were studied for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. A total of 87 isolates (64 anaerobic and 23 aerobic) were recovered from the patients, an average of 2.3 anaerobes and 0.8 aerobes per specimen. Anaerobic organisms alone were recovered from 15 specimens (54%), and in nine specimens (32%) they were mixed with aerobic organisms. Aerobic organisms were recovered in pure culture in only four patients (14%). The predominant anaerobic organisms were Bacteroides sp (32 isolates, including 14 B fragilis group and seven B melaninogenicus group), Gram-positive anaerobic cocci(15), Fusobacterium sp (six), and Clostridium sp (three). The predominant aerobic organisms were Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus (six of each), group A β-hemolytic streptococci, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Proteus morganii (two of each). Five children had a serious underlying chronic disease; three of these had an accompanying bacteremia and two died. Incision and drainage were performed on all patients: some children also received parenteral, or oral antibiotic treatment, or both.

Microbiology of Empyema in Children and Adolescents

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 722-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Itzhak Brook
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Lung Abscess ◽  
Aerobic Bacteria ◽  
Bacteroides Fragilis Group ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

The microbiology of empyema was studied in 72 children and adolescents whose specimens yielded bacterial growth after inoculation for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. A total of 93 organisms, 60 aerobic or facultative and 33 anaerobic, were isolated. Aerobic bacteria was isolated in 48 (67%) patients, anaerobic bacteria in 17 (24%), and mixed aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in 7 (10%). The predominant aerobic or facultative bacteria were Haemophilus influenzae (15 isolates), Streptococcus pneumoniae (13), and Staphylococcus aureus (10). The predominant anaerobes were Bacteroides sp (15 isolates, including 7 Bacteroides fragilis group and 5 Bacteroides melaninogenicus group), anaerobic cocci (9), and Fusobacterium sp (6). β-lactamase activity was detected in at least one isolate in 20 (37%) of the 54 tested patients. These included all 8 tested S aureus and 7 B fragilis group, 3 of 10 H influenzae, 2 of 4 B melaninogenicus group, and 1 of 2 Klebsiella pneumoniae. Most cases of S pneumoniae and H influenzae were associated with pneumonia. The recovery of anaerobic bacteria was mostly associated with the concomitant diagnosis of aspiration pneumonia, lung abscess, subdiaphragmatic abscess, and abscesses of dental or oropharyngeal origin. The data highlight the importance of anaerobic bacteria in selected cases of empyema in children and adolescents.

Mucociliary Clearance of the Maxillary Sinuses in Patients with Recurrent or Chronic Sinusitis

1994 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 285-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matti A. Penttilä ◽  
Markus E.P. Rautiainen ◽  
Matti O. Koskinen ◽  
Väinö Turjanmaa ◽  
Jussi E. Laranne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Mucociliary Clearance ◽  
Chronic Sinusitis ◽  
Maxillary Sinusitis ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
Chronic Maxillary Sinusitis ◽  
Maxillary Sinuses

This is one of the first human studies of maxillary sinus mucociliary activity using human serum albumin labelled with 99m-technetium (99mTc-HSA) as a tracer in patients suffering from recurrent or chronic maxillary sinusitis. The tracer was injected into both maxillary sinuses through small sinus irrigation catheters. Nasal endoscopy and computed tomography were performed in all patients shortly before the injection. The clearance rates of four case report patients with different endoscopic and radiographic findings showed great individual variation. The technique proved to have viability for clinical use when evaluating sinusitis treatment options and results.

Effect of radiation dose on the recovery of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria from mice

1986 ◽  
Vol 32 (9) ◽  
pp. 719-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Itzhak Brook ◽  
Richard I. Walker ◽  
Thomas J. MacVittie
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Higher Doses ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Culture Positive ◽  
Gram Positive Cocci

The presence of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in the blood, spleen, and liver was investigated in mice that were exposed to 7, 8, 9, or 10 Gy 60Co radiation. Microorganisms were detected more often in animals exposed to higher doses of radiation. The number of mice that were culture positive and the number of isolates in one site increased with increasing dose. Bacteria were recovered in mice killed at various times after radiation, in 3 of 100 mice exposed to 7 Gy, in 13 of 100 irradiated with 8 Gy, in 23 of 90 exposed to 9 Gy, and in 34 of 87 irradiated with 10 Gy. The predominant organisms recovered were Escherichia coli, anaerobic Gram-positive cocci, Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacteroides spp. Escherichia coli and anaerobes were more often isolated in animals exposed to 10 Gy, while S. aureus was more often recovered in those irradiated with 9 Gy. These data demonstrate a relationship between the dose of radiation and the rate of infection due to enteric aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.

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