The Effect of the Operator's Handedness on Some Directional Stereotypes in Control-Display Relationships

1968 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 303-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alphonse Chapanis ◽  
Bernard A. Gropper
Keyword(s):  
Initial Direction ◽  
Clockwise Rotation ◽  
Control Knob ◽  
Left Handed ◽  
Common Control ◽  
Direction Of Movement ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Vertical Scales

Recommendations about preferred directions of movement for controls and displays are based almost exclusively on right-handed persons. This experiment has studied some common control-display movement stereotypes to find out if these stereotypes are equally valid for left- and right-handed subjects. Our apparatus presented a scale that could be oriented horizontally or vertically. The numbers on the scale increased either right-to-left or left-to-right for the horizontal scales, or up-to-down or down-to-up for the vertical scales. The linkage between the movement of a control knob and the movement of the hairline on the scale was reversible so that a clockwise rotation of the knob could be made to move the hairline toward either end of the scale. We recorded (1) the direction of the first movement made by the subject on each trial, (2) the total number of reversal movements made on each setting, (3) the time taken to make a setting, and (4) the actual setting made (and so, of course, setting errors). We tested 64 subjects, 32 left-handed and 32 right-handed, each using his preferred and non-preferred hands. Significant differences were found in the time to make settings, the number of reversal movements, and errors in initial direction of movement as functions of handedness and the various apparatus relationships. In addition to overall differences between the performance of the left- and right-handed subjects, the two groups behaved differently on some measures when using their preferred and non-preferred hands.

Lifted-Weight Difference Thresholds as a Function of Hand

1978 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Siders ◽  
Harry Hoffman ◽  
Bradley B. Glanville
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Weight Difference ◽  
Left Handed ◽  
Perceived Weight ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Difference Thresholds

A study was conducted to determine if the two hands of right-handers are differentially sensitive to changes in perceived weight. Using the method of limits, the left and right hands of 20 college students were tested at each of three reference weights: 90, 100, and 110 gm. Results indicated that, over-all, difference thresholds for the two hands were not reliably different, though a trend did emerge toward greater right-handed sensitivity to weight changes at smaller weights and greater left-handed sensitivity at greater weights.

Handedness affects Emotional Valence Asymmetry

1989 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 435-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. McFarland ◽  
Robert Kennison
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Hemispheric Asymmetry ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Emotional Valence ◽  
Left Handed ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Asymmetry ◽  
The Right ◽  
Cerebral Processing

Music was played monaurally to 80 right-handed and 80 left-handed subjects. Right-handers reported more positive and less negative affect if the music was to the right ear. Left-handers reported experiencing more positive and less negative affect during music to the left ear. The hand × ear interaction was significant. The valence of emotional responses to the music seems influenced by a combination of at least two factors, (1) differences between left- and right-handers in the cerebral processing of emotional valence and (2) differences in the processing of emotional valence within each handedness group depending upon which hemisphere was initially most strongly engaged by the music. These results partially corroborate and extend the findings of previous studies in which briefer stimuli were presented tachistoscopically or dichotically. It is concluded that, while there is hemispheric asymmetry in the processing of emotional valence, the direction of the asymmetry may be associated with the handedness of the subjects.

Errors in Estimating the Orientation of Dot Patterns

Perception ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Lánský ◽  
Naum Yakimoff ◽  
T Radil ◽  
L Mitrani
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Analysis ◽  
Frontoparallel Plane ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

The error in estimating the orientation of a dot pattern was measured as the difference between the orientation of the least-squared-distances line (LS-line) of the pattern and the orientation of a line adjusted by the subject to match the perceived orientation of the pattern. Analysis of the mean errors (averaged over ten subjects) obtained for one hundred patterns confirmed that the orientation of the LS-line represents the orientation of elongated dot-patterns. It is shown that estimated orientation was systematically biased towards the nearest 45° oblique meridian. This bias points to the importance of the ±45° directions as natural norms for left- and right-side tilt in the frontoparallel plane.

scholarly journals Individual Laterality in Ghost Crabs (Ocypode saratan) Influences Burrowing Behavior

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1512
Author(s):  
Reuven Yosef ◽  
Michal Daraby ◽  
Alexei Semionovikh ◽  
Jakub Z. Kosicki
Keyword(s):  
Natural Selection ◽  
Red Sea ◽  
Selection Pressure ◽  
Left Handed ◽  
Self Defense ◽  
Temporal Segregation ◽  
Ghost Crabs ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Burrowing Behavior ◽  
The Right

