scholarly journals Fuel-Flow Measurements on Coal-Fired Power Stations

2003 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 216-218
Author(s):  
Ray Keech ◽  
Ruixue Cheng ◽  
Peter Asquith ◽  
Jianyong Zhang ◽  
John Coulthard
Keyword(s):  
Flow Measurements ◽  
Power Stations ◽  
Fuel Flow

Analysis of FBG Sensors Data for Pipeline Monitoring

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Paolozzi ◽  
Ferdinando Felli ◽  
Cristian Vendittozzi ◽  
Claudio Paris ◽  
Hiroshi Asanuma
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Main Stream ◽  
Flow Measurements ◽  
Fuel Flow ◽  
Flow Fluctuation ◽  
Oil Distribution ◽  
Real Size ◽  
Fbg Sensors ◽  
Pipeline Monitoring ◽  
Illegal Activities

Pipelines for oil distribution may affect the environment when natural disasters such as landslides and earthquakes damage the infrastructures. Besides natural causes, illegal extraction of oil from the pipelines can produce significant environmental damage and sometimes loss of lives from explosions. During the spill, the fuel flow of the main stream theoretically reduces, but this variation is within the normal flow fluctuation and so it is not possible to detect this illegal activity using fuel flow measurements. Transducers based on Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors are very attractive for pipeline monitoring. In two previous works we proposed a new transducer for increasing the sensitivity of FBG sensors to detect illegal activities on the pipelines (drilling). In fact FBG sensors attached directly on the surface of the pipe are not capable to detect strain variations induced by a drill. This paper reports an update on the experimental results obtained on a real size pipeline and a theoretical study aimed to explain why a surface attached sensor does not work.

Improvements to a sugarcane road transportation system

2011 ◽  
pp. 471-475
Author(s):  
A.L. Gómez ◽  
D.F. Cobo ◽  
P.W. Castro ◽  
C.H. Isaacs
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Sugar Industry ◽  
Cane Sugar ◽  
Road Transportation ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Flow Measurements ◽  
Fuel Flow ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Structural Mass ◽  
Fuel Costs

Among the costs of the whole cane sugar and ethanol production system, the activities covered by harvesting (manual and mechanical), road transportation and cane unloading are the most expensive category of operations. A comprehensive study of the cane transport system, which covers topics from system logistics to cane bin design, is being undertaken for the Colombian sugar industry. Models for predicting fuel consumption have been developed and tested using techniques such as GPS (Global Positioning System), pull load and direct fuel flow measurements for the complete operational cycles. Sensitivity trials have also been performed to analyze the influence of bin mass on fuel consumption in the complete cycle and FEA (Finite Element Analysis) modeling has been applied to the design and construction of new equipment. Results show that reductions of 5% of fuel costs are achieved with the 10% structural mass reduction achieved.

Technical/Technological Advances for Optimizing Heat Rate

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Komandur Sunder Raj
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Intrinsic Value ◽  
Heat Rate ◽  
Time Lags ◽  
Flow Measurements ◽  
Analysis And Evaluation ◽  
Fuel Flow ◽  
Performance Metric ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Underlying Causes

Heat rate in a power plant cycle is a calculated value expressed as the ratio of the amount of heat supplied to the cycle divided by the amount of power that is generated. It is directly affected by the heat source and associated auxiliaries, the prime mover, the regenerative feedwater heating cycle and, the heat sink. Heat rate computations also suffer from imprecision/time lags associated with fuel flow measurements, difficulties/uncertainties in determination of the actual amount of heat supplied to the power plant cycle and, measurement of the power that is generated. Consequently, many power plant owners and operators have reservations as to the intrinsic value of heat rate as a performance metric, since detailed analysis and evaluation of the underlying causes and issues are essential to account for deviations from predicted or expected values. Several innovations and advances have paved the way for real-time monitoring, trending, analyzing, evaluating, diagnosing and optimizing power generating asset performance. Using a coal-fired unit as a representative case study, this paper provides an overview of how technical/technological advances in optimizing power generating asset performance facilitate concomitant optimization of heat rate.

