National Trends in Pediatric Headache and Associated Functional Limitations

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (14) ◽  
pp. 1502-1508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Callie Pawlowski ◽  
Cierra Buckman ◽  
Dmitry Tumin ◽  
Aimee W. Smith ◽  
Jennifer Crotty
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Functional Limitation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Severe Headache ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
School Absenteeism ◽  
Pediatric Headache ◽  
Nationally Representative

Objective. Frequent or severe headaches are associated with school absenteeism and functional limitation in children, but trends in headache prevalence are uncertain. We used nationally representative data to describe trends in pediatric headache prevalence in the United States, and to evaluate whether headache has remained consistently associated with functional limitations among school-age children. Methods. We analyzed data on children age 5 to 17 years in the 2007 to 2015 National Health Interview Surveys. Caregivers reported whether each child experienced frequent or severe headache in the past 12 months. Weighted proportions and multivariable regression were used to estimate headache prevalence over the study period and associations between headache and measures of functional limitation. Results. The analysis included 57 272 children (mean age = 11 years; 52% female). Frequent or severe headache was reported for 6% of children, with no discernable trend over the study period. On multivariable Poisson regression, headache became more strongly associated with school absenteeism over time. In 2007, frequent or severe headache was associated with a 70% increase in the number of missed school days (incidence risk ratio [IRR] = 1.70; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.50-1.91; P < .001), whereas by 2015, headache was associated with a 139% increase in the number of missed school days (IRR = 2.39; 95% CI = 2.02-2.83; P < .001). Conclusion. Though the prevalence of frequent or severe headache in school-age children did not change in 2007 to 2015, headache became more strongly associated with school absenteeism, highlighting the need for improved management of patients with headaches to prevent negative impact on school performance and functional status.

A Response to the GAO Report, “Disparities Still Exist in Who Gets Special Education”

1983 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Charlie Lakin ◽  
Bradley K. Hill ◽  
Florence A. Hauber ◽  
Robert H. Bruininks
Keyword(s):  
Special Education ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Mentally Retarded ◽  
Public Law ◽  
Residential Facilities ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
School Programs ◽  
Severely Handicapped ◽  
Nationally Representative

A September, 1981, General Accounting Office (GAO) report concluded that among the central objectives of Public Law 94–142, the priorities of serving the previously unserved and the most severely handicapped “may have been realized.” However, data gathered on 401 school-age children who were part of a nationally representative sample of 2,271 individuals living in residential facilities for mentally retarded persons found that at the same time the GAO study was conducted, substantial numbers of sample members were not in school programs and 8% were in no day programs whatsoever.

scholarly journals Analiza częstości występowania oraz czynników wpływających na powstanie wad postawy u dzieci w wieku szkolnym

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 69-95
Author(s):  
Dorota Kochman ◽  
◽  
Aneta Studzińska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Knee Valgus ◽  
School Age ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys ◽  
Method Of Evaluation ◽  
Wrong Place

Introduction. Faulty posture is define as the syndrome of bad posture that we characterize as minimal, individual anomalies upon proper poise which are potentially curable with professional passive and active exercises. An im-portant function at develop posture anomalies has factors which induce to take improper silhouette. To the above factors mainly belong: bad posture while relaxation, wrong place to study or hefting overloaded packs. Aim. Depiction of common problem among children at school age which is exposure of faulty posture and specification of factors which produce faulty posture. Material and methods. In the thesis was used method of evaluation and diag-nostic survey method. With the object of execution the questionnaire surveys applied an anonymous and authorial questionnaire at the same time. A hundred of children at 11-14 age entered the survey. Based on data, computed BMI rate and the anthropometric parameters were evaluated according to centile grid. Results. A hundred of children entered the research (49% boys, 51% girls). 24% of children had diagnose of faulty posture namely 16 girls and 8 boys. Fallen arches was detected at 11 children, it is about 46% of people with bad posture, whereas none of children had knees valgus (0%). 38% of children who are active less than hour per day were diagnosed with faulty posture, whereas group of people with 1-2 hours daily physical activity had only 16,1% of chil-dren with faulty posture. On the other hand with students who spare over two hours on activity daily were not any fault. 87,5% of respondents with wrong BMI rate level suffer from bad posture. Children (66%), who do not respect right rules of carrying pack have diagnosed faulty posture. Conclusion. Every fourth child at research group has bad posture. The com-mon type of faulty posture is fallen arches, but the rarest is knee valgus. Low level of physical activity and wrong way of carrying pack significantly contrib-ute to develop faulty posture among school age children. Furthermore inade-quate result of BMI also has negative impact on body posture of child.

scholarly journals Identifying Predictive Characteristics of Opioid Medication Use among a Nationally Representative Sample of United States Older Adults with Pain and Comorbid Hypertension or Hypercholesterolemia

Healthcare ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 341
Author(s):  
David R. Axon ◽  
Shannon Vaffis ◽  
Srujitha Marupuru
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Functional Limitation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Medical Expenditure ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Opioid Users

The prevalence of older adults with pain and comorbid cardiovascular conditions is increasing in the United States (U.S.). This retrospective, cross-sectional database study used 2017 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey data and hierarchical logistic regression models to identify predictive characteristics of opioid use among a nationally representative sample of older U.S. adults (aged ≥50 years) with pain in the past four weeks and comorbid hypertension (pain–hypertension group) or hypercholesterolemia (pain–hypercholesterolemia group). The pain–hypertension group included 2733 subjects (n = 803 opioid users) and the pain–hypercholesterolemia group included 2796 subjects (n = 795 opioid users). In both groups, predictors of opioid use included: White race versus others, Hispanic versus non-Hispanic ethnicity, 1 versus ≥5 chronic conditions, little/moderate versus quite a bit/extreme pain, good versus fair/poor perceived mental health, functional limitation versus no functional limitation, smoker versus non-smoker, and Northeast versus West census region. In addition, Midwest versus West census region was a predictor in the pain–hypertension group, and 4 versus ≥5 chronic conditions was a predictor in the pain–hypercholesterolemia group. In conclusion, several characteristics of older U.S. adults with pain and comorbid hypertension or hypercholesterolemia were predictive of opioid use. These characteristics could be addressed to optimize individuals’ pain management and help address the opioid overdose epidemic.

