Is Democracy Necessary for Foreign Direct Investment Inflows in India?

2021 ◽  
pp. 001946622110624
Author(s):  
Ishfaq Hamid ◽  
Pabitra Kumar Jena
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Civil Liberty ◽  
Civil Liberties ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
National Income ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
The Impact

India has developed a positive attitude towards the foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows during the last five years and made several changes in the market conditions, enhanced civil rights and liberties to attract more FDI inflows. This study examines the impact of democracy on FDI inflows in India by employing an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model. For the said purpose, the study uses the annual data from 1980–2017. The findings demonstrate that the democratic setup does not induce FDI inflows in the short run, but there is a positive and significant impact of democracy in the long run. Furthermore, it confirms that gross national income per capita; trade openness, political rights, and civil liberties are significant and positive determinants of FDI inflows in India. Based on findings, this study recommends that India nurture democratic values, property rights security, and values of civil liberty & freedom to appeal for more foreign investment inflows into India progressively. JEL Codes: D73, C22, F14

scholarly journals Foreign Direct Investment and Trade Components in Context of Pakistan

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (34) ◽  
pp. 384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Akram Gilal ◽  
Khadim Hussain ◽  
Muhammad Ajmair ◽  
Sabahat Akram
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Investment Liberalization ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
The Impact

Objective of this paper was to evaluate the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on trade components (exports and imports) of Pakistan using annual data from 1975 to 2013. Engle and Granger two step cointegration method was used for conducting the analysis. This method was adopted because all the variables of interest were non stationary in level and stationary at first difference. Results provide evidence of long run cointegrating relationship as well as short run relationship between FDI and trade components. A rise in FDI causes both exports and imports to increase. Based on these empirical findings, we strongly recommend Government of Pakistan to focus on the strategy of investment liberalization as well as trade openness.

scholarly journals The Influence of Foreign Direct Investment on the GDP Progression of Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-33
Author(s):  
Muhammad Aslam Javed
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Price Index ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
Beneficiary Country ◽  
The Impact

The Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows play a very important role in the economic development of the beneficiary country. The objective of this study is to check the impact of the exchange rate (and other variables like Foreign Exchange Rate, Consumer price index, Trade Openness, and Energy Imports) on foreign direct investment in Pakistan by taking annual data from the period 1999-2013 (Monthly Basis).By using Descriptive,Correlation and regression , the effect of Consumer Price Index, exchange rate, trade openness, energy imports on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) of Pakistan.  The study guide the foreign investor and to categorize the factors, that can affect the Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), while investing in Pakistan.

scholarly journals The Use of Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag Method in Investigating The Impact of Interest Rate on Foreign Direct Investment in Yemen for the Period 1990-2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (123) ◽  
pp. 145-157
Author(s):  
Saif Sallam Alhakimi
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Interest Rate ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Inflation Rate ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
Auto Regressive ◽  
The Impact

 Foreign direct investment has seen increasing interest worldwide, especially in developing economies. However, statistics have shown that Yemen received fluctuating FDI inflows during the period under study. Against this background, this research seeks to determine the relationship and impact of interest rates on FDI flows. The study also found other determinants that greatly affected FDI inflows in Yemen for the period 1990-2018. Study data collected from the World Bank and International Monetary Fund databases. It also ensured that the time series were made balanced and interconnected, and then the Auto Regressive Distributed Lag method used in the analysis. The results showed that the interest rates and inflation rate harmed FDI flows and, therefore, could not be used for policymaking purposes. The research also discovered that GDP growth and trade openness are the main determinants of foreign direct investment in Yemen. Trade openness policies should be encouraged, and GDP growth facilitated if the economy is to achieve long-term FDI flows. Purpose –The purpose of the paper is to discover the impact of interest rate on foreign direct investment with a combination of the exchange rate, inflation, gross domestic product, and trade openness. Design/methodology/approach – The paper implements the Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL)-Bounds testing approach to analyze maintaining the time series properties in terms of stationarity. Findings – The results indicate that there is a long-run equilibrium between the Foreign Direct Investment and the explanatory variables. Furthermore, the significant factors influencing, positively, FDI in Yemen are Growth domestic product, Exchange rate, and Trade openness. In contrast, both the Interest rate and Inflation rate have a substantial negative impact on Foreign Direct Investment. Practical implications – Policymakers in Yemen advised reconsidering many of the general state policies, including investment policies, financial and administrative governance, and monetary policy that focuses on maintaining an adequate interest rate and reduce the rate of inflation. Originality/value – As for the case of Yemen, this the first study empirically explores the impact of interest rate and the foreign direct investment using the Auto Regressive Distributed Lag method aiming for more reliable results.