Behavioral handedness is known to enhance an individual’s handling capabilities. However, the ecological advantages in brachyuran crustaceans remain unclear, despite the Ocypode species having been studied extensively. Thus, in this study, we analyzed the laterality of the endemic Red Sea ghost crab on one beach in Eilat, Israel. We successfully documented the laterality of the large cheliped in 125 crabs; in 60 (48.0%), the right cheliped was larger, and in 64 (51.2%), the left. We also observed temporal segregation between the right- and left-clawed crabs. The right-handed crabs start activity just after sunrise, while left-handed crabs appear ca. 40 min after it. Similarly, temporal segregations were also observed in the evening. The right-clawed crab activity peaked ca. 20 min before sunset, while the left-clawed crabs were active uniformly. Additionally, burrow entrances corresponded to the larger cheliped of the resident individual and is probably a self-defense-related behavior. We conclude that cheliped laterality in O. saratan populations should be considered as a bimodal trait, where left- and right-handedness is not under natural selection pressure.

scholarly journals Clarifying the Structure and Nature of Left-Wing Authoritarianism

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas H Costello ◽  
Shauna Bowes ◽  
Sean T. Stevens ◽  
Irwin Waldman ◽  
Scott O. Lilienfeld
Keyword(s):  
Political Violence ◽  
Scientific Inquiry ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Nomological Network ◽  
Right Wing Authoritarianism ◽  
Beliefs And Values ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Left And Right

Authoritarianism has been the subject of scientific inquiry for nearly a century, yet the vast majority of authoritarianism research has focused on right-wing authoritarianism. In the present studies, we investigate the nature, structure, and nomological network of left-wing authoritarianism (LWA), a construct famously known as “the Loch Ness Monster” of political psychology. We iteratively construct a measure and data-driven conceptualization of LWA across six samples (N = 7,258) and conduct quantitative tests of LWA’s relations with over 50 authoritarianism-related variables. We find that left- and right-wing authoritarianism reflect a shared constellation of personality traits, cognitive features, beliefs, and values that might be considered the “heart” of authoritarianism. Our results also indicate that LWA powerfully predicts several critical, real-world outcomes, including participation in political violence. We conclude that a movement away from exclusively right-wing conceptualizations of authoritarianism may be required to illuminate authoritarianism’s central features, conceptual breadth, and psychological appeal.

Cerebral Dominance and Its Relation To Psychological Function

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-395
Author(s):  
RANDOLPH K. BYERS
Keyword(s):  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Cerebral Dominance ◽  
Language Function ◽  
Psychological Function ◽  
Language Functions ◽  
Left Handed ◽  
The Subject

This little book is a review of and contribution to the subject of language and its relationship to cerebral dominance. In general it emphasizes that in right-handed people language function is nearly regularly and fairly strictly localized to the left hemisphere. In left-handed and clearly ambidextrous people there is still a tendency for language to be localized in the left hemisphere, but its localization is not as complete, and various language functions may escape in injury to one hemisphere. Recovery tends to be more complete following acute lesions of the left hemisphere in predominantly left-handed individuals.

scholarly journals ON FERMION ZERO MODES IN INSTANTON V - A MODELS WITH SPONTANEOUS SYMMETRY BREAKING

1994 ◽  
Vol 09 (08) ◽  
pp. 715-723
Author(s):  
KAMRAN SARIRIAN
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Electroweak Theory ◽  
Yukawa Couplings ◽  
Zero Modes ◽  
Left Handed ◽  
Fermion Masses ◽  
Left And Right

The left- and right-handed fermion zero modes are examined. Their behavior under the variation of the size of the instanton, ρ I , and the size of the Higgs core, ρ H , for a range of Yukawa couplings corresponding to the fermion masses in the electroweak theory are studied. It is shown that the characteristic radii of the zero modes, in particular those of the left-handed fermions, are locked to the instanton size, and are not affected by the variation of ρ H , except for fermion masses much larger than those in the standard electroweak theory.

Do turning biases by the 7-spot ladybird, Coccinella septempunctata, increase their foraging efficiency?

Behaviour ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 144 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Hassall ◽  
John Turner ◽  
Robbie Girling
Keyword(s):  
Coccinella Septempunctata ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Foraging Strategy ◽  
Foraging Efficiency ◽  
Left Handed ◽  
Y Maze ◽  
Aphid Density ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Number Of Individuals ◽  
Mean Time

AbstractThe hypothesis that foraging male and female Coccinella septempunctata L. would exhibit a turning bias when walking along a branched linear wire in a Y-maze was tested. Individuals were placed repeatedly in the maze. Approximately 45% of all individuals tested displayed significant turning biases, with a similar number of individuals biased to the left and right. In the maze right-handed individuals turned right at 84.4% of turns and the left-handed individuals turned left at 80.2% of turns. A model of the searching efficiency of C. septempunctata in dichotomous branched environments showed that model coccinellids with greater turning biases discovered a higher proportion of the plant for a given number of searches than those with no bias. A modification of the model to investigate foraging efficiency, by calculating the mean time taken by individuals to find randomly distributed aphid patches, suggested that on four different sizes of plants, with a variety of aphid patch densities, implementing a turning bias was a significantly more efficient foraging strategy than no bias. In general the benefits to foraging of implementing a turning bias increased with the degree of the bias. It may be beneficial for individuals in highly complex branched environments to have a turning bias slightly lower than 100% in order to benefit from increased foraging efficiency without walking in circles. Foraging bias benefits increased with increasing plant size and decreasing aphid density. In comparisons of two different plant morphologies, one with a straight stem and side branches and one with a symmetrically branched morphology, there were few significant differences in the effects of turning biases on foraging efficiency between morphologies.