An evaluation of the equipment tagging process in nuclear power stations

1983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Doyle ◽  
Lothar Schroeder ◽  
Stephen Brewer
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Stations

Clinical and Experimental Analysis of 201Thallium Uptake of the Heart

1978 ◽  
Vol 17 (04) ◽  
pp. 142-148
Author(s):  
U. Büll ◽  
S. Bürger ◽  
B. E. Strauer
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Myocardial Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Wall ◽  
Ventricular Wall ◽  
Flow Measurements ◽  
Myocardial Flow

Studies were carried out in order to determine the factors influencing myocardial 201T1 uptake. A total of 158 patients was examined with regard to both 201T1 uptake and the assessment of left ventricular and coronary function (e. g. quantitative ventriculography, coronary arteriography, coronary blood flow measurements). Moreover, 42 animal experiments (closed chest cat) were performed. The results demonstrate that:1) 201T1 uptake in the normal and hypertrophied human heart is linearly correlated with the muscle mass of the left ventricle (LVMM);2) 201T1 uptake is enhanced in the inner (subendocardial) layer and is decreased in the outer (subepicardial) layer of the left ventricular wall. The 201T1 uptake of the right ventricle is 40% lower in comparison to the left ventricle;3) the basic correlation between 201T1 uptake and LVMM is influenced by alterations of both myocardial flow and myocardial oxygen consumption; and4) inotropic interventions (isoproterenol, calcium, norepinephrine) as well as coronary dilatation (dipyridamole) may considerably augment 201T1 uptake in accordance with changes in myocardial oxygen consumption and/or myocardial flow.It is concluded that myocardial 201T1 uptake is determined by multiple factors. The major determinants have been shown to include (i) muscle mass, (ii) myocardial flow and (iii) myocardial oxygen consumption. The clinical data obtained from patient groups with normal ventricular function, with coronary artery disease, with left ventricular wall motion abnormalities and with different degree of left ventricular hypertrophy are correlated with quantitated myocardial 201T1 uptake.

Partition Coefficient of 133Xe between Blood and Eye Tissues

1975 ◽  
Vol 14 (04) ◽  
pp. 301-309
Author(s):  
A. Marczak ◽  
A. Moszczyńska-Kowalska ◽  
H. Kowalski
Keyword(s):  
Partition Coefficient ◽  
Aqueous Humour ◽  
Vitreous Body ◽  
Flow Measurements ◽  
Solubility Coefficient ◽  
Eye Muscles ◽  
Eye Tissues ◽  
Relative Solubility ◽  
Blood Flow Measurements

SummaryThe relative solubility coefficient of 133Xe and the tissue-blood partition coefficient for the aqueous humour vitreous body, conjunctiva and external eye muscles of the rabbit were determined in vitro at 37° C and at various haematocrit values. The partition coefficient for haematocrit 40 was: for the aqueous humour 0,49 ml/ml, for the vitreous body 0,50 ml/ml, for the conjunctiva 0,81 ml/g and for the external eye muscles 0,77 ml/g. It was found that the solubility of 133Xe in rabbit erythrocytes is about 50 per cent higher than that in human red cells. The consequences of this fact for the precision of blood flow measurements by the method of tissue clearance are discussed.

Overcoming stereotypes of renewable energy

2019 ◽  
pp. 124-136
Author(s):  
Victor D. Gazman
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Financial Instrument ◽  
Promising Direction ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
Power Stations ◽  
New Generation ◽  
The Impact

The article considers prerequisites for the formation of a new paradigm in the energy sector. The factors that may affect the imminent change of leadership among the energy generation are analyzed. The variability of the projects of creation and functioning of power stations is examined. The focus is made on problematic aspects of the new generation, especially, storage and supply of energy, achieving a system of parity that ensures balance in pricing generations. The author substantiates the principles of forming system of parities arising when comparing traditional and new generations. The article presents the results of an empirical analysis of the 215 projects for the construction of facilities for renewable energy. The significance and direction of the impact of these factors on the growth in investment volumes of transactions are determined. The author considers leasing as an effective financial instrument for overcoming stereotypes of renewable energy and as a promising direction for accelerated implementation of investment projects.

Investigation of the influence of the flow structure on the accuracy of flow measurement before a hydrometric structure in an open channel

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-44
Author(s):  
Anatoly Kusher
Keyword(s):  
Velocity Profile ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Flow Measurement ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Critical Depth ◽  
Flow Measurements ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Flow Velocity Profile ◽  
Upstream Flow

The reliability of water flow measurement in irrigational canals depends on the measurement method and design features of the flow-measuring structure and the upstream flow velocity profile. The flow velocity profile is a function of the channel geometry and wall roughness. The article presents the study results of the influence of the upstream flow velocity profile on the discharge measurement accuracy. For this, the physical and numerical modeling of two structures was carried out: a critical depth flume and a hydrometric overfall in a rectangular channel. According to the data of numerical simulation of the critical depth flume with a uniform and parabolic (1/7) velocity profile in the upstream channel, the values of water discharge differ very little from the experimental values in the laboratory model with a similar geometry (δ < 2 %). In contrast to the critical depth flume, a change in the velocity profile only due to an increase in the height of the bottom roughness by 3 mm causes a decrease of the overfall discharge coefficient by 4…5 %. According to the results of the numerical and physical modeling, it was found that an increase of backwater by hydrometric structure reduces the influence of the upstream flow velocity profile and increases the reliability of water flow measurements.

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