scholarly journals Trade openness and foreign direct investment in Africa

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Kandiero ◽  
M Chitiga
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
Services Sector ◽  
Openness To Trade ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Poor Infrastructure

Africa’s share of foreign direct investment (FDI) has lagged behind other regions in the world, despite a sharp increase in FDI inflows to the region in 2001. Factors contributing to this circumstance include perceptions of high corruption, weak governance and poor infrastructure. The motivation of this paper is to investigate the impact of openness to trade on the FDI inflow to Africa. In addition to economy-wide trade openness, we also analyse the impact on FDI of openness in manufactured goods, primary commodities and services. The empirical work uses cross-country data from selected African countries observed over four periods: 1980-1985, 1985-1990, 1990- 1995 and 1995-2001. We find that the FDI to GDP ratio responds well to increased openness in the whole economy and in the services sector in particular.

scholarly journals The Impact of Foreign Direct Investment on Economic Growth in Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 90-97
Author(s):  
Sani Ali Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
National Income ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Impact

The economic development performance can be used to measure the economic growth of a given country. In economic analysis, a country can attain economic growth through the growth in national income measurement. However, there were rigorous discussions on the role of foreign direct investment (FDI) on economic growth and continued to be a topic of discussion on the contemporary economy. This paper serves as an extension to the previous empirical studies on the issue by providing some evidence from time series data for the period 1971 to 2013 of Nigeria. The primary aim of this study is to analyze the impact of FDI on economic growth of Nigeria taking trade openness, Gross Fixed Capital Formation and human capital as control variables. To investigate the long run equilibrium relationship, Johansen and Juselius co-integration approach is analyzed, while the speed of adjustment in the short run is analyzed through the use of VECM method. In Nigeria, FDI, GFCF and HK have long run relationship with economic growth. However, the coefficient of ECM in Nigeria is statistically significant at 1% level of significance. Thus, 10.8% of the adjustment is achieved due to the correction of the adjustment speed in a year.

scholarly journals Foreign Direct Investment Inflows into Zimbabwe

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (5-1) ◽  
pp. 43-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mike Nyamazana Sikwila ◽  
Godwell Karedza ◽  
Yvonne Lindiwe Sikwila
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Investment Policy ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
Investment Equation ◽  
Ordinary Least Square Regression ◽  
Policy Stability

Abstract The authors sought to explore factors that influenced foreign direct investment (FDI) in Zimbabwe between 1990 and 2014. In spite of Zimbabwe being one of the richest countries, with respect to mineral endowment in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region there was a paradox of less FDI attracted into the country. We include the investment policy stability (IPS) variable that has been ignored in the current literature; yet, the investment centre policies in any given developing country influence FDI inflows. The authors used Ordinary Least Square regression analysis technique to estimate an investment equation for Zimbabwe using Time-Series annual data obtained from the UNCTAD and World Bank database. The results suggest that investment policy stability; trade openness of the country; inflation rate and growth in real domestic product have a significant influence on the FDI inflows into the country. In conclusion, the results suggest that investment policy stability played an important role in attracting FDI into the country. Also, the results are expected to give a useful insight to policymakers that are responsible for attracting FDI inflows into Zimbabwe and other developing countries.

scholarly journals Impacts of Foreign Direct Investment and Industrial Structure Transformation on Haze Pollution across China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5439
Author(s):  
Chenggang Li ◽  
Tao Lin ◽  
Zhenci Xu ◽  
Yuzhu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Spatial Data Analysis ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Structure Transformation ◽  
Haze Pollution ◽  
The Impact

With the development of economic globalization, some local environmental pollution has become a global environmental problem through international trade and transnational investment. This paper selects the annual data of 30 provinces in China from 2000 to 2017 and adopts exploratory spatial data analysis methods to explore the spatial agglomeration characteristics of haze pollution in China’s provinces. Furthermore, this paper constructs a spatial econometric model to test the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) and industrial structure transformation on haze pollution. The research results show that the high-high concentration area of haze pollution in China has shifted from the central and western regions to the eastern region and from inland regions to coastal regions. When FDI increases by 1%, haze pollution in local and neighboring areas will be reduced by 0.066% and 0.3538%, respectively. However, the impact of FDI on haze pollution is heterogeneous in different stages of economic development. FDI can improve the rationalization level of industrial structure, and then inhibit the haze pollution. However, FDI inhibits the upgrading level of industrial structure to a certain extent, and then aggravates the haze pollution. The research in this paper provides an important decision-making basis for coordinating the relationship between FDI and environmental pollution and realizing green development.