scholarly journals Complete slices and homological properties of tilted algebras

1994 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Assem ◽  
Flávio Ulhoa Coelho
Keyword(s):  
Representation Theory ◽  
Global Dimension ◽  
Indecomposable Modules ◽  
Tilted Algebra ◽  
Finite Dimensional ◽  
Tilted Algebras ◽  
Homological Dimensions ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Almost All

It is reasonable to expect that the representation theory of an algebra (finite dimensional over a field, basic and connected) can be used to study its homological properties. In particular, much is known about the structure of the Auslander-Reiten quiver of an algebra, which records most of the information we have on its module category. We ask whether one can predict the homological dimensions of a module from its position in the Auslander-Reiten quiver. We are particularly interested in the case where the algebra is a tilted algebra. This class of algebras of global dimension two, introduced by Happel and Ringel in [7], has since then been the subject of many investigations, and its representation theory is well understood by now (see, for instance, [1], [7], [8], [9], [11], [13]).In this case, the most striking feature of the Auslander-Reiten quiver is the existence of complete slices, which reproduce the quiver of the hereditary algebra from which the tilted algebra arises. It follows from well-known results that any indecomposable successor (or predecessor) of a complete slice has injective (or projective, respectively) dimension at most one, from which one deduces that a tilted algebra is representation-finite if and only if both the projective and the injective dimensions of almost all (that is, all but at most finitely many non-isomorphic) indecomposable modules equal two (see (3.1) and (3.2)). On the other hand, the authors have shown in [2, (3.4)] that a representation-infinite algebra is concealed if and only if both the projective and the injective dimensions of almost all indecomposable modules equal one (see also [14]). This leads us to consider, for tilted algebras which are not concealed, the case when the projective (or injective) dimension of almost all indecomposable successors (or predecessors, respectively) of a complete slice equal two. In order to answer this question, we define the notions of left and right type of a tilted algebra, then those of reduced left and right types (see (2.2) and (3.4) for the definitions).

An atlas of the thoracic ganglia in the stick insect, Carausius morosus

1991 ◽  
Vol 331 (1260) ◽  
pp. 101-121 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Single Unit ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Stick Insect ◽  
Functional Specialization ◽  
Carausius Morosus ◽  
Thoracic Ganglia ◽  
The Third ◽  
Metathoracic Ganglion ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Left And Right

The present report describes the neuroanatomy of the three thoracic ganglia in the stick insect, Carausius morosus , the subject of numerous behavioural and neurobiological studies. The structure of the ganglia is summarized in an atlas of the major features. The results are compared with published descriptions of other insects and arthropods. Numerous similarities with locusts encourage the use of a common nomenclature even where minor differences make homology uncertain pending detailed investigation. Five out of the nine longitudinal tracts described in locusts can be readily identified in the stick insect. Three major tracts (LDT, DIT, VIT) and two smaller tracts (MDT, DMT) are compact and well defined. The VMT and MVT are also prominent but these two tracts are not clearly separated except near the rostral margin of the neuropile. An eighth tract, the VLT, is much less distinct: it is represented by scattered fibres in neuropile lateral to the DIT. The iLVT apd oLVT, the two parts of the ninth tract, are quite inconspicuous: in some, but not all, preparations they can be identified as two thin bands running along the ventral and ventrolateral margins of the ganglion. As in locusts, six dorsal commissures (DCI-DCVI) and five ventral commissures (VCI, vVCII, dVCII, SMC, PVC) connecting the left and right hemiganglia have been named although the two most dorsal commissures, DCII and DCIV, are often subdivided. The VCII is retained as a single unit with dorsal and ventral parts. Of the dorsal-ventral tracts only the transverse tract (TT) and the circle tract (CT) are well-defined. Roots of lateral nerves are left unnamed pending more detailed study but several conspicuous branches are included in the drawings as guides to orientation in the lateral neuropile. The ventral association centre (VAC) and several other neuropile divisions are described. Pro- and mesothoracic ganglia derive from single neuromeres. The metathoracic ganglion results from the fusion of the third thoracic and the first abdominal neuromeres: each part contains its own set of commissures and dorsoventral tracts. The results underline the qualitative similarities of the thoracic ganglia in insects; they provide a basis for more precise descriptions of identified neurons and functional specialization within the ganglia of the stick insect.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document