scholarly journals Systemic Racism in Canadian Occupational Therapy: A Qualitative Study with Therapists

2022 ◽  
pp. 000841742110666
Author(s):  
Brenda L. Beagan ◽  
Kaitlin R. Sibbald ◽  
Stephanie R. Bizzeth ◽  
Tara M. Pride
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Community Building ◽  
Institutional Racism ◽  
Sense Making ◽  
Leadership Roles ◽  
Structural Racism ◽  
Systemic Racism ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
Business As Usual

Background. Research on racism within occupational therapy is scant, though there are hints that racialized therapists struggle. Purpose. This paper examines experiences of racism in occupational therapy, including coping strategies and resistance. Method. Ten therapists from racialized groups (not including Indigenous peoples) were recruited for cross-Canada, in-person or telephone interviews. Transcripts were coded and inductively analysed, with data thematically organized by types of racism and responses. Findings. Interpersonal racism involving clients, students, colleagues and managers is supported by institutional racism when incidents of racism are met with inaction, and racialized therapists are rarely in leadership roles. Structural racism means the experiences of racialized people are negated within the profession. Cognitive sense-making becomes a key coping strategy, especially when resistance is costly. Implications. Peer supports and community building among racialized therapists may be beneficial, but dismantling structures of racism demands interrogating how whiteness is built into business-as-usual in occupational therapy.

5. Structural racism and colourblind whiteness

2020 ◽  
pp. 94-127
Author(s):  
Ali Rattansi
Keyword(s):  
Racial Discrimination ◽  
Institutional Racism ◽  
Sociological Perspective ◽  
Structural Racism ◽  
Systemic Racism ◽  
Ethnic Inequalities ◽  
The Usa

From a sociological perspective, current racialized inequalities in white-dominated societies in the USA and Europe need to be explored in systemic, structural terms. Systemic or structural racism characterizes a set of interrelated relationships that include institutions and individuals, which reproduce the subordinate and superior positions occupied by racialized populations. ‘Structural racism and colourblind whiteness’ explains how structural or systemic racism cannot be treated completely separately from institutional racism, and how that differs from institutional racialization. It also considers racial discrimination and ethnic inequalities in Britain and the USA, as well as the culture of ‘whiteness’ and the concept of colourblind racism.

Occupational Justice—Colonial Business as Usual? Indigenous Observations from Aotearoa New Zealand

2021 ◽  
pp. 000841742110058
Author(s):  
Isla G. Emery-Whittington
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Science Literature ◽  
Occupational Science ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Indigenous Perspectives ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Occupational Justice ◽  
Business As Usual

Background. Western ideologies and systems of occupation and justice are implicated in the colonization of indigenous peoples worldwide. Yet, colonialism, racism, and privilege are minimally acknowledged and examined within occupational therapy and occupational science literature, as evidenced in uncritical development of notions of “occupational justice.” Purpose. First, to open a discussion of how and why theories and approaches to justice have developed as they have in Aotearoa New Zealand. Second, to further a burgeoning field of Indigenous perspectives and critiques of colonial theorizing within the profession, while highlighting local Indigenous justice frameworks including Te Tiriti o Waitangi and Matike Mai Aotearoa. Key Issues. Colonialism is minimally examined in occupational justice approaches and promotion. Implications. Honest examination of colonialism alongside Indigenous justice frameworks can advance critical praxes of decolonising occupation and re-connect occupation with justice and equity.

scholarly journals INSTITUTIONAL RACISM IN AMERICAN POST-CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT IN DEAR MARTIN BY NIC STONE (2017)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Afifah Indriani ◽  
Delvi Wahyuni
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Civil Rights Movement ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Institutional Racism ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Systemic Racism ◽  
Civil Rights Era ◽  
Group Interest ◽  
Post Civil Rights