scholarly journals Causal Links between Trade Openness and Foreign Direct Investment in Romania

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Malsha Mayoshi Rathnayaka Mudiyanselage ◽  
Gheorghe Epuran ◽  
Bianca Tescașiu
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Test Procedure ◽  
Real Effective Exchange Rate ◽  
Foreign Direct Investments ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
Long Run

In this increasingly globalized era, foreign direct investments are considered to be one of the most important sources of external financing for all countries. This paper investigates the causal relationship between trade openness and foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows in Romania during the period 1997–2019. Throughout this study, Trade Openness is the main independent variable, and Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Real Effective Exchange Rate (EXR), Inflation (INF), and Education (EDU) act as control variables for investigating the relationships between trade openness (TOP) and FDI inflow in Romania. The Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Bounds test procedure was adopted to achieve the above-mentioned objective. Trade openness has negative and statistically significant long-run and short-run relationships with FDI inflows in Romania throughout the period. Trade openness negatively affects the FDI inflow, which suggest that the higher the level of openness is, the less likely it is that FDI will be attracted in the long run. The result of the Granger causality test indicated that Romania has a unidirectional relationship between trade openness and FDI. It also showed that the direction of causality ran from FDI to trade openness.

scholarly journals International Trade and Foreign Direct Investment as Innovation Factors of the U.S. Economy

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-75
Author(s):  
Tomasz M. Napiórkowski
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
The United States ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Main Portion ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Total Impact ◽  
The U.S

Abstract The aim of this research is to asses the hypothesis that foreign direct investment (FDI) and international trade have had a positive impact on innovation in one of the most significant economies in the world, the United States (U.S.). To do so, the author used annual data from 1995 to 2010 to build a set of econometric models. In each model, 11 in total) the number of patent applications by U.S. residents is regressed on inward FDI stock, exports and imports of the economy as a collective, and in each of the 10 SITC groups separately. Although the topic of FDI is widely covered in the literature, there are still disagreements when it comes to the impact of foreign direct investment on the host economy [McGrattan, 2011]. To partially address this gap, this research approaches the host economy not only as an aggregate, but also as a sum of its components (i.e., SITC groups), which to the knowledge of this author has not yet been done on the innovation-FDI-trade plane, especially for the U.S. Unfortunately, the study suffers from the lack of available data. For example, the number of patents and other used variables is reported in the aggregate and not for each SITC groups (e.g., trade). As a result, our conclusions regarding exports and imports in a specific SITC category (and the total) impact innovation in the U.S. is reported in the aggregate. General notions found in the literature are first shown and discussed. Second, the dynamics of innovation, trade and inward FDI stock in the U.S. are presented. Third, the main portion of the work, i.e. the econometric study, takes place, leading to several policy applications and conclusions.

Effects of Infrastructure Development on Foreign Direct Investment in Kenya

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol Teresa Wekesa ◽  
Nelson H. Wawire ◽  
George Kosimbei
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
Year 2000 ◽  
Quality Infrastructure

Kenya’s foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows as a percentage of GDP have been increasing negligibly over the last 4 years, increasing from 0.4 per cent in 2010 to 0.9 per cent in 2013. And yet evidence shows that quality infrastructure lowers the cost of doing business and thus attracts FDI. Kenya has visible signs of infrastructure inadequacy and inefficiencies despite the fact that since the year 2000, there has been increased budgetary allocation to the infrastructure sector. This study, therefore, sought to determine the effects of transport, energy, communication and water and waste infrastructure development on FDI inflows in Kenya. The study used annual time series data sourced from Central Bank of Kenya, World Bank and the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). Using multiple regression analysis, it was established that improved transport infrastructure, communication infrastructure, water and waste infrastructure, exchange rate, economic growth and trade openness are important determinants of FDI inflows into Kenya. Hence, for Kenya to attract more FDI, continued infrastructural development is key since quality infrastructure affords investors a conducive investment climate in which to operate.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document