Clinical correlates of laterality among school-age children in the United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 620-639
Author(s):  
Nancy Lu ◽  
Devyn C. Rigsby ◽  
Sarah A. Keim ◽  
Eli Rapoport ◽  
Andrew Adesman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Clinical Correlates

scholarly journals Health Services Utilization Among Chinese American Older Adults: Moderation of Social Support With Functional Limitation

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 481-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinjiao Wang ◽  
Dexia Kong ◽  
Benjamin C. Sun ◽  
XinQi Dong
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Functional Limitation ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Chinese American ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lower Odds ◽  
Ed Visits ◽  
Older Chinese ◽  
Relationship Of

In this study, we aimed to examine the relationship of social support with hospitalizations and emergency department (ED) visits among older Chinese adults in the United States and its possible mechanism. This was a secondary analysis of data from the Population Study of Chinese Elderly (July 2011-June 2013; N = 3,157). After adjusting for demographic, clinical, and functional covariates in logistic regression analyses, significant interaction between social support from spouse and the number of functional limitations in (instrumental) activities of daily living was related to lower odds of hospitalization (odds ratio [OR] = 0.97 [0.95-0.99]) and ED visits (OR = 0.98 [0.96-0.99]). This finding suggests that among older Chinese American adults with functional limitations, more spousal support was related to lower odds of hospitalizations and ED visits. Future studies should comprehensively measure social support (e.g., content, amount) from other sources and investigate how unnecessary acute health service utilization in this population may be reduced by social support interventions.

Expanding the Recommendations for Annual Influenza Vaccination to School-Age Children in the United States

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 129 (Supplement 2) ◽  
pp. S54-S62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony E. Fiore ◽  
Scott Epperson ◽  
Dennis Perrotta ◽  
Henry Bernstein ◽  
Kathleen Neuzil
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Influenza Vaccination ◽  
The United States ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age

Bilingual lexical skills of school-age children with Chinese and Korean heritage languages in the United States

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 350-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gisela Jia ◽  
Jennifer Chen ◽  
HyeYoung Kim ◽  
Phoenix-Shan Chan ◽  
Changmo Jeung
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Primary Study ◽  
School Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Lexical Skills ◽  
At Home

This cross-sectional study investigated the bilingual lexical skills of 175 US school-age children (5 to18 years old) with Cantonese, Mandarin, or Korean as their heritage language (HL), and English as their dominant language. Primary study goals were to identify potential patterns of development in bilingual lexical skills over the elementary to high school time span and to examine the relation of environmental factors to lexical skills. HL and English productive lexical skills were assessed with a Picture Naming and a Verbal Fluency task. English receptive lexical skills were assessed with Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test. A survey obtained information about participants’ language use in six environmental contexts. There were age-related significant increases in both HL and English skills. However, English proficiency already had a significant lead over HL proficiency at the youngest age. English receptive lexical skills reached monolingual expectations from age 8, whereas for HL, high school age participants on average only reached the level of early elementary school monolinguals. Although more English use at home at younger ages was associated with stronger English skills, the relation did not exist for older participants. Instead, among older participants, more English use at home was associated with weaker HL skills. Children’s attendance at HL programs and visits to home countries bore little relation to HL proficiency.

scholarly journals Shared Etiology of Phonological Memory and Vocabulary Deficits in School-Age Children

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 1249-1259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin L. Peterson ◽  
Bruce F. Pennington ◽  
Stefan Samuelsson ◽  
Brian Byrne ◽  
Richard K. Olson
Keyword(s):  
Language Impairment ◽  
Specific Language Impairment ◽  
Twin Study ◽  
The United States ◽  
Regression Method ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Phonological Memory ◽  
Overlapping Genes ◽  
Longitudinal Twin Study

Purpose The goal of this study was to investigate the etiologic basis for the association between deficits in phonological memory (PM) and vocabulary in school-age children. Method Children with deficits in PM or vocabulary were identified within the International Longitudinal Twin Study (ILTS; Samuelsson et al., 2005). The ILTS includes 1,045 twin pairs (between the ages of 5 and 8 years) from the United States, Australia, and Scandinavia. The authors applied the DeFries-Fulker (DeFries & Fulker, 1985, 1988) regression method to determine whether problems in PM and vocabulary tend to co-occur because of overlapping genes, overlapping environmental risk factors, or both. Results Among children with isolated PM deficits, the authors found significant bivariate heritability of PM and vocabulary weaknesses both within and across time. However, when probands were selected for a vocabulary deficit, there was no evidence for bivariate heritability. In this case, it appears that the PM–vocabulary relationship is caused by common shared environmental experiences. Conclusions The findings are consistent with previous research on the heritability of specific language impairment and suggest that there are etiologic subgroups of children with low vocabulary for different reasons, 1 being more influenced by genes and another being more influenced by environment.

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