This thesis is an analysis of a novel written by Nic Stone entitled Dear Martin (2017). It explores the issue of institutional racism in the post-civil rights era. The concept of systemic racism by Joe R.Feagin is employed to analyze this novel. This analysis focuses on four issues of systemic racism as seen through several African-American characters. This analysis also depends on the narrator to determine which parts of the novel are used as the data. The result of the study shows that African-American characters experience four forms of institutional racism which are The White Racial Frame and Its Embedded Racist Ideology, Alienated Social Relations, Racial Hierarchy with Divergent Group Interest, and Related Racial Domination: Discrimination in Many Aspects. In conclusion, in this post-civil rights movement era, African-Americans still face institutional racism.

scholarly journals Fighting for America’s Paradise—the Struggle against Structural Racism

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel R. Hardeman ◽  
Simone L. Hardeman-Jones ◽  
Eduardo M. Medina
Keyword(s):  
Black People ◽  
The United States ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
Structural Racism ◽  
Systemic Racism ◽  
Communities Of Color ◽  
Policy Suggestions ◽  
Fundamental Cause ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Many

Abstract Structural racism is a fundamental cause of racial inequities in health in the United States. Structural racism is manifested in inequality in the criminal justice system; de facto segregation in education, health care, and housing; and ineffective and disproportionately violent policing and economic disenfranchisement in communities of color. The inequality that Black people and communities of color face is the direct result of centuries of public policy that made Black and Brown skin a liability. We are now in an unprecedented moment in our history as we usher in a new administration which explicitly states: “The moment has come for our nation to deal with systemic racism. . .And to deal with the denial of the promise of this nation—to so many.” The opportunities to create innovative and bold policy must reflect the urgency of the moment and seek to dismantle the systems of oppression that have for far too long left the American promise unfulfilled. The policy suggestions we make in this commentary speak to the structural targets needed to dismantle some of the many manifestations of structural racism to achieve health equity.

scholarly journals Climate Politics and Race in the Pacific Northwest

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Slocum
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
The United States ◽  
Climate Justice ◽  
Structural Racism ◽  
Systemic Racism ◽  
Climate Politics ◽  
The Public ◽  
Racial Capitalism ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Global North

The collective politics of climate justice makes the important claim that lowering emissions is not enough; society must also undertake radical transformation to address both the climate and inequality crises. Owing to its roots in the environmental justice movement, addressing systemic racism is central to climate justice praxis in the United States, which is a necessary intervention in typically technocratic climate politics. What emerges from US climate justice is a moral appeal to ‘relationship’ as politics, the procedural demand that communities of color (the ‘frontline’) lead the movement, and a distributive claim on carbon pricing revenue. However, this praxis precludes a critique of racial capitalism, the process that relies on structural racism to enhance accumulation, alienating, exploiting, and immiserating black, brown, and white, while carrying out ecocide. The lack of an analysis of how class and race produce the crises climate justice confronts prevents the movement from demanding that global north fossil fuel abolition occur in tandem with the reassertion of the public over the private and de-growth. Drawing on research conducted primarily in Oregon and Washington, I argue that race works to both create and limit the transformative possibilities of climate politics.

The Evolution of a Quality Programme within a Changing Environment

1997 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Rudman ◽  
Mary Hall ◽  
Sylvia Langlois
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Continuous Quality Improvement ◽  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Leadership Roles ◽  
Clinical Indicators ◽  
Continuous Quality ◽  
Supporting Structures

Health care facilities have been forced to re-evaluate traditional methods of quality assurance and consider quality improvement techniques. The Toronto Hospital Occupational Therapy Department has developed a quality programme that incorporates a foundation and supporting structures that can be adapted to accommodate the shift from quality assurance to continuous quality improvement. The foundation consists of a philosophy and principal functions, while the supporting structures include mechanisms to monitor principal functions and for communication. With a shift to continuous quality improvement, the quality programme was expanded to include clinical indicators and greater involvement of front-line staff and consumers. The programme also incorporates a framework that directs the development and implementation of clinical indicators related to occupational performance outcomes. Issues pertaining to the implementation and adaptation of the quality programme are discussed. Although initially developed in an occupational therapy environment, the framework and processes of this quality programme are being applied to multidisciplinary quality programmes in which occupational therapists are taking on leadership roles.

Occupational therapy and indigenous peoples: partnerships for change

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-55
Author(s):  
Alison Gerlach ◽  
Linda H Wilson ◽  
Jane Hopkirk
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Indigenous Peoples

scholarly journals Book Review of Canadian Justice, Indigenous Injustice by Kent Roach

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalia Zahreddine
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Confirmation Bias ◽  
Systemic Racism ◽  
White Cattle ◽  
Cattle Farmer

Kent Roach’s Canadian Justice, Indigenous Injustice (2019) analyzes the highly divisive and contested acquittal of fifty-six-year-old white cattle farmer, Gerald Stanley, in the 2018 case involving the death of twenty-two-year-old Cree man, Colton Boushie. The book argues that this particular case highlights the striking disadvantages that Indigenous Peoples continue to face within the criminal justice system. However, though well intentioned, Roach’s book is not without its problems, and ultimately, fails to sufficiently prove that the root of Gerald Stanley’s acquittal was solely attributed to systemic racism or Indigenous victimization. The arguments, lacking Indigenous opinions and consultation, essentially devolved into a demonstration of Roach’s confirmation bias.

scholarly journals Institutional Racism and Individual Agency

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Lavoie
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Principal Factor ◽  
Institutional Racism ◽  
Institutional Constraints ◽  
Leadership Roles ◽  
Disciplinary Power ◽  
Dynamic Interactions ◽  
Direct Practice ◽  
Individual Agency

Institutional racism is a principal factor in the exclusion and oppression of racialized groups.  Social work scholars have examined the organizational indicators, attitudes, and actions of staff that contribute to institutional racism in order to elucidate its function.  However, an understanding of the interplay between institutions and individuals within institutional racism has remained largely elusive. This paper aims to address this gap.  Using the work of French philosopher Michel Foucault and his theorization of disciplinary power, this paper presents a case study of one social worker’s efforts to address racism in her organization. The result is a unique understanding of institutional racism that considers the dynamic interactions between institutional constraints and individual agency. Such an analysis enables those in direct practice as well as in leadership roles who are committed to anti-oppression social work to understand the barriers and routes to anti-racist institutional change.

scholarly journals Next of kin’s experiences of registered nurses’ leadership close to older adults in municipal home care in Sweden: an interview study

BMC Nursing ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Claesson ◽  
Lise-Lotte Jonasson ◽  
Karin Josefsson
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Home Care ◽  
Registered Nurses ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Team Leadership ◽  
Leadership Roles ◽  
Next Of Kin ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
Relationship Communication ◽  
Safe Care

Abstract Background Next of kin to older adults over 65 years in municipal home care are concerned whether their older adults’ needs are being met. In municipal home care, the registered nurses’ leadership is important and complex, entailing multi-artist skills involving the older adults and their next of kin. Yet, little is known about next of kin’s experiences of registered nurses’ leadership. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore next of kin’s experiences of registered nurses’ leadership close to older adults in municipal home care. Methods Individual telephone interviews were conducted with next of kin (n = 11) of older adults from April to September 2020 in two municipalities in western Sweden. Data were analysed using qualitative content analysis. Results The results are presented with the theme, registered nurses do what they can, including two categories, interaction and competence, and the subcategories, relationship, communication, availability, responsibility, team leadership and cooperation. Registered nurses’ leadership was experienced as a balancing act between their commitments and what they were able to achieve. Conclusions Next of kin’s experiences of registered nurses’ leadership can contribute knowledge that will strengthen and prepare registered nurses for their leadership roles. This knowledge can support the development of policies for organisational preconditions that ensure quality and safe care to older adults in municipal home care.

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